Learners’ needs English for Specific Purposes ESP
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Hutchinson Waters 1987: 107 describe some principles to take into account in ESP materials.
1 a stimulus to learning
Good materials do not teach, but encourage the students to learn more and more. Toaccomplish such feat, the materials must be able to attract students
interest such as interesting text, various enjoyable activities, and opportunities to use existing knowledge and skills which the students and teacher able to cope up.
The materials must not be too challenging, and follow K
rashen formula “i+1”.
2 providing the teaching learning process framework. Materials can be the guidance for the teachers so that they do not get lost.
Not only that, students knowledge and skill will improve according to the standards that they should improve.In other words, it should provide a clear and
coherent unit structure which will guide teachers and learners through various activities in order to reach the learning goals.
3 reflecting language aspects needed to contain. 4 reflecting the nature of learning task.
Although language learning is such a complex process, materials should try to reflect the complexity of the task, yet makes it suitable for learners. The
tasks must be constructed from the easiest into the hardest one. 5 introducing teachers to new techniques.
6 providing correct and appropriate language use model. However, the materials do not simply become the language use, but it is a
vehicle for language learning that can accommodate learners to understand
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language in discourse level. In order to make the materials relevant to what the learners need, materials
development in ESP should be in line with the approach used in the materials. Content-based instruction CBI is considered as the most effective approach to
be used since it can associate the materials development with the learners ’ needs
in learning a second language Richards and Rodgers, 2001: 207.