A STUDY ON MATH TEACHERS QUESTIONS USING ENGLISH AS A MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION AT SD MUHAMMADIYAH 4 BATU
JARGON USED BY FISHERMAN IN SAILING IN BANDARAN
VILLAGE OF PAMEKASAN MADURA
THESIS
By :
SYAIFUL BAHRI
09360206
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2013
JARGON USED BY FISHERMAN IN SAILING IN BANDARAN VILLAGE
OF PAMEKASAN MADURA
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana
Degree in English Education
By :
SYAIFUL BAHRI
09360206
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2013
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
“Dan di antara tanda-tanda kekuasaan-Nya ialah menciptakan
langit dan bumi dan berlain-lainan bahasamu dan warna kulitmu.
Sesungguhnya pada yang demikan itu benar-benar terdapat tandatanda bagi orang-orang yang mengetahui”.
(Q.S Ar ruum :22)
"Forget about all the reasons why something may not work. You
only need to find one good reason why it will."
Dr. Robert Anthony
DEDICATION:
I dedicated this thesis to :
My beloved parents Moh Amnan Syah and Hainonah Zubair
My beloved sister Sitti Mufarrohah
My lovely Pesek (Kodoks)
My friend kost 89a and D class 2009 periode
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah, the most beneficent and merciful who has given
the blessing and the guidance, so the writer can finish this thesis. Besides, Shalawat and
Salam be open our beloved Prophet Muhammad SAW who has brought us from the darkness
to the lightness and brought Islam as Rahmatan lil Alamin.
The writer, also would like to express the deepest gratitude and appreciation toward
all of the people who have helped and gave the motivation in completing this thesis. The
writer says gratitude to :
1. His first advisor, Hj. Fardini Sabilah, S. Pd. M Pd and his second advisor, Drs.
Taufiq Burhan M.Pd for their professional guidance, correction, suggestion during
finishing this thesis. Without their guidance, correction and suggestion this thesis
would has never finished well.
2. All of the English department lecturer who always given me a new knowledge.
3. His beloved parents, Moh Amnan Syahruddin S. Pdi and Hainonah Zubair who
always give prayer, affection, support and motivation during writing this thesis.
4. His beloved sister Sitti Mufarrohah who always give prayer, affection in any time.
5. His beloved sweetie Pesek who always accompanies and patients in doing the thesis.
6. All of my friends kost 89A (Baer, mamat, mamet kalem, klebun etc), D class 2009
periode (Baim, Guntur, Eka etc) and Mad abu nawas Diyou for their encouragement,
love, care and pray so that he can finish this thesis.
7.
Finally, a special thank to M 4400 DI, HP laptop, Blackberry 9700 always
accompany the journey of my life.
Malang, July 31 , 2013
Syaiful Bahri
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL...............................................................................................................i
LEGALIZATION.....................................................................................................ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION...............................................................................iii
ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..........................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................vi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ........................................................................1
1.1 Background of Study .........................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of Problems ......................................................................................5
1.3 Purpose of Study ..............................................................................................6
1.4 Significant of Study ...........................................................................................6
1.5 Scope and Limitation .........................................................................................7
1.6 Definition of Key Terms ...................................................................................7
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ..............................9
2.1 Sociolinguistics ................................................................................................9
2.2 Speech Community .........................................................................................10
2.3 Language and Social Context ........................................................................11
2.4 Language Varieties ........................................................................................12
2.4.1 Dialect .............................................................................................13
2.4.2 Accent ............................................................................................13
2.4.3 Slang ................................................................................................14
2.4.4 Colloquial ........................................................................................14
2.4.5 Register ...........................................................................................14
2.4.6 Pidgin .............................................................................................15
2.4.7 Creole ..............................................................................................15
2.4.8 Jargon ..............................................................................................15
2.5 Jargon ..............................................................................................................16
2.5.1 Types of Technical Words Processes ...............................................17
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................20
3.1 Research Design ..............................................................................................21
3.2 Subject of Study ..............................................................................................21
3.3 Research Instrument ........................................................................................21
3.3.1 Observation .......................................................................................22
3.3.2 Interview ..........................................................................................23
3.3.3 Documentation .................................................................................24
3.4 Data Collection ................................................................................................24
3.5 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................25
CHAPTER IV : FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ............................................27
4.1 Research Finding .............................................................................................27
4.1.1 Jargon used by Bandaran Fishermen ................................................27
4.1.2 The meaning of jargon used by Bandaran Fishermen ......................29
4.1.3 The types of technical word processes ............................................30
4.2 Discussion ........................................................................................................32
CHAPTER V :CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .....................................34
5.1 Conclusion ......................................................................................................34
5.2 Suggestion .......................................................................................................35
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
REFERENCES
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 2006. Forbidden words. Taboo and the
cencoring of language. First edition. Cambridge University Press
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction To Research In Education. Six Edition.
United States: Wods Worth Group
Astutik, Yuli. 2008. An Analysis On Jargon Used In Extravaganza Program
On Trans TV. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: UMM
Bogdan, Robert C & Biklen, Sari K.2006.Qualitative research for Education
An Introduction to Theory and Methods. United State:Person
Brown, H, Douglas, 2000. Principles of language Learning and Teaching,
Fourth Edition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Coultas, Amanda. 2003. Language and Social context. London and New York
Coupland, Nikolas & Jaworski, adam.1997. Modern: A reader and Course
Book: Macmillary Press UD
Endiarningsih, Yuli. 2007. The Study of Jargon Used In Ikatan Gaya Arema
(IGAMA) East Java. Unpublished Thesis. Malang.: UMM
Fromkin, Victoria and Robert Rodman. 2011.An Introduction to Language.
Ninth edition. New York: Wadsworth Cengage Learning
Holmes, Janet. 1991. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London and New
York: Longman
Jendra, M, I I. 2010. The Study of Societies Languages. Yogyakarta: Graha
Ilmu
Jonassen, H David. 2004. Handbook of Research on Educational
Communication and Technology. Second Edition. University of
Missouri
Mesthrie, R, Swann. J. Deumart. A. & Leap. W. L 2004. Introducing
Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Sugiyono. 2005. Statistik Untuk Penelitian. Bandung: Alpabeta.
Trask, R. L. 1999. Key Concepts in Language and Linguistics. First edition,
New York, Routledge
Wardhaugh, Ronald. 2006. An introduction to sociolinguistics. Blackwell
Publishing. Ltd
Yule, George. 1996. The study of language. New York: Cambridge University
Press
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter focuses on some discussions related to the background of the
study, statement of problems, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and
limitation, and definition of key terms.
1.1
Background of the Study
Coupland and Jaworski state that “Sociolinguistics is the study of language in
its social contexts and the study of social life through linguistics” (1997:1). Langauge
is a part of human needs, because it is used by human to fulfill their life need.
Wherever they go, they have to use language as a means to interact with others.
According to Wardhaugh (2006: 1) language is what the members of a particular
society speak. For example, two people growing up in the same geographical area, at
the same time, may speak differently because of a number of social factors. It is
important not to overlook this social aspect of language because, in many ways,
speech is a form of social identity and is used, consciously or unconsciously, to
indicate membership of different social groups or different speech communities.
Meanwhile, a speech community is a group of people who share a set of norms, rules
and expectations regarding the use of language, investigating language from this
perspective is known as sociolinguistics (Yule, 2010: 239).
1
2
Sociolinguistics is the field that studies the relation between language and
society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of
language live (Spolsky, 1998). Besides, Jendra stated that sociolinguistics is a branch
of linguistics that takes language as an object of study, in a way that is usually
distinguished from how syntax, semantics, morphology, and phonology handle it
(2010: 9). It is a field that analyzes language as part of social property. The study
explores the functions and the varieties of language, the contacts between different
languages, attitudes of people towards language use and users, changes of language,
as well as plans on language.
As far as we know language has many varieties. Holmes (1991) states that
language varies according to its uses as well as its users. According to where it is
used and to whom. As well as according to who is using it. We can list more than
3000 languages which are used by human being in this world. Respectively, the
variety of language occurs in society due to several factors such as different social
status, different profession, age and gender. Brown (2000:261) stated that truckers,
airline pilots, salespersons, and farmers, for example, use words and phrases unique
to their own group. In other word, the differences of language cause language
variation. Language variation is the existence of observable differences in the way a
language is used in a speech community. Futhermore, Trask (1999:333) states that the
development of language is influenced by the society itself and creates many kinds of
language variations, they are dialect, registers, slang, colloquial, vernacular, accent,
3
pidgin, argot, and jargon. In this study, the writer intends to discuss one of those
language variations, that is jargon. Jendra (2010:28) classifies the language variety
into eleven points they are : individual and societal language varieties, regional and
temporal language varieties, native and non-native language varieties, spoken and
written language varieties, formal and informal language varieties, standard and nonstandard language varieties, upper and lower-class language varieties, women and
men‟s language varieties, restricted and elaborated language varieties, ethnic
language varieties, professional-field-language varieties, and secret language
varieties.
According to Allan and Burridge (2006) jargon is a lexically specialized
technical terms for certain profession or group which are used in both written or
spoken usually used among people who share a common specialized terms, habits of
word usage, and form of expression. On the other hand, Fromkin and Rodman (2003)
state that jargon is a set of words that is used in conceivable science, profession, trade
and occupation. Usually the groups in society use jargon to have their own specific
language. Therefore, they can give a person a sense of belonging to a specific group.
In other words, some groups use jargon in order to show their identity.
Jargon has particular characteristics in communication. These language
phenomena are intentionally created to mean certain meaning. In this case, jargon is
one of the language variations based on the profession, which is used by community
4
of people for specific and certain situation or place. For example, teachers have
specific terms that differ from specific terms used by police.
According to Yule (2010:245) in social context, jargons help to connect those
who see themselves as „insiders‟ in some way and to exclude „outsider‟. All of people
who have different occupation also have specific language or terms in their own
community. For example, teacher, police, soldier, doctor, driver, fishermen and so on.
Meanwhile, fisherman whose job is to catch fish in the sea also has specific terms
when they work in the sea or join their community. For example, in this present study
Bandaran fisherman, they do not only use the jargons when they catch fish in the sea,
but also when they are in sailing process. Besides, the specific terms that they use is
called jargon. In addition, Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan is one of fisherman
community who use jargons in their communication.
Bandaran is the name of an area where the majority of the people live as
fisherman. This area not far from Bandaran harbor where they catch fish. Bandaran is
one of the sub district‟s name in Pamekasan. In this area, catching fish is their daily
activities. In catching the fish they have specific terms that are used to communicate
and interact with their community especially in sailing.
In this study, the writer is interested to analyze the jargon used by fisherman
especially Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan. In this case, Bandaran fisherman use
specific terms or jargon when they interact with their community especially in sailing.
5
The previous research done by Endiarningsih (2007), investigated jargon used
in Ikatan Gaya Arema (IGAMA) East Java. Her research finding show that some
jargons become part of vocabulary of the language of the areas where the members of
IGAMA live. Jargon fills in the gap in the area of language usage, which is not
covered by the standard language or the dialect. By using jargon, people feel different
from the others and they feel more confident in their speech community.
Besides, the use of jargon language by Bandaran fishermen has never been
researched before. This research deserves to be conducted because it can give new
nuance for research world in the field of sociolinguistics. The jargon used by
fisherman is selected by the writer as research object with consideration that most
East Java‟s fisherman intensively use it.
The writer focuses the study on jargon used by fishermen in sailing in Bandaran
village of Pamekasan Madura because their conversation using jargon are very unique
and different from the other speech community. It is proved that not all of the other
language users understand the jargon.
1.2
Statement of the Problems
Considering the points discussed in the background of the study, the problem
that will be investigated are formulated as follows:
1.
What jargons are used by the fishermen in sailing in Bandaran village of
Pamekasan Madura ?
6
2.
What are the meaning of the jargons used by the fishermen in sailing in
Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura ?
3.
What are the types of technical words processes used by the fisherman in
sailing in Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura ?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The writer states the purpose of this study in order to achieve a good result.
The purposes of this study are:
1.
to know the jargons used by the fisherman in sailing in Bandaran village of
Pamekasan Madura.
2.
to analyze the jargons used by the fisherman in sailing in Bandaran village
of Pamekasan Madura.
3.
to identify the type of technical words processes used by the fisherman in
sailing in Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura.
1.4
Significance of the Study
This section explains about the importance of this study. In writing this study,
the writer hopes the expected result. In this case, this study can give advantages such
as:
7
1.
For students, this study can give additional sources and information for
studying sociolinguistic especially jargon. Besides, this study can be the
motivation for doing the next research about jargon on others field.
2.
For lecturers, this study can give additional references for teaching
sociolinguistic especially related with language variation in society.
3.
For the reader generally, can give the additional information about jargon
used by fisherman especially Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan Madura.
4.
For the writer, this study can give the new knowledge about jargon used by
fisherman related with the research he does.
1.5
Scope and Limitation
In conducting this study, the researcher discuses about sociolinguistic that is
about jargon used by fisherman. Meanwhile, the writer focuses on jargon used by
fisherman in Bandaran Pamekasan Madura. In this case, the writer finds out the
jargon used by them based on what they say and what they do.
1.6
Definition of Key Terms
In order to understand and to avoid misunderstanding on the concept of this
study, it is given short explanation of essential terms, as follows:
1.
An analysis: the study we do in order to figure out what to do (Rossett and
Sheldon :2001).
2.
Jargon: a lexically specialized technical terms for certain profession or
group which are used in both written or spoken usually used among people
8
who share a common specialized terms, habits of word usage, and form of
expression (Allan & Burridge, 2006).
3.
Bandaran: the small village that is located in Pamekasan Madura East
Java
4.
Fisherman: a person who fishes for sport or for living.
5.
Social Context: how we use language to relate to other people within our
communities (Coultas, 2003, 4).
VILLAGE OF PAMEKASAN MADURA
THESIS
By :
SYAIFUL BAHRI
09360206
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2013
JARGON USED BY FISHERMAN IN SAILING IN BANDARAN VILLAGE
OF PAMEKASAN MADURA
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana
Degree in English Education
By :
SYAIFUL BAHRI
09360206
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
JULY 2013
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
“Dan di antara tanda-tanda kekuasaan-Nya ialah menciptakan
langit dan bumi dan berlain-lainan bahasamu dan warna kulitmu.
Sesungguhnya pada yang demikan itu benar-benar terdapat tandatanda bagi orang-orang yang mengetahui”.
(Q.S Ar ruum :22)
"Forget about all the reasons why something may not work. You
only need to find one good reason why it will."
Dr. Robert Anthony
DEDICATION:
I dedicated this thesis to :
My beloved parents Moh Amnan Syah and Hainonah Zubair
My beloved sister Sitti Mufarrohah
My lovely Pesek (Kodoks)
My friend kost 89a and D class 2009 periode
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise be to Allah, the most beneficent and merciful who has given
the blessing and the guidance, so the writer can finish this thesis. Besides, Shalawat and
Salam be open our beloved Prophet Muhammad SAW who has brought us from the darkness
to the lightness and brought Islam as Rahmatan lil Alamin.
The writer, also would like to express the deepest gratitude and appreciation toward
all of the people who have helped and gave the motivation in completing this thesis. The
writer says gratitude to :
1. His first advisor, Hj. Fardini Sabilah, S. Pd. M Pd and his second advisor, Drs.
Taufiq Burhan M.Pd for their professional guidance, correction, suggestion during
finishing this thesis. Without their guidance, correction and suggestion this thesis
would has never finished well.
2. All of the English department lecturer who always given me a new knowledge.
3. His beloved parents, Moh Amnan Syahruddin S. Pdi and Hainonah Zubair who
always give prayer, affection, support and motivation during writing this thesis.
4. His beloved sister Sitti Mufarrohah who always give prayer, affection in any time.
5. His beloved sweetie Pesek who always accompanies and patients in doing the thesis.
6. All of my friends kost 89A (Baer, mamat, mamet kalem, klebun etc), D class 2009
periode (Baim, Guntur, Eka etc) and Mad abu nawas Diyou for their encouragement,
love, care and pray so that he can finish this thesis.
7.
Finally, a special thank to M 4400 DI, HP laptop, Blackberry 9700 always
accompany the journey of my life.
Malang, July 31 , 2013
Syaiful Bahri
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL...............................................................................................................i
LEGALIZATION.....................................................................................................ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION...............................................................................iii
ABSTRACT..............................................................................................................iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..........................................................................................v
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................vi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ........................................................................1
1.1 Background of Study .........................................................................................1
1.2 Statement of Problems ......................................................................................5
1.3 Purpose of Study ..............................................................................................6
1.4 Significant of Study ...........................................................................................6
1.5 Scope and Limitation .........................................................................................7
1.6 Definition of Key Terms ...................................................................................7
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ..............................9
2.1 Sociolinguistics ................................................................................................9
2.2 Speech Community .........................................................................................10
2.3 Language and Social Context ........................................................................11
2.4 Language Varieties ........................................................................................12
2.4.1 Dialect .............................................................................................13
2.4.2 Accent ............................................................................................13
2.4.3 Slang ................................................................................................14
2.4.4 Colloquial ........................................................................................14
2.4.5 Register ...........................................................................................14
2.4.6 Pidgin .............................................................................................15
2.4.7 Creole ..............................................................................................15
2.4.8 Jargon ..............................................................................................15
2.5 Jargon ..............................................................................................................16
2.5.1 Types of Technical Words Processes ...............................................17
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ..........................................20
3.1 Research Design ..............................................................................................21
3.2 Subject of Study ..............................................................................................21
3.3 Research Instrument ........................................................................................21
3.3.1 Observation .......................................................................................22
3.3.2 Interview ..........................................................................................23
3.3.3 Documentation .................................................................................24
3.4 Data Collection ................................................................................................24
3.5 Data Analysis ..................................................................................................25
CHAPTER IV : FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ............................................27
4.1 Research Finding .............................................................................................27
4.1.1 Jargon used by Bandaran Fishermen ................................................27
4.1.2 The meaning of jargon used by Bandaran Fishermen ......................29
4.1.3 The types of technical word processes ............................................30
4.2 Discussion ........................................................................................................32
CHAPTER V :CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .....................................34
5.1 Conclusion ......................................................................................................34
5.2 Suggestion .......................................................................................................35
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
REFERENCES
Allan, Keith and Kate Burridge. 2006. Forbidden words. Taboo and the
cencoring of language. First edition. Cambridge University Press
Ary, Donald. 2002. Introduction To Research In Education. Six Edition.
United States: Wods Worth Group
Astutik, Yuli. 2008. An Analysis On Jargon Used In Extravaganza Program
On Trans TV. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: UMM
Bogdan, Robert C & Biklen, Sari K.2006.Qualitative research for Education
An Introduction to Theory and Methods. United State:Person
Brown, H, Douglas, 2000. Principles of language Learning and Teaching,
Fourth Edition. New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc.
Coultas, Amanda. 2003. Language and Social context. London and New York
Coupland, Nikolas & Jaworski, adam.1997. Modern: A reader and Course
Book: Macmillary Press UD
Endiarningsih, Yuli. 2007. The Study of Jargon Used In Ikatan Gaya Arema
(IGAMA) East Java. Unpublished Thesis. Malang.: UMM
Fromkin, Victoria and Robert Rodman. 2011.An Introduction to Language.
Ninth edition. New York: Wadsworth Cengage Learning
Holmes, Janet. 1991. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. London and New
York: Longman
Jendra, M, I I. 2010. The Study of Societies Languages. Yogyakarta: Graha
Ilmu
Jonassen, H David. 2004. Handbook of Research on Educational
Communication and Technology. Second Edition. University of
Missouri
Mesthrie, R, Swann. J. Deumart. A. & Leap. W. L 2004. Introducing
Sociolinguistics. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
Sugiyono. 2005. Statistik Untuk Penelitian. Bandung: Alpabeta.
Trask, R. L. 1999. Key Concepts in Language and Linguistics. First edition,
New York, Routledge
Wardhaugh, Ronald. 2006. An introduction to sociolinguistics. Blackwell
Publishing. Ltd
Yule, George. 1996. The study of language. New York: Cambridge University
Press
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter focuses on some discussions related to the background of the
study, statement of problems, purpose of study, significance of study, scope and
limitation, and definition of key terms.
1.1
Background of the Study
Coupland and Jaworski state that “Sociolinguistics is the study of language in
its social contexts and the study of social life through linguistics” (1997:1). Langauge
is a part of human needs, because it is used by human to fulfill their life need.
Wherever they go, they have to use language as a means to interact with others.
According to Wardhaugh (2006: 1) language is what the members of a particular
society speak. For example, two people growing up in the same geographical area, at
the same time, may speak differently because of a number of social factors. It is
important not to overlook this social aspect of language because, in many ways,
speech is a form of social identity and is used, consciously or unconsciously, to
indicate membership of different social groups or different speech communities.
Meanwhile, a speech community is a group of people who share a set of norms, rules
and expectations regarding the use of language, investigating language from this
perspective is known as sociolinguistics (Yule, 2010: 239).
1
2
Sociolinguistics is the field that studies the relation between language and
society, between the uses of language and the social structures in which the users of
language live (Spolsky, 1998). Besides, Jendra stated that sociolinguistics is a branch
of linguistics that takes language as an object of study, in a way that is usually
distinguished from how syntax, semantics, morphology, and phonology handle it
(2010: 9). It is a field that analyzes language as part of social property. The study
explores the functions and the varieties of language, the contacts between different
languages, attitudes of people towards language use and users, changes of language,
as well as plans on language.
As far as we know language has many varieties. Holmes (1991) states that
language varies according to its uses as well as its users. According to where it is
used and to whom. As well as according to who is using it. We can list more than
3000 languages which are used by human being in this world. Respectively, the
variety of language occurs in society due to several factors such as different social
status, different profession, age and gender. Brown (2000:261) stated that truckers,
airline pilots, salespersons, and farmers, for example, use words and phrases unique
to their own group. In other word, the differences of language cause language
variation. Language variation is the existence of observable differences in the way a
language is used in a speech community. Futhermore, Trask (1999:333) states that the
development of language is influenced by the society itself and creates many kinds of
language variations, they are dialect, registers, slang, colloquial, vernacular, accent,
3
pidgin, argot, and jargon. In this study, the writer intends to discuss one of those
language variations, that is jargon. Jendra (2010:28) classifies the language variety
into eleven points they are : individual and societal language varieties, regional and
temporal language varieties, native and non-native language varieties, spoken and
written language varieties, formal and informal language varieties, standard and nonstandard language varieties, upper and lower-class language varieties, women and
men‟s language varieties, restricted and elaborated language varieties, ethnic
language varieties, professional-field-language varieties, and secret language
varieties.
According to Allan and Burridge (2006) jargon is a lexically specialized
technical terms for certain profession or group which are used in both written or
spoken usually used among people who share a common specialized terms, habits of
word usage, and form of expression. On the other hand, Fromkin and Rodman (2003)
state that jargon is a set of words that is used in conceivable science, profession, trade
and occupation. Usually the groups in society use jargon to have their own specific
language. Therefore, they can give a person a sense of belonging to a specific group.
In other words, some groups use jargon in order to show their identity.
Jargon has particular characteristics in communication. These language
phenomena are intentionally created to mean certain meaning. In this case, jargon is
one of the language variations based on the profession, which is used by community
4
of people for specific and certain situation or place. For example, teachers have
specific terms that differ from specific terms used by police.
According to Yule (2010:245) in social context, jargons help to connect those
who see themselves as „insiders‟ in some way and to exclude „outsider‟. All of people
who have different occupation also have specific language or terms in their own
community. For example, teacher, police, soldier, doctor, driver, fishermen and so on.
Meanwhile, fisherman whose job is to catch fish in the sea also has specific terms
when they work in the sea or join their community. For example, in this present study
Bandaran fisherman, they do not only use the jargons when they catch fish in the sea,
but also when they are in sailing process. Besides, the specific terms that they use is
called jargon. In addition, Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan is one of fisherman
community who use jargons in their communication.
Bandaran is the name of an area where the majority of the people live as
fisherman. This area not far from Bandaran harbor where they catch fish. Bandaran is
one of the sub district‟s name in Pamekasan. In this area, catching fish is their daily
activities. In catching the fish they have specific terms that are used to communicate
and interact with their community especially in sailing.
In this study, the writer is interested to analyze the jargon used by fisherman
especially Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan. In this case, Bandaran fisherman use
specific terms or jargon when they interact with their community especially in sailing.
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The previous research done by Endiarningsih (2007), investigated jargon used
in Ikatan Gaya Arema (IGAMA) East Java. Her research finding show that some
jargons become part of vocabulary of the language of the areas where the members of
IGAMA live. Jargon fills in the gap in the area of language usage, which is not
covered by the standard language or the dialect. By using jargon, people feel different
from the others and they feel more confident in their speech community.
Besides, the use of jargon language by Bandaran fishermen has never been
researched before. This research deserves to be conducted because it can give new
nuance for research world in the field of sociolinguistics. The jargon used by
fisherman is selected by the writer as research object with consideration that most
East Java‟s fisherman intensively use it.
The writer focuses the study on jargon used by fishermen in sailing in Bandaran
village of Pamekasan Madura because their conversation using jargon are very unique
and different from the other speech community. It is proved that not all of the other
language users understand the jargon.
1.2
Statement of the Problems
Considering the points discussed in the background of the study, the problem
that will be investigated are formulated as follows:
1.
What jargons are used by the fishermen in sailing in Bandaran village of
Pamekasan Madura ?
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2.
What are the meaning of the jargons used by the fishermen in sailing in
Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura ?
3.
What are the types of technical words processes used by the fisherman in
sailing in Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura ?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The writer states the purpose of this study in order to achieve a good result.
The purposes of this study are:
1.
to know the jargons used by the fisherman in sailing in Bandaran village of
Pamekasan Madura.
2.
to analyze the jargons used by the fisherman in sailing in Bandaran village
of Pamekasan Madura.
3.
to identify the type of technical words processes used by the fisherman in
sailing in Bandaran village of Pamekasan Madura.
1.4
Significance of the Study
This section explains about the importance of this study. In writing this study,
the writer hopes the expected result. In this case, this study can give advantages such
as:
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1.
For students, this study can give additional sources and information for
studying sociolinguistic especially jargon. Besides, this study can be the
motivation for doing the next research about jargon on others field.
2.
For lecturers, this study can give additional references for teaching
sociolinguistic especially related with language variation in society.
3.
For the reader generally, can give the additional information about jargon
used by fisherman especially Bandaran fisherman in Pamekasan Madura.
4.
For the writer, this study can give the new knowledge about jargon used by
fisherman related with the research he does.
1.5
Scope and Limitation
In conducting this study, the researcher discuses about sociolinguistic that is
about jargon used by fisherman. Meanwhile, the writer focuses on jargon used by
fisherman in Bandaran Pamekasan Madura. In this case, the writer finds out the
jargon used by them based on what they say and what they do.
1.6
Definition of Key Terms
In order to understand and to avoid misunderstanding on the concept of this
study, it is given short explanation of essential terms, as follows:
1.
An analysis: the study we do in order to figure out what to do (Rossett and
Sheldon :2001).
2.
Jargon: a lexically specialized technical terms for certain profession or
group which are used in both written or spoken usually used among people
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who share a common specialized terms, habits of word usage, and form of
expression (Allan & Burridge, 2006).
3.
Bandaran: the small village that is located in Pamekasan Madura East
Java
4.
Fisherman: a person who fishes for sport or for living.
5.
Social Context: how we use language to relate to other people within our
communities (Coultas, 2003, 4).