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2.8.1 Hortatory Exposition Text
There are six kinds of genres which had been identified until now. Those genres can be easily memorised by using mnemonic “ENI and ARIns which stand for E
xpalanation, N arrative, I nformation reports, A rguments, R ecounts, Ins truction” Djiwandono 2002: 55. Hortatory Exposition Text is one of genres
which includes in the genre of argumentation. The social function of Hortatory Exposition Text is “to persuade the reader
or listener that something should be or should not be the case” and the generic structures of hortatory exposition text are “thesis, arguments, and
recommendation” Gerot and Wignell 1994: 209. The thesis is can be defined as the announcement of issue of concern while
the arguments is reasons for concern which lead to recommendation. The last is recommendation. It is the statement of what ought or ought not to happen. In
writing Hortatory Exposition text, there should be recommendation in order to the reader know what should or should not be done.
Gerot and Wignell 1994: 209 also defines that “the lexicogrammatical features of Hortatory Exposition text are focusing on generic human and non-
human participants, except for speaker or writer referring to self, the use of mental process, material process, relational process, the use of simple present tense.”
By understanding the elements of Hortatory Exposition text, students will be easier in developing the paragraphs of Hortatory Exposition text.
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CHAPTER III METHODS OF INVESTIGATION
This chapter presents the method of investigation which comprises the explanation about research design, population and sample, research variables, type
of data, instrument for collecting data, method of collecting data and method of analyzing data.
3.1 Research Design
The method of research design was held through a quantitative research. Best 1981: 154 states that “quantification has been defined as a numerical method of
describing observation of material or characteristic.” The research is true experimental. According to Christensen 2001: 32,
“an experimental research is a research that attempts to identify cause and effects relationships. The design used in this study is the pre test-post test control group
design . It involves two groups, an experimental group and a control group. Both
groups are pre-tested, and post-tested. The prominent difference between those groups is administered the treatment. The experimental group has treatments using
CIRC method while the control group has treatments using conventional method. The pre test-post test control group design is clearly depicted in Figure 1.
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