CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter contains information about the methodology used in this research. There are six parts in this chapter, which are research method, research
setting, research participants, instruments and data gathering technique, data analysis technique, and the last is research procedure.
3.1 Research Method
This part elaborates the methodology used in conducting this research. As written in the first chapter, this study deals with two formulated problems. The
first is how instructional writing materials using English movies for eighth graders of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta are designed and the second is what instructional
writing materials using English movies for eighth graders of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta look like.
Since the process of this research is to develop designed materials, this research is then categorized as Educational Research and Development R D.
Borg and Gall 1983 stated that Educational Research and Development RD is a process to develop and validate educational products.
There are ten steps of RD which are called RD cycle. Those steps are, research and information collecting, planning, developing preliminary form of
product, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
operational product revision, operational field testing, final product revision, and dissemination and implementation Borg Gall, 1983, p. 775. However, since
the focus of this research is to design an instructional materials without implementing to the real classroom, the researcher only used the first five steps of
RD cycle. Those five steps are as follows: 3.1.1
Conducting Research and Information Collecting
The first step of the R D cycle is the basis in conducting the research. In this first step, the researcher conducting observation and reviewing literature to
collect information and knowledge related to this research. As have been mentioned in Chapter One, the researcher already did an observation when having
teaching practice in SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta and found that the students needed an instructional material using creative media, especially in writing skill.
Furthermore, in order to get more information, the researcher also distributed questionnaire to eighty students of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta grade eighth and
conducted an interview to the English teacher of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta who taught the eighth grade students who also knew more about the students‟
needs and characteristics. 3.1.2
Planning
After collecting data and information, the researcher made a design plan which included stating goals, selecting topics and general purposes, and also
specifying the instructional objectives. The researcher made the lesson plan based on School-Based Curriculum 2006, which was used in the school.
3.1.3 Developing Preliminary Form of Product
After deciding the goals and purposes, the researcher developed the instructional materials, handbooks and evaluation devices. Here, the researcher
used Task-Based Learning in designing the materials. The researcher also picked some movies related to the students‟ interest which would be used in the designed
materials. The reseaarcher designed instructional writing materials using English movies for eighth grade students of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta.
3.1.4 Testing Preliminary Field
After finishing the designed materials, the researcher made a questionnaire in order to obtain the evaluation of the educational product. The questionnairre
was distributed to the English teachers of SMP BOPKRI 3 Yogyakarta. The researcher then got feedback and suggestions from those experts in order to
improve the designed materials. Further, the questionnaire results were used to revise the design materials to be a better one.
3.1.5 Main product Revision
Revising the instructional design is the last step of the design process. In this step, the researcher revised the main product based on the feedback and
suggestion gathered. The revision was intended to serve a proper instructional materials which can fulfil
the students‟ needs.
Those five steps of RD cycle above are connected to the seven steps of instructional design model by Morrison, et al 2011 which are used by the
researcher to design the instructional materials. The connection of those models can be seen in this figure :
Figure 3.1 The connection between Instructional Design Model by Morrison, et al 2011 and R D Cycle by Borg Gall 1983
Identify the Instructional Problems
Analyze the Learner and Context
Conduct the Task Analysis
Specify the Instructional Objectives
Select the Instructional Strategies
Develop the Instruction
Evaluate the Instruments
Research and Information
Collecting
Planning
Developing Preliminary Product
Preliminary Field Testing
Revision PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
3.2 Research Setting
