= 12 – -8.75
4.11 = 20.75
4.11 = 5.05
At the last calculation, finally t
o
t observation was obtained that is 5.05. This result of t
o
will be compared with t-
table.
The interpretation of t
o
will be explained in the test of hypothesis.
C. Test of Hypothesis
The writer assumes there is significance between the result of teaching reading using pre-reading activity and without pre-reading activity. But before
that the writer wants to explain the procedure to the interpretation of t
o
t observation.
1. Formulating the null hypothesis H
o
: there are no significance differences between variable X and variable Y.
2. Formulating the alternative hypothesis H
a
: there are significance differences between variable X and variable Y.
For further information, the writer followed some assumption as follow: 1.
If the result of calculation t
o
t observation is higher than t
t
t table, t
o
t
t
, the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. It means that the experiment technique is accepted.
2. If the result of calculation t
o
t observation is lower than t
t
t table, t
o
t
t
, the null hypothesis H
o
is accepted and alternative hypothesis H
a
is rejected. It means that the experiment technique is rejected.
According to the statistic calculation, it is obtained the value of t
o
is 5.05 and the degree of freedom df is 38 obtaining from:
df = N1 + N2
– 2
= 20 + 20 – 2
= 38 Because the value of 38 is not mentioned in table, the writer used the closest
to 38 which is 40 as degree of freedom. The writer gained t
table
: Degree of significant 5 is 2.02
Degree of significant 1 is 2.71 In the table significance, it can be seen that on the df = 38 and in the
degree of significance 5 and 1 the value of degree of significance is 2.02 and 2.71. By comparing the value t
o
is bigger than t
t
, that is 2.025.052.71, so the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted and null hypothesis H
o
is rejected. It means that there is significance between the results after teaching reading through
pre-reading activity at the first grade students of SMA Darussalam Ciputat.
D. Data Interpretation
The mean of pre-test score of experiment class is lower than the mean pre-test of controlled class. Mean of experiment class is 61and mean of controlled
class is 66.75. Comparing with the post-test score, the mean of experiment class is 73 and the mean of controlled class is 58. The writer compares the pre-test score
with post-test score. It showed that the experiment class has more improvement than controlled class, which is 12 points. While in controlled class, the score
decreased up to 8.75 points. It means that pre-reading activity is effective in enhancing students‟ comprehension in reading.
In this research, there were 20 students in experimental group and also 20 students in control group. Therefore, the degree of freedom df is 20+20
– 2 = 38 and the critical value with the df 38 on the degree of significance 1 is 2.71
and 5 is 2.02. The result of the statistic calculation indicated that the value of t
o
= 5.05 and the value of df degree of freedom was 38 on degree of significance of 5
and 1 is 2.02 and 2.71. Comparing t
o=
5.05 with each values of the degree of significance, the writer finds that t
o=
5.05 is higher than the degree of significance
5= 2.02 and 1= 2.71. Therefore, t
o
is higher than t-table which the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected and alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted. Since t
o
score in the table is higher that t-
table
score obtained from the result of calculating, so the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted and the null hypothesis H
o
is rejected. It is concluded that there was significant difference between teaching recount text using pre-reading activity and without using pre-
reading activity. It means that pre-reading activity gives positive influence on students‟ reading comprehension in reading recount text at the first grade X3 of
SMA Darussalam Ciputat Tangerang Selatan in the academic year of 20132014. Based on the analysis of the result above, it can be interpreted that
teaching reading through pre-reading activity can enhance the students‟
comprehension in reading recount text. According to Willis, the goals of pre- reading are to give students an overview of the topic, book, or story to be read so
they can develop mental templates upon which to pattern the new information. Moreover, Wilson and Richard report that
t
he goals of pre-reading stage are to activate or build the stude
nts‟ knowledge of the subject, to provide any language preparation that might be needed for coping with the passage, and, finally, to
motivate the learners want to read the text. The writer found that the students in experimental class more interesting to read the text, because they had already had
background knowledge of the text. They are not only given reading comprehension test, but also they are involved the interested phases before
answering the comprehension test. The students were eager in answering the reading comprehension test. As the pre-reading activities have advantages to
increase the students‟ interest in reading the text, therefore they comprehend the text easily. Pre-reading activities increase their achievement in their reading skill.
42
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
The students‟ problem in comprehending reading text is caused by lack of knowledge of the text. It was because they do not have background knowledge
about the text. Thus, the teachers do not attract the students‟ interest to read. To
attract the students‟ interest in reading, the writer applied pre-reading activities in teaching reading skill. The pre-reading activities gave many chances to the
students to prepare themselves before reading the text. Based on the research carried out in first grade at SMA Darussalam
academic year 20132014, it concluded that pre-reading activity is effective to enhance the learner
s‟ reading skill. Using pre-reading activity has a great and positive influence in teaching reading. The students who are taught using the pre-
reading activities have higher score than the students taught without pre-reading activity.
Pre- reading activity can improve students‟ reading comprehension in SMA
Darussalam Ciputat. Based on the experiment, it was known that there is significance difference between the score of the students who are taught using
pre-reading activity. It was proved by the research findings. The result of statistic calculation indicated that the value of t
o
= 5.05 and the value of df degree of freedom was 38 on degree of significance of 5 and 1 is 2.02 and 2.71.
Comparing the t
o
with each values of the degrees of significance, the writer finds that 2.025.052.71. Therefore, t
o
is higher that t-
table
., it can be concluded that the alternative hypothesis H
a
is accepted and null hypothesis H
o
is rejected. Therefore it could be said that the pre-reading activities is effective in
teaching recount text. It can be seen from the research findings that the students show their improvement in reading.
B. Suggestion
The writer would like to give some suggestion that might be useful for teachers and students, as follow:
