ResearchMethod Grammatical Errors found In Student Of English department’s Essay

28 e. “Meaning” isessential to thequalitativeapproach. Thedesign of thisresearch isdescriptivequalitativeresearch. Based on the fivecharacteristicsofqualitativeresearch asproposed byBodganandBilken,this research willshowthenatureofthesituation asitexistsat thetimeofthe collectingdataand willbe collectedin wordsform.

3.2. Populationand Sample

The population in this thesis is 20 students of English Department, because thewriter willdo aqualitativeresearch, so thewriter will choosesome samples,bypurposivesamplingtechnique.Thistechniquemakesthewritercan take thesamplewithaspecial consideration. Based on the characteristicsthatBodgan and Biklen propose, itcan besaid thatqualitativeresearchisnaturalisticresearch.LincolnandGuba1985say that “naturalisticsamplingis,then,very differentfromconventionalsampling.Itis basedoninformational,notstatistical, considerations.Its purposeis to maximize information,nottofacilitategeneralization”.LincolnandGubaalsosayspecial charactersof purposivesample are:1Emergentsampledesign, 2 Serialseection of sampe units, 3 Continuous adjustments, 4 selection to the point of redundancy.So,thesampleisdecidedwhentheresearcheror thewriterstartthe research.Thewriterchoosessomepeoplethatareconsideredwilgivethedata that thewriter need.Afterthat, from thosesamples,thewriterwill choose more peopleto besampleto givemorecompletedata.But,inpurposivesampling, samplesarechosenbyinformationconsideration.Further,LincolnandGubasay 2 “ifthepurposeisto maximizeinformation,thensampling isterminatedwhenno newinformation isforth comingfromnewlysamplesunits; thusredundancyisthe primarycriterion”. Sugiyono 2009:301-302.

3.3. LocationandTimeof Observation

TheobservationislocatedinareaofFaculty ofCulturalStudiesof SumateraUtara, JalanUniversitasNo.19 Medan.Thetakendatafrom20students who made textfree essay. Theobservation isheld on October – December 2014.

3.4. Data Collecting Method

Since the research is adescriptive qualitative research, the main instrumentofthisresearchisthewriterherselfasthekey humaninstrument. QuotedfromSugiono2009:306,LincolnandGuba1986say “theinstrument ofchoiceinnaturalisticinquiry isthehuman”.Itwillbeseenthatotherformsof instrumentationmay beusedinlaterphrasesoftheinquiry,butthehumanisthe initialandcontinuingmainstay.Therefore,thewriteraskey-humaninstrument hasfunction todecidethefocusofresearch,choosing thesamples, collecting the data, analyzingthedata, and makinga conclusion of theresearch’sresult. Azwar 1997:36 says, “Data penelitian dikumpulkan baik lewat instrumentpengumpulandata,observasi, maupunlewatdatadokumentasi.Data yang dikumpulkan mungkin berupa data primer, data sekunder, ataupun keduanya.”