Wild animal trade in Bogor local markets, West Java: threat to conservation effort
FJUFII:,
lndoner~a 4 u ~ ~ ~- ?:fiO' !r
P~ccdlngs M
U
W
. M
C
2008
hDceedingso t ' : ~ 2008
~ ~ l ~
WILD ANIMAL TRADE IN BOGOR LOCAL MARKETS, WEST JAVA: THREAT To
CONSERVATION EFFORT
Maria Uifah
Department of Farest Resources conservation and ~ c ~ t o u r i r m
FaculN
.
of Forest~q
Bogor ~ ~ r i c u l t u rUniversity
al
(IPB), ~ o g o rlndonesla
l
e-maij: ulfarnaria@hotmail.com
Introduction
The strategic location of ~ o g o could
r
lead
to the easy access of wild animal trade 10 and
from various cities. Till now, there is lack of
data on wild animal trade in Bagor therefore
,tudy or\ h e wildl~fe trade ~otency in and
around ~~~~r was urgently needed to provide
base line data on the wild animals traded in
local market in Bogor that could be usefut to
conservation efforts
suppoflthe
in monitoring and regulation of wild animal
trade, By provld~ngthe status conservation of
species, the study would also useful
to
local traders, wild animal hobbies and
communities in raising the awareness of
species canservation.
in 8ogorl instead of
trade
centre in Indonesia. Pasar Buwng PmmUkda.
Only 4 respondents (6.06%) had oM, captive
breed. Other 29 respondents (43 %)
*he
stocks from the
heed. ~~~t of
respondents (45 respondents: 68.2%) got me
hunting from
natun, or
middle men.
monitoing
On trade should
since species
demand has been increasing
trade
neh0fiin9
WPI~
and the
need of local people is
important to be
Wing
to
Animal
Trade
Fifty nine respondents
know'edse in
Materials and Mathods
~h~ study was done on January-March
2008. Seventeen domestic markets in and
~ ~ r m a g were
a ) randomly selected based On
the initial survey in 2006-2007 (Ulfahl
unpublished data). Direct field observation and
in-depth interview to 66 respandents were
used to collect data.
formosus), The species listed in
Re$ults and Dlscuss~on
Species in Trade and Their Conservation
Status
There were 41 wild-protected antmals that
were illegally traded in local markets in and
around Bogor, namely Large Flying Fox
(meropus vampyrus), Leopard Cat (Pr;o*alirus
bengalens,s), SIOW
Loris
(Mydicebus
coucang), Otter Civet (C~nogale b*n*eftil?*
tailed macaque (Macaca fascicular;s),
Siamang (Hyiobates syndactiius). orangeHeaded Thrush (Zoothera cfirtnae), Sanglhe
Shrike-Thrush (Co//uricinc!a sangh~rensls),
Batu. Pasar Empang
Citeureup and Pasar Leuwiliang.
Witd Animals Trade in Oomedic
Threat to Conservation Effort
Pasar Bogur and Pasar A ~ Y W
identified as the domestic trade
234
wild
had
of wild
institution,
strongly nE
ill
The wild-prt
local
ma,,ets he
hunting pressr
wild
,ha,,)
in domest
done
trade in decrees
wild. The Jimitec
and
conservation
economic stetl
fw
factors
tl
wild
enforcement givi
tlug(~r.lndoneh~a,h ~ ~ ~ Iu9'.a r -22": 2h7,
ADE IN BOGOR
CQNSERVATION
Ulfah
Conservatkn
Ecatourism,
(IPB), Bogor, lndones~a
est
e-mail:
3f
(Zoothsra srbirica), Chestnut(Zoothera mrerpres).
( Gracula religiosa
Red-breasted
(Psittacula
alexandri),
scopsowl {Otus angelinae). Straw-headed
Bulbul (Pyc~onotus zeylanicus),
(Hakyion cyanoventris), Javan
Sibiriarl
Bogor
mimal
w,
Bogor
le poter,cy
(Spiraelus bartelsi), Brahminy
(Halrastur Indus),
codd
:onservat~on
w~ld
conservat~on
,uld
animal
:he
(Ichthyophaga
ichthyaetus),
(Bulastur indicus),
(Spilornis cheela),
(Padda
January-March
lyar,
Pesar
Cisarua
oryzivora), Black-Naped
(Hypothymis azurea),
(Probosciger atferimus),
Cockatoo
(Cacatua alba),
(Cacatua
sulphurea),
(Cacatua galerita),
(Aprosmictus erythropterus), BlueRumpad
(Psiftinus cyanurus), Eclectus
Parrol (Eclectus roratus), Rain
( frchoglossus haematodus), Yellow-Throated
Bogor,
Hanging-Parrot (Loriculus pusrltus),
( Varanus
(Naja spufatrix),
Phyton
Pasef
bka,
Jdan
1, Pasar Leuwiliang,
sar Semp/ek, Paser
get Kampus IPB
spilotus),
reficulatus),
Phy-ton (Phyfon molurus
molurus), Gold-ringed
(Boiga
dendrophylla),
(Caura
amboinensis), Giant-Freshwater
(Chitra
indica),
(Scleropagss
formosus).
1
(Ulfa
sld
(Hylobates
ielr
Burmese
Phyton (Phyton molurus molurus)
still
illegally traded rn Pasar
Kampus IPB
Darmaga,
Pasar Gunung
Batcr,
Empang,
Bogor,
C~teureup
Leuwiliang.
tected anrmals
al
in
.arge
3rd
Lorls
syndactrlus),
(Nycticebus coucang},
(Pfobosciger atterimus),
(Cacatua sulphurea)
(Prionalirus
(Nycticebus
nog gale bennettii)
xis
saca fascrcuiaris),
jactilus). Orangecitrinae),
sanghirensis),
Pasar Bogor
Anyar
been
in
supplying
218
b e d i n g s of AZu'hlC 2008
markets in Bogor, instead of the biggest trade
mntm in Indonesia, Pasar Burung Pramuka.
Only 4 respondents (6.06%) had own captive
breed. Other 29 respondents (43 %) got the
animals stocks from the captive breed. Most of
~spondents(45 respondents; 68.2%) got the
animals directly by hunting from the nature or
buying from middle men. Serious monitoring
on trade should be done since species
demand has been increasing rapidly. The trade
netw~rkingsystem, people perception and the
need of local people is also important to be
further invesf~gated.
Alternative Programs to Reduce Wlld
Animal Huntlng and Trade
Fifty nine respondents (89.4%) had
knowledge in conservation status of wild
animals, but they did not clear understood
about the detail of acts and the conservation
status of the animals. Twelve respondents
(18.2%) had
already
participated
in
socialization of
protected-wild life by
government (Nature Resource Conservation
DivisionlBalei Konservasi Sumberdaya AlamBKSDA). The limited knowledge about wildlife
conservation status, lack of law enforcement
and economic factor had been identified as key
factors caused the low awareness of local
traders in Bogor to wild animal conservation.
Gwng intensively conservation sducation is
urgently required to raise people awareness on
wild animal conservation. The psychology
concept in nature conservation (conservation
psychology) (Saunders 2003) then sounds
precisely to bring significant benefit to multistakeholders. Introducing captive breeding for
certain species (i-e. based on market trend)
mediated by government authorities, education
institution, researchers, ex-situ conservation
Bogor, 1ndonesia, Aup31 19" - 22" 2008
institution, local NGOs and local communities
is strongly needed as one of economic
alternatives to illegal hunting.
Concluslon
The wild-protected animals' trade in Bogor
local markets has led to a significant increase
in hunting pressure. The formal monitoring and
regulation in wild animal trade (tertibperedamn
satwa) in domestic markets in Bogor has to be
regularly done to reduce the impact of that
trade in decreasing animal population in the
wild. The limited knowledge about wildlife
conservation status, lack of law enforcement
and economic factor had been identified as key
factors caused the low awareness of local
traders to wild animal conservation. Law
enforcement, giving intensive conservation
education and introducing captive breeding
mediated by government authorities and
relaled institution is therefore strongly needed
to reduce illegal hunting and trading. The trade
networking system, people perception and the
need of local people is important to be further
investigated.
References
[CITES] The Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora. 2008. Appendices I, 11, 111.
http:/~w.cites.orglenglapptE-JulOl
.pdf.
Downloaded on 10 July 2008.
Saunders, C.D. 2003. The Emerging Fields of
conservation
Psychology.
Human
Ecology Review 10,2: 137-149
Ulfah, M. 2007 (Unpublish data). Initial Survey
on Wild Animal Trade in Bogor Local
Markets.
I
lndoner~a 4 u ~ ~ ~- ?:fiO' !r
P~ccdlngs M
U
W
. M
C
2008
hDceedingso t ' : ~ 2008
~ ~ l ~
WILD ANIMAL TRADE IN BOGOR LOCAL MARKETS, WEST JAVA: THREAT To
CONSERVATION EFFORT
Maria Uifah
Department of Farest Resources conservation and ~ c ~ t o u r i r m
FaculN
.
of Forest~q
Bogor ~ ~ r i c u l t u rUniversity
al
(IPB), ~ o g o rlndonesla
l
e-maij: ulfarnaria@hotmail.com
Introduction
The strategic location of ~ o g o could
r
lead
to the easy access of wild animal trade 10 and
from various cities. Till now, there is lack of
data on wild animal trade in Bagor therefore
,tudy or\ h e wildl~fe trade ~otency in and
around ~~~~r was urgently needed to provide
base line data on the wild animals traded in
local market in Bogor that could be usefut to
conservation efforts
suppoflthe
in monitoring and regulation of wild animal
trade, By provld~ngthe status conservation of
species, the study would also useful
to
local traders, wild animal hobbies and
communities in raising the awareness of
species canservation.
in 8ogorl instead of
trade
centre in Indonesia. Pasar Buwng PmmUkda.
Only 4 respondents (6.06%) had oM, captive
breed. Other 29 respondents (43 %)
*he
stocks from the
heed. ~~~t of
respondents (45 respondents: 68.2%) got me
hunting from
natun, or
middle men.
monitoing
On trade should
since species
demand has been increasing
trade
neh0fiin9
WPI~
and the
need of local people is
important to be
Wing
to
Animal
Trade
Fifty nine respondents
know'edse in
Materials and Mathods
~h~ study was done on January-March
2008. Seventeen domestic markets in and
~ ~ r m a g were
a ) randomly selected based On
the initial survey in 2006-2007 (Ulfahl
unpublished data). Direct field observation and
in-depth interview to 66 respandents were
used to collect data.
formosus), The species listed in
Re$ults and Dlscuss~on
Species in Trade and Their Conservation
Status
There were 41 wild-protected antmals that
were illegally traded in local markets in and
around Bogor, namely Large Flying Fox
(meropus vampyrus), Leopard Cat (Pr;o*alirus
bengalens,s), SIOW
Loris
(Mydicebus
coucang), Otter Civet (C~nogale b*n*eftil?*
tailed macaque (Macaca fascicular;s),
Siamang (Hyiobates syndactiius). orangeHeaded Thrush (Zoothera cfirtnae), Sanglhe
Shrike-Thrush (Co//uricinc!a sangh~rensls),
Batu. Pasar Empang
Citeureup and Pasar Leuwiliang.
Witd Animals Trade in Oomedic
Threat to Conservation Effort
Pasar Bogur and Pasar A ~ Y W
identified as the domestic trade
234
wild
had
of wild
institution,
strongly nE
ill
The wild-prt
local
ma,,ets he
hunting pressr
wild
,ha,,)
in domest
done
trade in decrees
wild. The Jimitec
and
conservation
economic stetl
fw
factors
tl
wild
enforcement givi
tlug(~r.lndoneh~a,h ~ ~ ~ Iu9'.a r -22": 2h7,
ADE IN BOGOR
CQNSERVATION
Ulfah
Conservatkn
Ecatourism,
(IPB), Bogor, lndones~a
est
e-mail:
3f
(Zoothsra srbirica), Chestnut(Zoothera mrerpres).
( Gracula religiosa
Red-breasted
(Psittacula
alexandri),
scopsowl {Otus angelinae). Straw-headed
Bulbul (Pyc~onotus zeylanicus),
(Hakyion cyanoventris), Javan
Sibiriarl
Bogor
mimal
w,
Bogor
le poter,cy
(Spiraelus bartelsi), Brahminy
(Halrastur Indus),
codd
:onservat~on
w~ld
conservat~on
,uld
animal
:he
(Ichthyophaga
ichthyaetus),
(Bulastur indicus),
(Spilornis cheela),
(Padda
January-March
lyar,
Pesar
Cisarua
oryzivora), Black-Naped
(Hypothymis azurea),
(Probosciger atferimus),
Cockatoo
(Cacatua alba),
(Cacatua
sulphurea),
(Cacatua galerita),
(Aprosmictus erythropterus), BlueRumpad
(Psiftinus cyanurus), Eclectus
Parrol (Eclectus roratus), Rain
( frchoglossus haematodus), Yellow-Throated
Bogor,
Hanging-Parrot (Loriculus pusrltus),
( Varanus
(Naja spufatrix),
Phyton
Pasef
bka,
Jdan
1, Pasar Leuwiliang,
sar Semp/ek, Paser
get Kampus IPB
spilotus),
reficulatus),
Phy-ton (Phyfon molurus
molurus), Gold-ringed
(Boiga
dendrophylla),
(Caura
amboinensis), Giant-Freshwater
(Chitra
indica),
(Scleropagss
formosus).
1
(Ulfa
sld
(Hylobates
ielr
Burmese
Phyton (Phyton molurus molurus)
still
illegally traded rn Pasar
Kampus IPB
Darmaga,
Pasar Gunung
Batcr,
Empang,
Bogor,
C~teureup
Leuwiliang.
tected anrmals
al
in
.arge
3rd
Lorls
syndactrlus),
(Nycticebus coucang},
(Pfobosciger atterimus),
(Cacatua sulphurea)
(Prionalirus
(Nycticebus
nog gale bennettii)
xis
saca fascrcuiaris),
jactilus). Orangecitrinae),
sanghirensis),
Pasar Bogor
Anyar
been
in
supplying
218
b e d i n g s of AZu'hlC 2008
markets in Bogor, instead of the biggest trade
mntm in Indonesia, Pasar Burung Pramuka.
Only 4 respondents (6.06%) had own captive
breed. Other 29 respondents (43 %) got the
animals stocks from the captive breed. Most of
~spondents(45 respondents; 68.2%) got the
animals directly by hunting from the nature or
buying from middle men. Serious monitoring
on trade should be done since species
demand has been increasing rapidly. The trade
netw~rkingsystem, people perception and the
need of local people is also important to be
further invesf~gated.
Alternative Programs to Reduce Wlld
Animal Huntlng and Trade
Fifty nine respondents (89.4%) had
knowledge in conservation status of wild
animals, but they did not clear understood
about the detail of acts and the conservation
status of the animals. Twelve respondents
(18.2%) had
already
participated
in
socialization of
protected-wild life by
government (Nature Resource Conservation
DivisionlBalei Konservasi Sumberdaya AlamBKSDA). The limited knowledge about wildlife
conservation status, lack of law enforcement
and economic factor had been identified as key
factors caused the low awareness of local
traders in Bogor to wild animal conservation.
Gwng intensively conservation sducation is
urgently required to raise people awareness on
wild animal conservation. The psychology
concept in nature conservation (conservation
psychology) (Saunders 2003) then sounds
precisely to bring significant benefit to multistakeholders. Introducing captive breeding for
certain species (i-e. based on market trend)
mediated by government authorities, education
institution, researchers, ex-situ conservation
Bogor, 1ndonesia, Aup31 19" - 22" 2008
institution, local NGOs and local communities
is strongly needed as one of economic
alternatives to illegal hunting.
Concluslon
The wild-protected animals' trade in Bogor
local markets has led to a significant increase
in hunting pressure. The formal monitoring and
regulation in wild animal trade (tertibperedamn
satwa) in domestic markets in Bogor has to be
regularly done to reduce the impact of that
trade in decreasing animal population in the
wild. The limited knowledge about wildlife
conservation status, lack of law enforcement
and economic factor had been identified as key
factors caused the low awareness of local
traders to wild animal conservation. Law
enforcement, giving intensive conservation
education and introducing captive breeding
mediated by government authorities and
relaled institution is therefore strongly needed
to reduce illegal hunting and trading. The trade
networking system, people perception and the
need of local people is important to be further
investigated.
References
[CITES] The Convention on International Trade
in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and
Flora. 2008. Appendices I, 11, 111.
http:/~w.cites.orglenglapptE-JulOl
.pdf.
Downloaded on 10 July 2008.
Saunders, C.D. 2003. The Emerging Fields of
conservation
Psychology.
Human
Ecology Review 10,2: 137-149
Ulfah, M. 2007 (Unpublish data). Initial Survey
on Wild Animal Trade in Bogor Local
Markets.
I