Technique Development For Protecting Sengon From Ganoderma Infection
rukF=%
wP.7.02.07
Proceeding of lnternational Gonference on
The lmpacts of Glimate Ghange to Forest Pests and
Diseases in The Tropics
Editors :
Caroline Mohammed
Ghris Beadle
Jolanda Roux
Sri Rahayu
october dn- t dn,2o12
Faculty of Forestry Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, lndonesia
Proceeding of International Conference on
The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests
and Diseases in The Tropics
Editors:
Caroline Mohammed
Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, ALrstralia
Chris Beadle
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. Australia
Jolanda Roux
Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Sri Rahayu
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012
Proceeding of International Conference on
The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests and Diseases in The Tropics
October 8th - lo'h, 2ol2
Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2012
By Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
-;)'
Citation
:
Mohammed, C., Beadle,C., Roux, J., Rahayu, S. (eds.) 2012. Proceeding of
International Conference on The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests and
Diseases in The Tropics, October 8th - l0th, 2012, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published by Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jln. Agro No. l, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
ISBN : 9'tt 979 3896 17 5
Cover Design : Faozan Indresputra
Printed in Indonesia
CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE
vii
CONTENTS
ABBREVIATION
xi
THE CHALLENGES OFVIODELLING F'OREST PESTS INA CHANGING
CLIMATE
Caroline Mohammed. (Keynote Speaker)
EMERGING PESTSAND DTSEASES IN
S.S. Lee. (Keynote Speaker)
A REVIEW
DISEASES
IN
1-9
NEWAREAS
,:
t0-r
3
NURSERIES AND PLANTATIONS IN
THAILAND
Uthaiwan Sangwanit.
I4-20
APPRAISAL OF PEST AND DISEASES FOR FUTURE FOREST
PRODUCTIVITY IN BANGLADESH
M. Al-amin and S. Atiin.
21-28
WHY DOES THE JAPANESE OAK WILT OCCUR ONLY IN JAPAN?
Naoto Kamata, Hideaki Goto, KeikoHamaguchi, Hayato Masuya, Dai Kusumoto, 29-31
Toshihide Flirao, Wen-l Chou, Wiwat Suasa-Ard, Sawai Buranapanichpan,
Sopon Uraichuen, Oraphan Kern-Asa, Sunisa Sanguansub, Thu Pham Quang,
Sih Kahono, and Heddy Julistiono.
Ceratocystis sp. CAUSES CROWN WILT OF Acaciu spp. PLANTED IN
SOME ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF VIETNAM
Pham Quang Thu, Dang Nhu Quynh and Bernard Dell.
38-44
HEART ROT IN PLANTATION ACACIA HYBRID IN VIETNAM
T.T Trang, C. Beadle and C. Mohammed.
45-49
GALLRUST DISEASE AND GENETIC VARIATION OF
i
I
Fulcuturia moluccurtu IN INDONESIA
Sri Rahayu.
50-54
OCCURRENCE OF INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH Khayu ivorensis
(AFRICAN MAHOGANY) IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Richard Majapun, Ahmad Harun, Robert Ong and Chak
55-60
Chee Ving.
Proceeding of lnternational Conference on The irnpacts of Ciimaie Change
to Foresl Pests and Diseases in The Tropics
I ix
l0
THE LACEBIJG Tittgis beesoni DRAKE., A NEW Gmelina urboreu PEST
INDONIESIA
Puio Sumantoro" F'rida E. Astanti. and Deden Sylva
TN
11
D.
61-67
DEFOLIATORANDSTEMBORERATTACKONJABONOFDIFFEREI'IT
AGES AND PLANTED AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDES
Selvi Chelya Susanty and Noor Irarikhah Haneda.
68-73
12 WHITEFLTES (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) BREEDTNC
ON
Dulhergiu lutifbliu Roxb.IN SOUTH INDIA
R. Sundararaj,'f. G. Revathi, and K-P' Divya'
13 EMERGING
14-18
DISEASE PROBLEMS IN EUCALYPT PLANTATIONS IN
I,AO PDR
Paul A. Barber, Pham Q. Thu, Giles E. Hardy, and Bernard
14
15
Dell'
79-84
EMERGING INSECT PEST PROBLEMS ON INDIAN SAI''IDALWOOD
(surttulum album L.) UNDER ITS CULTIVATION, A CAUSE OF
CONCERN
R. Sundararaj, Rajamttthukrishnan and O. K. Remadevi-
85-92
Streblote lipora (LEPIDOPTERA: LASIOCAMPIDAE) OUTBREAK IN
SEVER.AL MANGROVE REHABILITATION SITES IN PENINSULAR
MALAYSIA
Ong, S.P., Che Salmah M.R., Khairurr
d and Kirton L'G.
16 AN OUTBREAK OF BAGWORMS
ON
93-98
FUICUTUTiA MOIITICCTIITU:
A CASE
STUDY IN CENTRAL JAVA
Neo Endra Lelan:r and IllaAnggraeni.
17
SURVIVAL MECHANISM OF THE TEAK DEFOLIATOR, Hyblaeo puera
DURING THE DRY SEASON IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Enggar Apriyanto.
18 AN INSECT
K.V. Sankaran
2(\
atrcl
T.A.
Suresh'
INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT PESTS
OPTION S FOR MITIT}ATIOI{
Kavit:r Gupta ani'l P.C. Agzrrrval.
IN INDIA, THETR INII'ACTS
04- I 07
I
08- l I 3
1
l'+-
AND
ABUNDANCE OF PITED,A,TORY ANTS IN WANAG,'\N'{A EI}UCATION
FOREST, GUNUNG K{Dl-lL, YOGYr\KARTA
MusYala.
I
AND A FUNGUS-IMPENDING INVASION THREAT TO
INDIA
19
99- 1 03
t'1. Strltriy'o anci W.H.
x I Fr.oceeding of lnterrraiionai
l'at-nlttlgkas.
Ccrrierence on The inipacts of Ciirnate Change
io Foresl
il3
l2'1-l ]6
Pesis arci Dise:ses in The Trcpics
2I
RETROSPECTIVE ON FOREST INSECT PESTS OF NEPAL WITH
REFERENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Sanjaya Bista and Hasta B.
Thapa.
l2l-135
22 INTEGR{TET'
23
24
FOREST HEALTH MANAGEMENT WILL ASSIST IN
ADAPTING TO A CHANGING CLIMATE
Simon Taka Nuham:rra and Haryono Semangurr.
136-139
FOREST PEST DETECTION SYSTEMS IN FI.'I
Binesh Dayal and Sanjar-ra Lal.
140-146
OCCURRENCE, CHARACTERIZATION AND SPECIFIC DETECTION
OFBROWN ROOTDISEASE PATHOGEN IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
FOREST PLANTATIONS USING INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER
(ITS) SPECIFIC PRIMERS
Mohd FaridA., Maziah Z.,Lee S.S.. and Mohd Rosli H.
141-156
25
TDENTIFICATION OF SEVERAL GANODERMA SPECIES CAUSING
ROOT ROT IN Acactu mungium PLANTATION IN INDONESIA
D. Puspitasari, V. Yuskianti, A. Rimbawanto. M. Glen. and C. Mohamrned. 157-161
26
RESPONDS OFYOUNG Fulcataria molucctma TO GALL RUST
L. Baskorowati, A. Rohandi, and Gunawan.
162-168
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF URBAN TREES Polyulthia longiJitlia AND
Pterocurpns irtdictts TO ROOT ROT FUNGUS Ganoderma sp.
Widyastuti S.M, I. Riastiwi. and Harjono.
169-171
27
28
BIOLOGY, SPREAD AND MANAGEMENT OF ROOT ROT IN Acttcitt
M urt giunt PLANTATIONS IN INDONESIA
Chris Beadle (Keynote Speaker). Molag Glen, Luciasih Agustini,
Vivi
175-181
Yuskianti, Anthony Francis, Anto Rimbavvanto and Caroline Mohamtned.
29 PREVENTIVE SPRAYS FOR
30
3l
Cerutocl:stis octtciivorn INFECTION
CONTROL FOLLOWING SINGLING PRACTICES OF Acucia mungiwn
Marthin Tarigan, BLrdi "ijah-iono and Abdr,rl Gafirr
182-185
DEVELOPMENT OFBIOLOGICAL COhITROLAGENTS TO PROTECT
PLANTATION FORESTS IN SUMATRA, INDONESIA
'l-arigan,
and BLrdi Tjahjono.
Abdul Gafur, Asi.,'ardi Nasution Mafthin
i86-193
BIOFERTILIZER APPLICATIOF\f F'OR }{AIN'IAINING HEALTH r\NI)
PRODUCTIVITY IN OIL PALM PLANT'ATIOI\S UNDERACHANGINI;
CLIMATE
Mucharromah. 1-eguh Adi Prasetvo. 11icla1'at. Sigit Nugroho. and Merakati 194-198
I-landaj aningsih.
Proceeding of internalionai Conference on The lmpacts of Ciirnaie Change
io Forest Pesls
arrci Diseases in The
Troiics
i xi
32
FORMULATION OF A METARHIZIUM tsASED IVIYCOINSECTICIDE
AND FIELD TRIALS AGAINST DEFOLIATOR PBSTS OF
grundis AND Ailuttthus excelsu
T.O. Sasidharan, O.K. Remadevi, N. Sapna Bai and M.
33
Tectortu
Balachander.
TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT FOR PROTECTING SENGON FROM
GANODERMA INFECTION
Elis N. Herliyana, Darmono Tanir,vilyono. Ratna Jamilah, Benyamirr Dendang,
IIal'ati Nlinarsih, Muharnmad Alarn Finnansyah, Pet'mana Jenat, and Ai Rosah
199-207
2AB-215
Aisyah.
POSTERS
1
SOME NOTES ON INSECTS ASSOCIATED \VITH Jutropha curcus lN
SABAH
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Chia Fui Ree, and Richald Ma.iapLrn.
219-221
2 INFESTATION OF Achueu janata Linnaeus
3
4
(LEPIDOPTERA:
NOCTUIDAE: CATOCALINAE) IN THE MANGROVES OF SANDAKAN'
SABAH
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Joseph Tangah, and Fadzil Yahya.
222-225
INSECTS IN TEAK (Tectonu grundis L.F.) IN THE FOREST AREA
OF PASSO VILLAGE, CITY OF AMBON MALUKU PROVINCE
INDONESIA
Fransina, Latumahina, and Illa Anggraini
226-229
EFFECT OF ROOT EXUDATES OF SENGON (PuruseriunthesfulcutariuL.
Nielsen) INOCULATED WITH THE FUNGAL ENDOPHYTE Nigrosporu
sp. ON CONTROL OF THE ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloidogyne
spp.
Nur
5
Amin.
OCCURRENCE OF LAC SCALES, Tachartlinu uuruntiuctt, IN
PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Orc, S.P., NEUr,t,tNN, G., Cue Sr\LivtAFt, M.R., Ku,ttnuN, Y. & KInrorv" L.G.
230-234
235-236
LIST OF PARTICIPANT
xii I Proceeding
of internaiional Conference on The lmpacts cf Climate Chai.ge to Fciest Pesis and Diseases in The Tropics
TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT FOR PROTECTING SENGON
FROM GANODERMA INFECTION
Elis Nina Herliyana') Dar,l-,..,,,u Tanirviryono'),Ratnu Jamilahr). Benl'arnin Denclangl). Hay'ati
2).
Muhammad Alarn Firmansyah'). Permana Jenal. Ai Rosah Aisyahl)
Minarsih
"
Dn1rr,rronrn,, Silvikulturcr, l:ukttllu.t Kehulunttn. ltt.ytittLt
I) i o t e k n o ! o 1.li P
(lorres:pr.tntlirt,q
e
r kc
hu'r
u
n
['ertutiatt Bttgor.
I ncl o n e.s i cr. B o g o
Bttgt'tt',
r'. I nd o ne,s i
lnJnrtt.ri,t, :'Brrl,ri I'eneliticut
u
artllrl'. tlisher/icutu'[i1,alno.cont or elishetti'iph.uc.id
Abstract
Sengon (Para.serionthe,s.fhlcatctria (L,) Nielsen) is a major lorcst tree species that is r,videll'
planted by smallholders in Inc'lonesia. (ionotlenno inlection as red root-rot or basal stem rot is
becoming a lnore prevalent disease causing significant tree cleath. 'l'his research inve stigates the
potential of biological control agents to protect Sengon seecllings lrorn Ganoclerrttct attacks. In
vilro tests fbr antagonism betrveen two Trichoclerma spp (DT38 and DT39) and five f,ungal
iscrlates ol Ganodertna on PDA rvere undertaken. Four treatments were appIied to sengon
seedlings: 1) without Trichoclernta + lvithout organic tnaterials (A080); 2) u'ithout
Trichodernta * organic materials (A0Bl); 3) ivith Trichoclernrcz + r,vithout organic materials
(AlB0); 4) r,vith Trichodernrcz * organic materials (AlBl). Seedling height and the number of
leaves was recorded.
'fhe in yilro tests showed that the Trichoderntd spp. inhibited the five fungi isolates ol
Ganodermo betw'een 11,1 - 4B"B%. The average height of sengon seedlings six r,veeks after
planting (WAP) were 12.3 cm (A0Bi), 8.9 cm (AlBl), 8.0 cm (,4080) and 6.0 cm (.,\lB0).
Fourteen WAP, seedling height was greatest in AlBl and least in A180. The height
dilference r,vas caused by the availability of plant nutrients in the media.
Key r.vords: Sengon, Ganodernru, Trichoclerlra, organic ntaterials
Introduction
Conversion of fbrest to agricr:lture or plantations can pose environmental problems.
Agroforestry is a land management system that can address this issue. In the upper Warv
Besai, the rernaining forest cover accolrnts lor only L2o/o of the total land area. Houcver, in
the past i5 years, plantation monocriltures have been graclualll, tLrrned into rnixed plantations
lvith shade trees (Verbist et ul.2004). A popr-rlar choice ol sh;rde tree by cocoa lalmers is
sengon. These trees also provide long-term incorne es rvell as conservitrg u'ater and
preventing erosion.
Central and West Java account for 60%o of the total nutlber ol sengon trees planted in
Indonesia (Krisnarvati et al.2A10). The total area olsengon in Java is ncarlv -100.000 acres
and is capable of sLrppl-v' ing alrprorirlately'895.000 m'olnood per 1'ear. ecptivalent to l0%o
of .lava's lvoc,ci supply. 'fhe average prodr-rctivity ol fbrests on .lava is 2.29 ,-,',t I-,o-' 1'ear-l
(ArLrpa 2008).
Sengon is a pionee r species '.i ith a niitural ciisti"ibutioii in lVlalukLr. PapLra Neu' GuineaSolonton Islands anci Bisnrark (IIidal,at 2002). lt grorvs in lowland rain ibrest or sccotrd:ir1
florest betrvecn altitLrdes ol 0-1600 nr asl and is adapted to hurlicl monsoonal cliuratcs nitlr
rainhll betu'ecn 2000-2700 rnurilr. cli'_r'seasous up to fbur uronil'is lncl iou tertility'. Sengoir is
208 i
Prcceeding of lnternationai {-cnfe:-ence oi'r
'Ihe
lmpacis cf
Clin rale Change
io Fortsi
Pesi.-c
and Diseases in The Trocic:
u,ater-logging. As sengon is symbiotic with arbttscltlar
rny,corrhiza^ it is exce llent fbr improving soil fertility' (NLrsantara 2002).
A rna.ior obstacle to the cLrltivation of lbrest trees is red root-rot disease catrsed b1"
GctnptlernrtL spp. (Solornon s/ u/. 1993. L,ee 2000: Old cr u|..2000 Basset and Peters. 2003:
Sarrkaran et tt|.,2005. Wingfield ct rt|.,2.010; Wicl1,astuti200l. Widl'astLrti 2Al0,Gatur el ul.
20 I l. Herliy,ana et ut.2012). The rlost serious disease in Acrtcitr mangittnt and Euculylllr1r sp.
plantations in Surnatra is red root disease cattsed by Gctnotlerntt philippii (Cafirr et al.20ll).
In seccrnd rotation plantations of A. mctngittn agerl i-to-,i 1'ears in Sltmatra and Kalitrantarn.
the incidelc e of Gcrnotlerna attack was betiveen 3-28% (lrianto er a\.2006'1. Sirnilar levcls ol
Ggzotlerytct attack can occLlr in sengon dLrring the second rotation in Java (Widyastuti 2008'
personal cornnrunication). Roots ner'r'lf inf'ectcd b,v Gutodertlttt spp. are covcred lt)' ,".1
rhizortrorph ancl r,i'hite nrycelium. Above-groLrnd s1'mptorns include a rapid decline in vigoLtr'.
leaf iliscoloration, withering and clefbliation, ancl tree cleath. Fungal fiLriting boclies sometirncs
fbrur :ii the base olthe deacl stem. but rnay'be absent (Bassett and Peters 2003). Conversell"
fiuiting bodies of Gcmotlermu spp can be found at the base of the trunk ol healthl' trees.
Cafirr. et crl.20l 1 showecl that Ganotlernru attack on Eut:dvTttrts tree has sirnilar symptot.ns.
(langtlerrnct i1 West ancl E,ast Java can appear as a f-acLrltative saprophyte on both the sttttl-tps
of serrgol that has diecl ancl as a pathogen olt trees that are still alive. The close genctic
similarity betrveen G. lucic{um originating on both sL-l-}gotl and cocoa rnight be expected to
enhance disease transmission as they might act as alternate hosts (Herliyana el ul.2012).
Biological control is one way to control Gttnodernrct One option, Trichotlermo spp. have
been ihorolghly investigate
wP.7.02.07
Proceeding of lnternational Gonference on
The lmpacts of Glimate Ghange to Forest Pests and
Diseases in The Tropics
Editors :
Caroline Mohammed
Ghris Beadle
Jolanda Roux
Sri Rahayu
october dn- t dn,2o12
Faculty of Forestry Universitas Gadjah Mada,
Yogyakarta, lndonesia
Proceeding of International Conference on
The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests
and Diseases in The Tropics
Editors:
Caroline Mohammed
Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, ALrstralia
Chris Beadle
The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. Australia
Jolanda Roux
Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, South Africa
Sri Rahayu
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Faculty of Forestry
Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012
Proceeding of International Conference on
The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests and Diseases in The Tropics
October 8th - lo'h, 2ol2
Yogyakarta, Indonesia 2012
By Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
-;)'
Citation
:
Mohammed, C., Beadle,C., Roux, J., Rahayu, S. (eds.) 2012. Proceeding of
International Conference on The Impacts of Climate Change to Forest Pests and
Diseases in The Tropics, October 8th - l0th, 2012, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Published by Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jln. Agro No. l, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281
ISBN : 9'tt 979 3896 17 5
Cover Design : Faozan Indresputra
Printed in Indonesia
CONTENTS
Page
PREFACE
vii
CONTENTS
ABBREVIATION
xi
THE CHALLENGES OFVIODELLING F'OREST PESTS INA CHANGING
CLIMATE
Caroline Mohammed. (Keynote Speaker)
EMERGING PESTSAND DTSEASES IN
S.S. Lee. (Keynote Speaker)
A REVIEW
DISEASES
IN
1-9
NEWAREAS
,:
t0-r
3
NURSERIES AND PLANTATIONS IN
THAILAND
Uthaiwan Sangwanit.
I4-20
APPRAISAL OF PEST AND DISEASES FOR FUTURE FOREST
PRODUCTIVITY IN BANGLADESH
M. Al-amin and S. Atiin.
21-28
WHY DOES THE JAPANESE OAK WILT OCCUR ONLY IN JAPAN?
Naoto Kamata, Hideaki Goto, KeikoHamaguchi, Hayato Masuya, Dai Kusumoto, 29-31
Toshihide Flirao, Wen-l Chou, Wiwat Suasa-Ard, Sawai Buranapanichpan,
Sopon Uraichuen, Oraphan Kern-Asa, Sunisa Sanguansub, Thu Pham Quang,
Sih Kahono, and Heddy Julistiono.
Ceratocystis sp. CAUSES CROWN WILT OF Acaciu spp. PLANTED IN
SOME ECOLOGICAL ZONES OF VIETNAM
Pham Quang Thu, Dang Nhu Quynh and Bernard Dell.
38-44
HEART ROT IN PLANTATION ACACIA HYBRID IN VIETNAM
T.T Trang, C. Beadle and C. Mohammed.
45-49
GALLRUST DISEASE AND GENETIC VARIATION OF
i
I
Fulcuturia moluccurtu IN INDONESIA
Sri Rahayu.
50-54
OCCURRENCE OF INSECTS ASSOCIATED WITH Khayu ivorensis
(AFRICAN MAHOGANY) IN SABAH, MALAYSIA
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Richard Majapun, Ahmad Harun, Robert Ong and Chak
55-60
Chee Ving.
Proceeding of lnternational Conference on The irnpacts of Ciimaie Change
to Foresl Pests and Diseases in The Tropics
I ix
l0
THE LACEBIJG Tittgis beesoni DRAKE., A NEW Gmelina urboreu PEST
INDONIESIA
Puio Sumantoro" F'rida E. Astanti. and Deden Sylva
TN
11
D.
61-67
DEFOLIATORANDSTEMBORERATTACKONJABONOFDIFFEREI'IT
AGES AND PLANTED AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDES
Selvi Chelya Susanty and Noor Irarikhah Haneda.
68-73
12 WHITEFLTES (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) BREEDTNC
ON
Dulhergiu lutifbliu Roxb.IN SOUTH INDIA
R. Sundararaj,'f. G. Revathi, and K-P' Divya'
13 EMERGING
14-18
DISEASE PROBLEMS IN EUCALYPT PLANTATIONS IN
I,AO PDR
Paul A. Barber, Pham Q. Thu, Giles E. Hardy, and Bernard
14
15
Dell'
79-84
EMERGING INSECT PEST PROBLEMS ON INDIAN SAI''IDALWOOD
(surttulum album L.) UNDER ITS CULTIVATION, A CAUSE OF
CONCERN
R. Sundararaj, Rajamttthukrishnan and O. K. Remadevi-
85-92
Streblote lipora (LEPIDOPTERA: LASIOCAMPIDAE) OUTBREAK IN
SEVER.AL MANGROVE REHABILITATION SITES IN PENINSULAR
MALAYSIA
Ong, S.P., Che Salmah M.R., Khairurr
d and Kirton L'G.
16 AN OUTBREAK OF BAGWORMS
ON
93-98
FUICUTUTiA MOIITICCTIITU:
A CASE
STUDY IN CENTRAL JAVA
Neo Endra Lelan:r and IllaAnggraeni.
17
SURVIVAL MECHANISM OF THE TEAK DEFOLIATOR, Hyblaeo puera
DURING THE DRY SEASON IN EAST JAVA, INDONESIA
Enggar Apriyanto.
18 AN INSECT
K.V. Sankaran
2(\
atrcl
T.A.
Suresh'
INVASIVE ALIEN PLANT PESTS
OPTION S FOR MITIT}ATIOI{
Kavit:r Gupta ani'l P.C. Agzrrrval.
IN INDIA, THETR INII'ACTS
04- I 07
I
08- l I 3
1
l'+-
AND
ABUNDANCE OF PITED,A,TORY ANTS IN WANAG,'\N'{A EI}UCATION
FOREST, GUNUNG K{Dl-lL, YOGYr\KARTA
MusYala.
I
AND A FUNGUS-IMPENDING INVASION THREAT TO
INDIA
19
99- 1 03
t'1. Strltriy'o anci W.H.
x I Fr.oceeding of lnterrraiionai
l'at-nlttlgkas.
Ccrrierence on The inipacts of Ciirnate Change
io Foresl
il3
l2'1-l ]6
Pesis arci Dise:ses in The Trcpics
2I
RETROSPECTIVE ON FOREST INSECT PESTS OF NEPAL WITH
REFERENCE TO CLIMATE CHANGE
Sanjaya Bista and Hasta B.
Thapa.
l2l-135
22 INTEGR{TET'
23
24
FOREST HEALTH MANAGEMENT WILL ASSIST IN
ADAPTING TO A CHANGING CLIMATE
Simon Taka Nuham:rra and Haryono Semangurr.
136-139
FOREST PEST DETECTION SYSTEMS IN FI.'I
Binesh Dayal and Sanjar-ra Lal.
140-146
OCCURRENCE, CHARACTERIZATION AND SPECIFIC DETECTION
OFBROWN ROOTDISEASE PATHOGEN IN PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
FOREST PLANTATIONS USING INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER
(ITS) SPECIFIC PRIMERS
Mohd FaridA., Maziah Z.,Lee S.S.. and Mohd Rosli H.
141-156
25
TDENTIFICATION OF SEVERAL GANODERMA SPECIES CAUSING
ROOT ROT IN Acactu mungium PLANTATION IN INDONESIA
D. Puspitasari, V. Yuskianti, A. Rimbawanto. M. Glen. and C. Mohamrned. 157-161
26
RESPONDS OFYOUNG Fulcataria molucctma TO GALL RUST
L. Baskorowati, A. Rohandi, and Gunawan.
162-168
SUSCEPTIBILITY OF URBAN TREES Polyulthia longiJitlia AND
Pterocurpns irtdictts TO ROOT ROT FUNGUS Ganoderma sp.
Widyastuti S.M, I. Riastiwi. and Harjono.
169-171
27
28
BIOLOGY, SPREAD AND MANAGEMENT OF ROOT ROT IN Acttcitt
M urt giunt PLANTATIONS IN INDONESIA
Chris Beadle (Keynote Speaker). Molag Glen, Luciasih Agustini,
Vivi
175-181
Yuskianti, Anthony Francis, Anto Rimbavvanto and Caroline Mohamtned.
29 PREVENTIVE SPRAYS FOR
30
3l
Cerutocl:stis octtciivorn INFECTION
CONTROL FOLLOWING SINGLING PRACTICES OF Acucia mungiwn
Marthin Tarigan, BLrdi "ijah-iono and Abdr,rl Gafirr
182-185
DEVELOPMENT OFBIOLOGICAL COhITROLAGENTS TO PROTECT
PLANTATION FORESTS IN SUMATRA, INDONESIA
'l-arigan,
and BLrdi Tjahjono.
Abdul Gafur, Asi.,'ardi Nasution Mafthin
i86-193
BIOFERTILIZER APPLICATIOF\f F'OR }{AIN'IAINING HEALTH r\NI)
PRODUCTIVITY IN OIL PALM PLANT'ATIOI\S UNDERACHANGINI;
CLIMATE
Mucharromah. 1-eguh Adi Prasetvo. 11icla1'at. Sigit Nugroho. and Merakati 194-198
I-landaj aningsih.
Proceeding of internalionai Conference on The lmpacts of Ciirnaie Change
io Forest Pesls
arrci Diseases in The
Troiics
i xi
32
FORMULATION OF A METARHIZIUM tsASED IVIYCOINSECTICIDE
AND FIELD TRIALS AGAINST DEFOLIATOR PBSTS OF
grundis AND Ailuttthus excelsu
T.O. Sasidharan, O.K. Remadevi, N. Sapna Bai and M.
33
Tectortu
Balachander.
TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT FOR PROTECTING SENGON FROM
GANODERMA INFECTION
Elis N. Herliyana, Darmono Tanir,vilyono. Ratna Jamilah, Benyamirr Dendang,
IIal'ati Nlinarsih, Muharnmad Alarn Finnansyah, Pet'mana Jenat, and Ai Rosah
199-207
2AB-215
Aisyah.
POSTERS
1
SOME NOTES ON INSECTS ASSOCIATED \VITH Jutropha curcus lN
SABAH
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Chia Fui Ree, and Richald Ma.iapLrn.
219-221
2 INFESTATION OF Achueu janata Linnaeus
3
4
(LEPIDOPTERA:
NOCTUIDAE: CATOCALINAE) IN THE MANGROVES OF SANDAKAN'
SABAH
Arthur Y. C. Chung, Joseph Tangah, and Fadzil Yahya.
222-225
INSECTS IN TEAK (Tectonu grundis L.F.) IN THE FOREST AREA
OF PASSO VILLAGE, CITY OF AMBON MALUKU PROVINCE
INDONESIA
Fransina, Latumahina, and Illa Anggraini
226-229
EFFECT OF ROOT EXUDATES OF SENGON (PuruseriunthesfulcutariuL.
Nielsen) INOCULATED WITH THE FUNGAL ENDOPHYTE Nigrosporu
sp. ON CONTROL OF THE ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE Meloidogyne
spp.
Nur
5
Amin.
OCCURRENCE OF LAC SCALES, Tachartlinu uuruntiuctt, IN
PENINSULAR MALAYSIA
Orc, S.P., NEUr,t,tNN, G., Cue Sr\LivtAFt, M.R., Ku,ttnuN, Y. & KInrorv" L.G.
230-234
235-236
LIST OF PARTICIPANT
xii I Proceeding
of internaiional Conference on The lmpacts cf Climate Chai.ge to Fciest Pesis and Diseases in The Tropics
TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT FOR PROTECTING SENGON
FROM GANODERMA INFECTION
Elis Nina Herliyana') Dar,l-,..,,,u Tanirviryono'),Ratnu Jamilahr). Benl'arnin Denclangl). Hay'ati
2).
Muhammad Alarn Firmansyah'). Permana Jenal. Ai Rosah Aisyahl)
Minarsih
"
Dn1rr,rronrn,, Silvikulturcr, l:ukttllu.t Kehulunttn. ltt.ytittLt
I) i o t e k n o ! o 1.li P
(lorres:pr.tntlirt,q
e
r kc
hu'r
u
n
['ertutiatt Bttgor.
I ncl o n e.s i cr. B o g o
Bttgt'tt',
r'. I nd o ne,s i
lnJnrtt.ri,t, :'Brrl,ri I'eneliticut
u
artllrl'. tlisher/icutu'[i1,alno.cont or elishetti'iph.uc.id
Abstract
Sengon (Para.serionthe,s.fhlcatctria (L,) Nielsen) is a major lorcst tree species that is r,videll'
planted by smallholders in Inc'lonesia. (ionotlenno inlection as red root-rot or basal stem rot is
becoming a lnore prevalent disease causing significant tree cleath. 'l'his research inve stigates the
potential of biological control agents to protect Sengon seecllings lrorn Ganoclerrttct attacks. In
vilro tests fbr antagonism betrveen two Trichoclerma spp (DT38 and DT39) and five f,ungal
iscrlates ol Ganodertna on PDA rvere undertaken. Four treatments were appIied to sengon
seedlings: 1) without Trichoclernta + lvithout organic tnaterials (A080); 2) u'ithout
Trichodernta * organic materials (A0Bl); 3) ivith Trichoclernrcz + r,vithout organic materials
(AlB0); 4) r,vith Trichodernrcz * organic materials (AlBl). Seedling height and the number of
leaves was recorded.
'fhe in yilro tests showed that the Trichoderntd spp. inhibited the five fungi isolates ol
Ganodermo betw'een 11,1 - 4B"B%. The average height of sengon seedlings six r,veeks after
planting (WAP) were 12.3 cm (A0Bi), 8.9 cm (AlBl), 8.0 cm (,4080) and 6.0 cm (.,\lB0).
Fourteen WAP, seedling height was greatest in AlBl and least in A180. The height
dilference r,vas caused by the availability of plant nutrients in the media.
Key r.vords: Sengon, Ganodernru, Trichoclerlra, organic ntaterials
Introduction
Conversion of fbrest to agricr:lture or plantations can pose environmental problems.
Agroforestry is a land management system that can address this issue. In the upper Warv
Besai, the rernaining forest cover accolrnts lor only L2o/o of the total land area. Houcver, in
the past i5 years, plantation monocriltures have been graclualll, tLrrned into rnixed plantations
lvith shade trees (Verbist et ul.2004). A popr-rlar choice ol sh;rde tree by cocoa lalmers is
sengon. These trees also provide long-term incorne es rvell as conservitrg u'ater and
preventing erosion.
Central and West Java account for 60%o of the total nutlber ol sengon trees planted in
Indonesia (Krisnarvati et al.2A10). The total area olsengon in Java is ncarlv -100.000 acres
and is capable of sLrppl-v' ing alrprorirlately'895.000 m'olnood per 1'ear. ecptivalent to l0%o
of .lava's lvoc,ci supply. 'fhe average prodr-rctivity ol fbrests on .lava is 2.29 ,-,',t I-,o-' 1'ear-l
(ArLrpa 2008).
Sengon is a pionee r species '.i ith a niitural ciisti"ibutioii in lVlalukLr. PapLra Neu' GuineaSolonton Islands anci Bisnrark (IIidal,at 2002). lt grorvs in lowland rain ibrest or sccotrd:ir1
florest betrvecn altitLrdes ol 0-1600 nr asl and is adapted to hurlicl monsoonal cliuratcs nitlr
rainhll betu'ecn 2000-2700 rnurilr. cli'_r'seasous up to fbur uronil'is lncl iou tertility'. Sengoir is
208 i
Prcceeding of lnternationai {-cnfe:-ence oi'r
'Ihe
lmpacis cf
Clin rale Change
io Fortsi
Pesi.-c
and Diseases in The Trocic:
u,ater-logging. As sengon is symbiotic with arbttscltlar
rny,corrhiza^ it is exce llent fbr improving soil fertility' (NLrsantara 2002).
A rna.ior obstacle to the cLrltivation of lbrest trees is red root-rot disease catrsed b1"
GctnptlernrtL spp. (Solornon s/ u/. 1993. L,ee 2000: Old cr u|..2000 Basset and Peters. 2003:
Sarrkaran et tt|.,2005. Wingfield ct rt|.,2.010; Wicl1,astuti200l. Widl'astLrti 2Al0,Gatur el ul.
20 I l. Herliy,ana et ut.2012). The rlost serious disease in Acrtcitr mangittnt and Euculylllr1r sp.
plantations in Surnatra is red root disease cattsed by Gctnotlerntt philippii (Cafirr et al.20ll).
In seccrnd rotation plantations of A. mctngittn agerl i-to-,i 1'ears in Sltmatra and Kalitrantarn.
the incidelc e of Gcrnotlerna attack was betiveen 3-28% (lrianto er a\.2006'1. Sirnilar levcls ol
Ggzotlerytct attack can occLlr in sengon dLrring the second rotation in Java (Widyastuti 2008'
personal cornnrunication). Roots ner'r'lf inf'ectcd b,v Gutodertlttt spp. are covcred lt)' ,".1
rhizortrorph ancl r,i'hite nrycelium. Above-groLrnd s1'mptorns include a rapid decline in vigoLtr'.
leaf iliscoloration, withering and clefbliation, ancl tree cleath. Fungal fiLriting boclies sometirncs
fbrur :ii the base olthe deacl stem. but rnay'be absent (Bassett and Peters 2003). Conversell"
fiuiting bodies of Gcmotlermu spp can be found at the base of the trunk ol healthl' trees.
Cafirr. et crl.20l 1 showecl that Ganotlernru attack on Eut:dvTttrts tree has sirnilar symptot.ns.
(langtlerrnct i1 West ancl E,ast Java can appear as a f-acLrltative saprophyte on both the sttttl-tps
of serrgol that has diecl ancl as a pathogen olt trees that are still alive. The close genctic
similarity betrveen G. lucic{um originating on both sL-l-}gotl and cocoa rnight be expected to
enhance disease transmission as they might act as alternate hosts (Herliyana el ul.2012).
Biological control is one way to control Gttnodernrct One option, Trichotlermo spp. have
been ihorolghly investigate