contrast, derivational suffixes can only apply on restricted bases, for example, the suffix –ize can only combine with certain adjectives to form a verb.
The advertising industry has also added new words to English, such as Kodak, nylon, Honda and Vaseline are some words which are originated from
many brands. Some words created from existing words: Kleenex from the word clean.
Those are called coined words OGrady et. al, 1997: 1 - 13.
2. Theory of Word Coinages
Akmajian et. al 2001: 25 stated that coined words are entirely words and keep they keep entering a language. The advertising industry has added many
new words to English. Specific brand names such as Xerox, Kleenex, and Honda are sometimes used as the generic name for different brand of these types of
products O Grady et. al, 1989: 138. O Grady et. al also stated that it is possible to create the new words from the brand names. It means that a brand name that is
widely used can be accepted as a general terms
3. Theory of Noun Categories
Traditionally, there are three distinctions of nouns. The first distinction is concrete nouns and abstract nouns. Abstract noun is broadly and immaterial, like
warmth, meanwhile concrete noun is broadly and tangible, like bottle. Quirk et. al, 1980: 60
The second distinction is common nouns and proper nouns. Common nouns are the names of general item, such as book, water, pen, and hat.
Meanwhile, proper nouns are names of specific people , places, country, and so
forth Quirk et. al, 1980: 76. For example, words such as Joe, Yogyakarta, and Indonesia are proper nouns.
For the third distinction, there are two categories of noun, which are countable nouns and uncountable nouns. Countable nouns are nouns that must be
seen as individual countable entities and cannot be viewed as an undifferentiated mass, for instance, the words bottle, book, cake, and car. Meanwhile, uncountable
nouns are nouns that can be seen as undifferentiated mass or continuum. For instance, words like idea, sugar, water, and air are non-count noun. Countable
nouns and uncountable nouns can be differentiated by quantifier, such as a little and much which can only be used by the uncountable nouns, and each, several
and many which can only be used by the countable nouns Quirk et. al, 1980: 59 - 76.
Azar 1989: 206 gave some examples of uncountable nouns. She stated that the non-count nouns can be whole groups made up of similar items, fluids,
solids, gases, particles, abstractions, languages, field of study, recreation, general activities, and natural phenomena. The examples of whole group made up of
similar items are clothing, equipment, and food. The examples of fluids are the coffee, the tea, water, and milk. The examples of solids are ice, bread, butter, and
silver. The examples of gasses are air, oxygen, hydrogen, and smoke. The examples of particles are rice and dust. The examples of abstractions are idea,
beauty, and grammar. The examples of languages are Indonesian, English, Japanese, and French. The examples of fields of study are chemistry, economics,
mathematics, and linguistics. The examples of recreation are basketball, football,
and baseball. The examples of general activities are playing, reading, writing, watching, and other gerunds. The examples of natural phenomena are weather,
fog, and humidity.
4. Theory of Meaning
