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friends who are the students of English Language and Literature to check the data. In addition, the researcher also discussed her analysis with her first and second thesis
consultants to get suggestions and inputs related to the analysis.
G. Analytical Construct
Table 3. The Analytical Construct of the Data for Charlie’s Failure in the Fifth Stage of Erikson’s Psychosocial Development
Category Definition Indicators
Identity Diffusion
Identity diffusion is when an individual lack of self-
definition and direction of life.
a. Acute Upset: Charlie suddenly feels
extreme regret on something he just done and it leads him to get deep
sadness.
b. The inability to concentrate: Charlie
loses his focus every time he remembers something that irritates his
feeling.
c. The excessive of self-awareness:
Charlie evaluates and compares himself as a person who is not as good, as
intelligent, and as attractive as other people.
d. The inability to make a decision:
Charlie cannot make a correct decision in facing many possible choices that
must be choose in his life.
Identity Foreclosure
Identity foreclosure is when parents and society
play the most important role to influence an
individual in making decision in order to gain
their self-identity. An individual also do not
exploring more opinion while gaining their
identity. a.
Interruption of exploring self-potential: Charlie does not consider himself as a
potential person.
b. Premature establishment of a sense of
identity: Charlie unconsciously giving and receiving judgment on himself
which contributes to his definition of self.
c. Excessive involvement of parents:
Charlie is influenced and controlled by
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his parents in making a choice in his life.
Negative Identity
Negative Identity
Negative identity is when an individual showing
the opposite act or behavior that is not
expected by his family and social rules.
a. Performance of undesirable choice of
an action to gain an acceptable identity. b.
A denial action toward the rule in family.
Table 2. The Analytical Construct of the Data for the Impacts of Charlie’s Failure toward His Personality
Category Definition
Indicators
Intimacy Individuals’ readiness to
engage with the society, build more intimate
relationship, and productive in work.
a. Participation in groups: Charlie begins
to share and join with larger interaction in groups.
b. Encouragement in a worthless
relationship: Charlie establishes a relationship with others without true
fusion.
Isolation Individual unable
to enjoy hisher
responsibilities as adult to play a part in society
and cannot achieve an intimate relationship with
other sex. a.
The feeling of loneliness: Charlie feels hopeless and unhappy because he does
not connect with other people.
b. Alienation: Charlie separates himself
from the environment around him in order to avoid problems in his life.
c. Depression: Charlie is haunted by the
very tired feeling of unpleasant memories he ever experience.
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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS
This research attempts to identify the failure of the psychosocial development of an adolescent that is portrayed in Chbosky’s The Perks of being A Wallflower.
Hence, the researcher only involves Charlie as the leading character that is assumed as an adolescent who experiences failures in his psychosocial
development. Erikson’s psychosocial development is employed to guide the researcher in answering the research objectives related to Charlie’s failures.
In this chapter, the researcher describes the findings of the research, which are divided into two sub-chapters. The first sub-chapter answers the first research
objective that is about Charlie’s failure in the fifth stage of Erikson’s psychosocial development. It is marked by three problems ascending in his psychosocial
moratorium, which are identity diffusion, identity foreclosure, and negative identity. The second sub-chapter answers the second research objective about the
impacts of Charlie’s failure toward his personality in the sixth stage, Intimacy vs. Isolation. In addition, the researcher also provides one part that explains the
traumatic experience and other supporting factors as the causes of Charlie’s failure in achieving his proper personality development.
A. Charlie’s Failure in the Fifth Stage
Erikson with his psychosocial development theory intends to say that human personality is highly influenced by the social and historical factors. It is in line
with Freist 2008: 249 who states that “in addition to elaborating on
