second important=2 or the inverse ranking the least important = 1, next least important = 2 etc. The Inverse ranking was applied to these factors.
In ranking method, every criterion under consideration is ranked in the order of the decision maker’s preference. To generate criterion values for each
evaluation unit, each factor was weighted according to the estimated significance for most potential for oil palm plantations and pairwise comparison method to
determine the weights for the criteria. This method involves the comparison of the criteria after criteria is assigned, and then conducted some procedure to make
numeric weighting form available ranking information. One method used for this study is rank sum.
The formula of Rank sum is:
Where W
j
are normalization weighting for the criteria j, n to the number of considered criteria k=1,2,…,n and r
j
are importance criteria rank Malczewski 1999. The purpose from criteria weighted is to express the level interest based on
the value that is given by decision maker. Interest weighting to calculate the criteria is depending on:
Interest variation range change to criteria calculation
Degree of interest difference to variation of this range Kirkwood in
Malczewsky 1999.
2.4 Oil Palm and Potential Land Suitability
Oil palm is a plant that originally grew wild in the forests, but now it is cultivated. Palm oil plantations require good environmental conditions to be able
to grow and produce optimally. Climatic conditions and soil are the main factors
for the growth of oil palm. Oil palm can be grown successfully if in accordance
with the terms grow that desired as seen in Table 1.
Table 1 Growing requirements of oil palm plantations
Requirement Class of land suitability
S1 S2
S3 N
Temperature C 25 - 28
22 - 25 or 28 - 32
20 - 22 or 32 - 35
20 or 35 Annual
Rainfall mm 1700 - 2500
1450 - 1700 or 2500 - 3500
1250-1450 or 3500- 4000
1250 or 4000
Slope 8
8 - 16 16 - 30
30 Soil Type
Sandy clay loam Loam, sandy loam
Sandy loam Sand
Source: Ministry of Agricultural. Description:
S1 = Highly suitable S2 = Moderately Suitable
S3 = Marginally Suitable N = Not Suitable
According to FAO land suitability classification is divided into four classes, namely:
• Class S1, Highly Suitable: Land has no significant limitations to sustained application of a given use. It may include minor limitations that will not
reduce productivity, benefits or cost below the lower boundary set for the class.
• Class S2, Moderately Suitable: Land has limitations that in aggregate are moderately severe for sustained application of given use. The limitations
may reduce physical productivity, benefits or cost compared with S1 land to a lower limit set for the class.
• Class S3, Marginally Suitable: Land has limitations which in aggregate are severe for sustained application of given use and will so reduce physical
productivity, benefits or cost that the expenditure will only be marginally justified.
• Class N, Not Suitable as the range of inputs required is unjustifiable.
II. METHODOLOGY
3.1 Time and Location
This research was conducted from March to June 2011 including the data preparation, data processing, and developing method. The processing of this data
was being conducted in the laboratory of MIT IPB SEAMEO BIOTROP, Bogor. The study site in this research is in Musi Banyuasin Regency, located at 1.3°
- 4
o
S, 103° - 105
o
E. The total area is ± 14,265.96 km² or 1,426,596 Ha, the
annual mean minimum and maximum temperature is 23,4° C and 31,7° C; and the mean humidity is 75 – 89 BAPPEDA, Musi Banyuasin. 2010.
Figure 3 Map of Musi Banyuasin regency
3.2 Data and Tools Requirements 3.2.1 Data Needs
The data in this research came from several sources. Some information were collected by conducting an interview, questionnaire and discussion with
expert from Plantation Office, BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin Regency and Assessment Institute for Agricultural Technology BPTP South Sumatra
Province. They have a good knowledge and experience in the study area. Things discussed with experts were concept and procedure of land suitability evaluation,
and implementation of spatial multi criteria evaluation in land evaluation. Spatial data and literature were gathered from several institutions, based on
field survey of previous research. The data consist of vector or raster format and non spatial data. Description of type and sources of spatial data is given in Table
2. Table 2 Type and sources of spatial data
Data Data Format
Scale Sources
Landuse Map Shapefile
1 : 250.000 BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin
Administration Boundary Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin Digital Elevation
Model Slope Map Grid Data
Format 30 x 30 m
Downloaded from G-TOPO
http:eros.usgs.gov Spatial Plan Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin Soil Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BBSDLP Temperature Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BMKG Rainfall Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BMKG Road Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin River Map
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin Oil Palm Factory
Shapefile 1 : 250.000
BAPPEDA Musi Banyuasin and Ground Truth
