4.2.4 Suitability of Oil Palm Plantation
Value of the weight given to suitability of palm oil plantation is also one deciding factors in spatial analysis for the development of plantations. The result
from several expert assessments for suitability of palm oil plantation factor is shown in Table 9.
Table 9 Pairwise comparisons matrix on suitability of oil palm plantation factor
Criteria Climate
Land condition Accessibility
Priority Climate
1 1.57
4.58 0.530
Land condition 11.57
1 3.55
0.360 Accessibility
14.58 13.55
1 0.110
Table 9 shows that the criteria for climate to be the top priority in the development of Plantations with the highest eigenvector 0.530, then followed by
the criteria of land condition 0.360 and the lowest value eigenvector value is the accessibility with a value 0.110.
4.3 GIS-Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation
GIS have capability to store and analyze spatial data effectively, and it could spatial modeling to support decision analysis. GIS has long experience in
decision making and map design, and it can integrate with SMCE system to support decision maker’s Zhao and Garner, 2009. In this research, GIS-SMCE
capabilities need to simulate different criteria to making suitability map. The concept spatial analysis based on weighted sum using grid system
cell based modeling. The step one is prepared the spatial data to input as an attribute spatial data. The value of attribute spatial data was transformed into
value between values 0 to 1. The advantages of using standardized data will facilitate the calculation of each attribute value is very varied. The step two was
transform all vector data into raster based or grid system before weighted sum process. The step three was run spatial model by used weighted sum in ILWIS
software Figure 18.
Figure 18 Schematic diagram of SMCE suitability modeling
4.3.1 Suitability Assessment
Suitability analysis for the development of oil palm plantations in Musi Banyuasin regency in this study is based on an assessment of the factors that have
a high value on the influence of other factors. It make the three scenarios alternative with weighting based on the opinions of expert, local knowledge, and
giving value to the weights same for each criteria. 4.3.1.1 Assessment based on expert Alternative 1
Based on the expert assessment for the criteria of climate, rainfall is a factor that considered more important than temperature. For the criteria of land
conditions, the slope is considered less important than soil type and distance from the river, soil type is considered more important than the distance from the river.
Distance From Factory
Rainfall Temperature
Soil Type Distance
From River Slope
Distance From Road
Standartdized Criterion
Standartdized Criterion
Standartdized Criterion
Convert to Grid System
Convert to Grid System
Convert to Grid System
Weighted Sum W1
Weighted Sum W2
Weighted Sum W3
Weighted Sum W1,W2,W3
Reclassification: S1, S2, S3, N
Suitability Map
Climate Land Condition
Accessibility
For the criteria of accessibility, distance from palm oil factory is considered quite more important than the distance from the road. The weights
based on expert assessments shown in Table 10. Table 10 Weight value based on expert Assessment
CriteriaSub Criteria Weight Value
Climate 0.530
1. Rainfall
0.890 2.
Temperature 0.110
Land Condition 0.360
1. Soil Type
0.650 2.
Distance From River 0.230
3. Slope
0.120 Accessibility
0.110 1.
Distance From Road 0.420
2. Distance From Factory
0.580
The calculation of the matrix pairwise comparison method for the weight of each criterion would be used as input weighting values in the process model in
SMCE module. Input data in ILWIS Module for each factor and constrains based on expert assessment is show in Figure 19.
Figure 19 Criteria tree in the SMCE module
Kategori