Aspects of Reading LITERATURE REVIEW

2. AdvantagesDisadvantages of Extrinsic Motivation in Reading

Extrinsic motivation more readily produces behavior changes and typically involve relatively little effort or preparation. Generally applicable to all individuals in the group. May consist of tangible or intangible rewards in reading. If the students do not like to read, they will read by their extrinsic motivation because they want to get best score then increasing their achievement. Those are the advantages of extrinsic motivation in reading. Beside that, there are some disadvantages related to this research. Extrinsic motivation often does not work over the long term; once the rewards or punishments are removed, students tend to lose their motivation. In the classroom setting, students who are extrinsically motivated tend to apply only the minimum behavioral and cognitive effort needed to execute the task at hand. It also can distract students from learning the subject at hand, only learning the minimal amount necessary to achieve desired rewards or avoid punishment.

2.11. Theoretical Assumption

Based on the literature review above, the researcher assumed that the students who have intrinsic and extrinsic motivation have significant differences in their reading comprehension. The differences were influenced by their motivation. The researcher focused on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation is a motivation as incentives, which originates within the behavior itself. Intrinsic motivation as the reasons for enjoyment and gain knowledge in learning English especially in reading. On the other hand, extrinsic motivation stems from positive or negative reinforcement which is external to the behavior itself rather than inherent in it, for instance studying to get good scores most because of studying is enjoyable. If the learners have motivation in learning English by reading texts for example, they may comprehend a reading text more easily and may become effective readers. Thus, it may improve their reading comprehension.

2.12. Hypothesis

Based on theorethical assumption, the hypotheses proposed in this research can be formulated as follows: 1. H Null hypothesis : There is no significant difference between students who have intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in reading comprehension at SMAN 7 Bandar Lampung. H 1 Alternative hypothesis : There is a significant difference between students who have intrinsic and extrinsic motivation in reading comprehension at SMAN 7 Bandar Lampung. 2. H Null hypothesis : Group of students with extrinsic motivation achieve better reading comprehension. H 1 Alternative hypothesis : Group of students with intrinsic motivation achieve better reading comprehension. The explanation of research has been discussed. It was including the previous related researches, concept of motivation, classification of motivation, intrinsic