Digital Photo Library For UTeM A Study On Photo Composition And Creative Imaging.
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS TESIS*
JUDUL: DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM: A STUDY ON PHOTO
COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
SESI PENGAJIAN: 2 - 200712008
Saya
RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR
(HURUF BESAR)
mengaku membenarkan tesis (PSM/Sqana/Doktor Falsafah) ini disimpan di
Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Malilumat dan Komunikasi dengan syarat-syarat
kegunaan seperti berikut :
1. Tesis dan projek adalah h a h l i k Universiti Tehikal Malaysia Melaka.
2. Pepustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan
membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja
3. Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan
membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi penglian
tinggi.
4. ** Sila tandakan ( I )
/
SULIT
(Mengandungt maklumat yang berdqah
keselamatan untuk kepentingan Malaysia
seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA
M S I A M S M I 1972)
TERHAD
(Mengandungt maklumat TERHAD yang telah
ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana
penyelidikan dijalankan)
TIDAK TERHAD
ihb
Alarnat tetap: No. 3, Jln. Forest Heights 1,
Seremban Forest Heights, 70450
Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
Tarikh: 2 y 3 4 d sag
(TANDAT GAN PENYELIA)
Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah
Nama Penyelia
Tarikh:
CATATAN: *Tesis dimaksudkan sebagai Laporan Akhir Projek Sarjana Muda
(PSM)
** Jika tesis ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada
plhak berkuasa.
DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM:
A STUDY ON PHOTO COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR
This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Bachelor of Computer Science (Interactive Media)
FACULTY OF INFORMATION AND C O M i C A T I O N TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
2008
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this project report entitled
DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM:
A STUDY ON PHOTO COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
is written by me and is my oivn effort and that no part has been plagiarized
without citations
STUDENT
:
@ ' /
Date: L7 T v ~
h o t
(RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR)
SUPERVISOR:
ate:
(MUHAMMAD HAZIQ LIM BIN ABDULLAI-I)
flqEJ 2N
DEDICATION
To my beloved husband, Mohd Fazreen Mohd who always give a full of support,
My beloved mother and father, Ja'afar Abd. Rahman & Khadijah Mohd Asmawi,
and Mohd Jamuri & Norsah Abu Bakar who are always motivate me,
Supervisor, Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah for the guidance and ideas,
All my friends for giving me support to finish up this project.
Thanks a lot.
First of all, praise to Allah S.W.T. because of His will I could complete my project
even though I have to work hard for it. I would like to thank to my supervisor Mr.
Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah for giving assistant to complete this project
successfully.
I would also like to thank my beloved husband and parents who have been giving me
support and motivation throughout my project.
Also to all my friends who are always give me support to finish this project.
ABSTRACT
Digital Photo Library for UTeM: A Study on Photo Composition and
Creative Imaging is a project that is combines the study on photo composition and
the development of web base photo library system. The main purpose of this project
is to study on the photo composition. There are three rules that will be study in this
project which are The Rule of Third, The Golden Section Rule and The Diagonal
Rule. All the rule will be apply as a technique to capture the UTeM photos. Then, all
the photos that have been captured will be stored in the web base photo library
system for an easy access. The web base photo library system will be developing
using PHP lanwage and MySQL database.
ABSTRAK
"Ilig'tai Photo I,ibrary for 7JTeM: A Sfu@ on Photo Composition and
('reafise Imaging" mempakan satu projek yang menggabungkan kajian mengenai
komposisi foto dan pembangunan sebuah sistem berasaskan web bagi menyimpan
foto. Tujuan utama projek ini dibangunkan adalah untuk mengkaji mengenai
komposisi foto. Terdapat tiga teknik yang biasa digunakan untuk merakam foto iaitu
"liule gf Third". "Golden Section Rtile dan "Diagonal Rule ". Teknik-teknik ini
akan digunakan semasa merakam foto-foto di sekitar kampus UTeM. Gambargambar tersebut kemudiannya akan dikumpul dan disimpan di dalam sistem bagi
memudahkan pencarian. Sistem ini akan dibangunkar! menggunakan bahasa
pengaturcaraan PHP dan MySQL sebagai pangkalan data.
"
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER I1
SUBJECT
PAGE
DECLARATION
ii
DEDICATION
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
iv
ABSTRACT
v
ABSTRAK
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
LIST OF TABLES
xi
LIST OF FIGURES
xii
LIST OF ABREVIATIONS
xv
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
xvi
INTRODUCTON
1.1
Project Background
1.2
Problem Statement
1.3
Objective
1.4
Scope
1.5
Project Significance
1.6
Conclusion
LITERATURE REVIEW & PROJECT
METHODOLOGY
2.1
. Introduction
Domain
2.2.1 UTeM Photo Library System
Existing System
2.3.1 Photographic Composition
2.3.2 Existing Photo Library
2.3.2.1Antarctic Photo Library
2.3.2.2NOAA Photo Library
2.3.2.3 Science Photo Library
2.3.3 Comparison of Existing System
Project Methodology
Pre-Production
2.4.1.1 Define ideas
2.4.1.2 Select Hardware
2.4.1.3 Scout for Location
Production
2.4.2.1 Photo Shooting
2.4.2.2 Produce Library
Post-Production
2.4.3.1 Archiving
2.4.3.2 Testing and Evaluation
Project Requirements
2.5.1 Software Requirements
2.5.2 Hardware Requirements
Conclusion
CHAPTER III
ANALYSIS
3.1
Current Scenario Analysis
3.2
Requirement Analysis
3.2.1 Project Requirement
3.2.1.1 Need Analysis
3.2.1.2 User Analysis
3.2.1.3 Content Analysis
3.2.1.4Technical 'Analysis
3.2.1.5Resource Analysis
3.2.1.6Requirement Gathering
3.2.2 SoRware Requirement
3.2.3 Hardware Requirement
CHAPTER IV
3.3
Project Schedule and Milestones
3.4
Conclusion
DESIGN
4.1
Introduction
4.2
System Architecture
4.3
Preliminary Design
4.3.1 Storyboard Design
4.3.1.1 Photo Design
4.3.1.2 Photo Library Design
4.4
User Interface Design
4.4.1 Navigation Design
4.4.2 Input Design
4.4.3 Output Design
4.4.4 Database Design
4.4.5 Metaphors
4.4.6 Template Design
4.4.7 Uploading Files
4.5
CHAPTER V
Conclusion
IMPLEMENTATION
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Media Creation
5.2.1 Production of Texts
5.2.2 Production of Graphic
5.3
Media Integration
5.4
Production Configuration Management
5.4.1 Configuration ~nvironmentSetup
5.4.2 Version Control Procedure
CHAPTER VI
5.5
Implementation Status
5.6
Conclusion
TESTING AND EVALUATION
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Test Plan
6.2.1 TestUser
6.2.2 Test Environment
6.2.3 Test Schedule
6.2.4 Test Strategy
6.2.4.1 Classes of Test
6.3
Test Implementation
6.3.1 Test Description
6.3.2 Test Data
6.3.3 Test Result and Analysis
6.3.4 Analysis Testing
6.4
CHAPTER WI
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Conclusion
PROJECT CONCLUSION
7.1
Observation on Weaknesses and Strengths
105
7.2
Proposition for Improvement
106
7.3
Contribution
106
7.4
Conclusion
106
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
TITLE
Color Vocabulary
The Comparison between Photographers
The Comparison between Photo Libraries
The Comparison between D40/40X, D50 and D70s
Nikon D40X Specification
Design Elements
System's Users
Windows XP Features
Adobe Photoshop CS2 Features
PSM Activity
Three Tier System Architecture Description
Main Interface Design
Admin Interface Design
Admin View Photo Interface Design
Update Interface Design
User Interface Design
Input Design for Search Function
Input Design for Login Function
Input Design for Upload Function
Input Design for Update Function
Output Design for Update Photo
Photo Table Dictionaries
Admin Table Structure Dictionaries
Color Description
Project Text Production
Graphic Description
PAGE
Server Configuration
Version Control Procedure
The Implementation Status
Test Schedule
Functionality Testing
Usability Testing
User Acceptance Testing
Test Data for Functionality Test
Test Data for Usability Test
Test Data for User Acceptance
Mean, Median and Mode for Functionality Testing
Mean, Median and Mode for Usability Testing
Mean, Median and Mode for User Acceptance Testing
LIST OF FIGURES
DIAGRAM
TITLE
Placing the Subject
Rule of Thirds
Golden Section Rule
Diagonal Rule
The Patterns and Texture Combination
Textures
Analogous Colors
Complementary Color
Warm Colors
Cool Colors
Photo by Ted Adnan
Photo by Kevin Han
Photo by Stephen Shore
People Faces
Principles of Thirds
Unbalance Photos
Dynamic Symmetry
Symmetrical or Formal Balance
Symmetrical or Formal Balance
Asymmetrical or Informal Balance
Antarctic Photo Library Main Interface
Antarctic Photo Library Photo List
NOAA Photo Library Main Interface
NOAA Photo Library Photo List
PAGE
Science Photo Library Main Interface
Multimedia Production Process
Nikon D40X
Antarctic Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
NOAA Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
Science Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
The rose
Image Weight
The Bottom Weight Image
The Top Weight Images
Three Tier System Architecture
Photos System Architecture
Abstract
Abstract
Building
Class
Environment
Facility
Faculty
Library
Laboratory
People
UTeM Photo Library Navigation Design
User View (Grid View)
UTeM Photo Library Main Interface
User's Page
Uploading File
The Production of Texts
Production of Graphic
Media Integration Process
Mean Graph for Functionality Test
Mean Graph for Usability Test
Mean Graph for User Acceptance Test
LIST OF ABREV'IATIONS
UTeM
-
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
LCD
-
Liquid Crystal Display
NOAA
-
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
SPL
-
Science Photo Library
IS0
-
International Organization of Standardization
FTP
-
File Transfer Protocol
CSS
-
Cascading Style Sheet
xvi
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
TITLE
ATTACHMENT
Gantt Chart
UTeM Photo Library Interfaces
Photos
Coding
Questionnaires
PAGE
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Project Background
This project is to study on photo composition and creative imaging which can
control the look of photos. There are some disciplines that the photographer has to
follow while capturing photos to make it look different from others. Three basic
principles of composition define the way image elements work together. These are
balance, perspective and juxtaposition. The principles of this composition will be
study in this project.
With the development of this project, it can help the user to find photos about
UTeM campus in the easy way because the photos will be stored in one library.
The organization that will use this project is Universiti Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka (UTeM) and anyone that want to find the photos about UTeM campus. This
project is to develop the digital photo library which contains photos about UTeM.
This is much easier to find the photo that is wants to use. There will be ten areas that
will be cover in this project. The areas are Building, Faculty, Department,
Laboratory, Class, Library, Peoples, Environment, Facilities and Abstract.
1.2
Problem Statement
The project is triggered due to limited source of photos that university can use
for reference, design etc. photos that will be capture will describe about the
university to the viewers.
This project is also to do research about photo composition and creative
imaging which are not many people know. By doing the research we can learn more
about the matter. This can help to build up the techniques and skills which are very
usefbl in capturing photos.
Besides that, the difficulty to search UTeM photos required a proper photo
library to store all photos taken and shareable to all users that required it.
1.3
Objective
The objectives for this project are:
I.
To study the artistic development of photography and the use of
cameras, lenses, film and exposure designed to aid in and awareness of
camera techniques and photo composition.
This project can help to increase the awareness and understanding the
interrelationship between photography and the creative arts. It can give
cognitive information as well as an experience in creating good photographs.
The research is done more on the photos itself The way to capture the photos
to make it looks different from other photos.
ii.
To capture photos according to defined scopes that can portray the
overall scenes of the university.
The photos that will be capture are divided into category that has been
defined. Each category will have at least 20 high resolution images.
iii.
To organize and develop a digital photo website for UTeM as a photo
library.
A simple photo library web based system will be create using the
combination of three basic software which are Adobe Dreamweaver, PHP
and MySQL. The main function of the system is searching engine that help
user to search photos either by their category or by description. Other
hnctions are update, delete and insert which will be organizing by the admin.
By creating the photo library, it is much easier for user to find what types of
pictures they want to use. T h s is because, with the photo library, user can
easily access the photo as easy as they want to.
1.4
Scope
The scope of this project is to capture photos around UTeM campus and will
be use by UTeM itself and anyone for those who are interested to take a look and
download for UTeM photos. There are ten areas that will be covered during the
photo shooting which are Building, Faculty, Department, Laboratory, Class, Library,
Peoples, Environment, Facilities, and Abstract. Each of these areas will consist of at
least 20 high resolution pictures. These pictures will then be organized in a photo
library for easy access. The photo library will be developing using PHP and MySQL.
There are two modules which are Admin and User module.
1.5
Project Significance
With the development of this project, it can help by storing all the photos
about the university in one digital photo library. This can make easy if someone want
to use the photos by finding them in the library. All the photos that have been
captured will be divided into their own category that has been stated before.
From this project, the study on photo composition and creative imaging can
be done. The research is done by capturing photos around the UTeM campus. Skill is
much important to make the photos looks meaningful.
All of the photo that has been captured will be stored in one library. This is
the easy way to find which photos suitable as it use for any requirements. The photos
will be categorized with their own category. So the user can find it by the category.
From the research done, we can also study and learn about the technique of
capturing photos to make the photos looks meaningful to viewers.
1.6
Conclusion
The main purpose of developing this project is to make one digital photos
library for UTeM use and anyone for those who has an internet connection and want
to have a look at UTeM photos. Its contain pictures that will describes about this
university. This project is not just developing the photos library, but also to study on
photo composition and creative imaging which can control the look of photos.
The literature values and project methodology that shows the specific
requirements, the facts and finding that related with this project will be explain in
next chapter.
CHAPTER I1
LITERATURE R E m W & PROJECT METHODOLOGY
2.1
Introduction
This chapter describes in detail about the related literature that have been
written earlier to support the project title. It is listed the main point and it will effects
the whole project. The type and hnction of methodology that has been chosen to use
in the development of this project will be also explained in this chapter.
The literature review is referring to searching, collecting, analyzing and
making conclusion from information that has been collected. In terms of the
literature review, it is means the works that has been consulted in order to understand
and investigate in research problem.
The purpose of the literature review is to convey to reader what is knowledge
and ideas on the project. It allows reader to bring up to date regarding the state of
research in the field and familiarizes the reader with any contrasting perspectives and
viewpoints of this project.
The literature is compared based on the technique, approach and
methodology that used also opinion of author about the topic that has been research.
Next, it will explain all the hardware and sofiware that require developing the project
and project schedule that described the flow of project development.
2.2
Domain
A photograph is a story that can be a series of sentences connected to each
other. The same is true about photography. To create a photograph, it is not enough
just to take an image of something. The first impression from a photograph is
determined by the composition balance of an image.
To increase the expressiveness of your digital pictures, apply the picture
composition rules while taking the photos or modeling their edges. There are three
rules of photo composition which are Rule of Thirds, Golden Section Rule and
Diagonal Rule.
1.
Rule of Thirds
The Rule of Thirds is based on the fact that the human eye is naturally drawn
to a point about two-thirds up a page. Crop your photo so that the main subjects are
located around one of the intersection points rather than in the center of the image
Figure 2.1: Placing the Subject
Too often, photographs have their subject placed smack in the middle,
making the image look dull and uninteresting. A simple shift in composition can
change all that. The Rule of Thirds is probably one of the cardinal rules of
composition. Mentally divide your viewfinder or LCD screen into thirds, using two
vertical and two horizontal lines to create nine smaller rectangles and four points
where the lines intersect. It has been repeatedly shown that by placing objects over
these intersections, a pleasing and balanced arrangement often results, whether the
composition is horizontal or vertical. When an image's center of interest is placed at
one of these intersections, balance in the picture can often be achieved by placing a
secondary object known as a "counterpoint" at the opposing intersection.
As mentioned earlier, the "Rule of Thirds" is not a rule at all but it's a
guideline, intended to help when you are uncertain as to the placement of elements in
a scene when framing the picture. By ignoring the rule, you may still have a great
picture, depending on the content of the image and how well its elements are
balanced. For example, if you want your viewer to ignore all other parts of your
composition, then place your center of interest smack in the middle, like a bull's eye.
The important thing is to note the reasons for object placement in your images.
Figure 2.2: Rule of Thirds
ii.
Golden Section Rule
It has been found that certain points in a picture's composition automatically
attract the viewer's attention. Similarly, many natural or man-made objects and
scenes with certain proportions whether by chance or by design automatically please
us. Leonardo da Vinci investigated the principle that underlies our notions of beauty
and harmony and called it the Golden Section. Long before Leonardo, however,
Babylonian, Egyptian, and ancient Greek masters also applied the Golden Section
proportion in architecture and art.
JUDUL: DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM: A STUDY ON PHOTO
COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
SESI PENGAJIAN: 2 - 200712008
Saya
RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR
(HURUF BESAR)
mengaku membenarkan tesis (PSM/Sqana/Doktor Falsafah) ini disimpan di
Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Malilumat dan Komunikasi dengan syarat-syarat
kegunaan seperti berikut :
1. Tesis dan projek adalah h a h l i k Universiti Tehikal Malaysia Melaka.
2. Pepustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan
membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja
3. Perpustakaan Fakulti Teknologi Maklumat dan Komunikasi dibenarkan
membuat salinan tesis ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi penglian
tinggi.
4. ** Sila tandakan ( I )
/
SULIT
(Mengandungt maklumat yang berdqah
keselamatan untuk kepentingan Malaysia
seperti yang termaktub di dalam AKTA
M S I A M S M I 1972)
TERHAD
(Mengandungt maklumat TERHAD yang telah
ditentukan oleh organisasi/badan di mana
penyelidikan dijalankan)
TIDAK TERHAD
ihb
Alarnat tetap: No. 3, Jln. Forest Heights 1,
Seremban Forest Heights, 70450
Seremban, Negeri Sembilan.
Tarikh: 2 y 3 4 d sag
(TANDAT GAN PENYELIA)
Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah
Nama Penyelia
Tarikh:
CATATAN: *Tesis dimaksudkan sebagai Laporan Akhir Projek Sarjana Muda
(PSM)
** Jika tesis ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada
plhak berkuasa.
DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM:
A STUDY ON PHOTO COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR
This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
Bachelor of Computer Science (Interactive Media)
FACULTY OF INFORMATION AND C O M i C A T I O N TECHNOLOGY
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
2008
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this project report entitled
DIGITAL PHOTO LIBRARY FOR UTeM:
A STUDY ON PHOTO COMPOSITION AND CREATIVE IMAGING
is written by me and is my oivn effort and that no part has been plagiarized
without citations
STUDENT
:
@ ' /
Date: L7 T v ~
h o t
(RAFIDAH BINTI JA'AFAR)
SUPERVISOR:
ate:
(MUHAMMAD HAZIQ LIM BIN ABDULLAI-I)
flqEJ 2N
DEDICATION
To my beloved husband, Mohd Fazreen Mohd who always give a full of support,
My beloved mother and father, Ja'afar Abd. Rahman & Khadijah Mohd Asmawi,
and Mohd Jamuri & Norsah Abu Bakar who are always motivate me,
Supervisor, Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah for the guidance and ideas,
All my friends for giving me support to finish up this project.
Thanks a lot.
First of all, praise to Allah S.W.T. because of His will I could complete my project
even though I have to work hard for it. I would like to thank to my supervisor Mr.
Muhammad Haziq Lim Abdullah for giving assistant to complete this project
successfully.
I would also like to thank my beloved husband and parents who have been giving me
support and motivation throughout my project.
Also to all my friends who are always give me support to finish this project.
ABSTRACT
Digital Photo Library for UTeM: A Study on Photo Composition and
Creative Imaging is a project that is combines the study on photo composition and
the development of web base photo library system. The main purpose of this project
is to study on the photo composition. There are three rules that will be study in this
project which are The Rule of Third, The Golden Section Rule and The Diagonal
Rule. All the rule will be apply as a technique to capture the UTeM photos. Then, all
the photos that have been captured will be stored in the web base photo library
system for an easy access. The web base photo library system will be developing
using PHP lanwage and MySQL database.
ABSTRAK
"Ilig'tai Photo I,ibrary for 7JTeM: A Sfu@ on Photo Composition and
('reafise Imaging" mempakan satu projek yang menggabungkan kajian mengenai
komposisi foto dan pembangunan sebuah sistem berasaskan web bagi menyimpan
foto. Tujuan utama projek ini dibangunkan adalah untuk mengkaji mengenai
komposisi foto. Terdapat tiga teknik yang biasa digunakan untuk merakam foto iaitu
"liule gf Third". "Golden Section Rtile dan "Diagonal Rule ". Teknik-teknik ini
akan digunakan semasa merakam foto-foto di sekitar kampus UTeM. Gambargambar tersebut kemudiannya akan dikumpul dan disimpan di dalam sistem bagi
memudahkan pencarian. Sistem ini akan dibangunkar! menggunakan bahasa
pengaturcaraan PHP dan MySQL sebagai pangkalan data.
"
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
CHAPTER I
CHAPTER I1
SUBJECT
PAGE
DECLARATION
ii
DEDICATION
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
iv
ABSTRACT
v
ABSTRAK
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
vii
LIST OF TABLES
xi
LIST OF FIGURES
xii
LIST OF ABREVIATIONS
xv
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
xvi
INTRODUCTON
1.1
Project Background
1.2
Problem Statement
1.3
Objective
1.4
Scope
1.5
Project Significance
1.6
Conclusion
LITERATURE REVIEW & PROJECT
METHODOLOGY
2.1
. Introduction
Domain
2.2.1 UTeM Photo Library System
Existing System
2.3.1 Photographic Composition
2.3.2 Existing Photo Library
2.3.2.1Antarctic Photo Library
2.3.2.2NOAA Photo Library
2.3.2.3 Science Photo Library
2.3.3 Comparison of Existing System
Project Methodology
Pre-Production
2.4.1.1 Define ideas
2.4.1.2 Select Hardware
2.4.1.3 Scout for Location
Production
2.4.2.1 Photo Shooting
2.4.2.2 Produce Library
Post-Production
2.4.3.1 Archiving
2.4.3.2 Testing and Evaluation
Project Requirements
2.5.1 Software Requirements
2.5.2 Hardware Requirements
Conclusion
CHAPTER III
ANALYSIS
3.1
Current Scenario Analysis
3.2
Requirement Analysis
3.2.1 Project Requirement
3.2.1.1 Need Analysis
3.2.1.2 User Analysis
3.2.1.3 Content Analysis
3.2.1.4Technical 'Analysis
3.2.1.5Resource Analysis
3.2.1.6Requirement Gathering
3.2.2 SoRware Requirement
3.2.3 Hardware Requirement
CHAPTER IV
3.3
Project Schedule and Milestones
3.4
Conclusion
DESIGN
4.1
Introduction
4.2
System Architecture
4.3
Preliminary Design
4.3.1 Storyboard Design
4.3.1.1 Photo Design
4.3.1.2 Photo Library Design
4.4
User Interface Design
4.4.1 Navigation Design
4.4.2 Input Design
4.4.3 Output Design
4.4.4 Database Design
4.4.5 Metaphors
4.4.6 Template Design
4.4.7 Uploading Files
4.5
CHAPTER V
Conclusion
IMPLEMENTATION
5.1
Introduction
5.2
Media Creation
5.2.1 Production of Texts
5.2.2 Production of Graphic
5.3
Media Integration
5.4
Production Configuration Management
5.4.1 Configuration ~nvironmentSetup
5.4.2 Version Control Procedure
CHAPTER VI
5.5
Implementation Status
5.6
Conclusion
TESTING AND EVALUATION
6.1
Introduction
6.2
Test Plan
6.2.1 TestUser
6.2.2 Test Environment
6.2.3 Test Schedule
6.2.4 Test Strategy
6.2.4.1 Classes of Test
6.3
Test Implementation
6.3.1 Test Description
6.3.2 Test Data
6.3.3 Test Result and Analysis
6.3.4 Analysis Testing
6.4
CHAPTER WI
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Conclusion
PROJECT CONCLUSION
7.1
Observation on Weaknesses and Strengths
105
7.2
Proposition for Improvement
106
7.3
Contribution
106
7.4
Conclusion
106
LIST OF TABLES
TABLE
TITLE
Color Vocabulary
The Comparison between Photographers
The Comparison between Photo Libraries
The Comparison between D40/40X, D50 and D70s
Nikon D40X Specification
Design Elements
System's Users
Windows XP Features
Adobe Photoshop CS2 Features
PSM Activity
Three Tier System Architecture Description
Main Interface Design
Admin Interface Design
Admin View Photo Interface Design
Update Interface Design
User Interface Design
Input Design for Search Function
Input Design for Login Function
Input Design for Upload Function
Input Design for Update Function
Output Design for Update Photo
Photo Table Dictionaries
Admin Table Structure Dictionaries
Color Description
Project Text Production
Graphic Description
PAGE
Server Configuration
Version Control Procedure
The Implementation Status
Test Schedule
Functionality Testing
Usability Testing
User Acceptance Testing
Test Data for Functionality Test
Test Data for Usability Test
Test Data for User Acceptance
Mean, Median and Mode for Functionality Testing
Mean, Median and Mode for Usability Testing
Mean, Median and Mode for User Acceptance Testing
LIST OF FIGURES
DIAGRAM
TITLE
Placing the Subject
Rule of Thirds
Golden Section Rule
Diagonal Rule
The Patterns and Texture Combination
Textures
Analogous Colors
Complementary Color
Warm Colors
Cool Colors
Photo by Ted Adnan
Photo by Kevin Han
Photo by Stephen Shore
People Faces
Principles of Thirds
Unbalance Photos
Dynamic Symmetry
Symmetrical or Formal Balance
Symmetrical or Formal Balance
Asymmetrical or Informal Balance
Antarctic Photo Library Main Interface
Antarctic Photo Library Photo List
NOAA Photo Library Main Interface
NOAA Photo Library Photo List
PAGE
Science Photo Library Main Interface
Multimedia Production Process
Nikon D40X
Antarctic Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
NOAA Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
Science Photo Library Page's Link Flowchart
The rose
Image Weight
The Bottom Weight Image
The Top Weight Images
Three Tier System Architecture
Photos System Architecture
Abstract
Abstract
Building
Class
Environment
Facility
Faculty
Library
Laboratory
People
UTeM Photo Library Navigation Design
User View (Grid View)
UTeM Photo Library Main Interface
User's Page
Uploading File
The Production of Texts
Production of Graphic
Media Integration Process
Mean Graph for Functionality Test
Mean Graph for Usability Test
Mean Graph for User Acceptance Test
LIST OF ABREV'IATIONS
UTeM
-
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
LCD
-
Liquid Crystal Display
NOAA
-
National Oceanic and Atmospheric
SPL
-
Science Photo Library
IS0
-
International Organization of Standardization
FTP
-
File Transfer Protocol
CSS
-
Cascading Style Sheet
xvi
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
TITLE
ATTACHMENT
Gantt Chart
UTeM Photo Library Interfaces
Photos
Coding
Questionnaires
PAGE
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Project Background
This project is to study on photo composition and creative imaging which can
control the look of photos. There are some disciplines that the photographer has to
follow while capturing photos to make it look different from others. Three basic
principles of composition define the way image elements work together. These are
balance, perspective and juxtaposition. The principles of this composition will be
study in this project.
With the development of this project, it can help the user to find photos about
UTeM campus in the easy way because the photos will be stored in one library.
The organization that will use this project is Universiti Teknikal Malaysia
Melaka (UTeM) and anyone that want to find the photos about UTeM campus. This
project is to develop the digital photo library which contains photos about UTeM.
This is much easier to find the photo that is wants to use. There will be ten areas that
will be cover in this project. The areas are Building, Faculty, Department,
Laboratory, Class, Library, Peoples, Environment, Facilities and Abstract.
1.2
Problem Statement
The project is triggered due to limited source of photos that university can use
for reference, design etc. photos that will be capture will describe about the
university to the viewers.
This project is also to do research about photo composition and creative
imaging which are not many people know. By doing the research we can learn more
about the matter. This can help to build up the techniques and skills which are very
usefbl in capturing photos.
Besides that, the difficulty to search UTeM photos required a proper photo
library to store all photos taken and shareable to all users that required it.
1.3
Objective
The objectives for this project are:
I.
To study the artistic development of photography and the use of
cameras, lenses, film and exposure designed to aid in and awareness of
camera techniques and photo composition.
This project can help to increase the awareness and understanding the
interrelationship between photography and the creative arts. It can give
cognitive information as well as an experience in creating good photographs.
The research is done more on the photos itself The way to capture the photos
to make it looks different from other photos.
ii.
To capture photos according to defined scopes that can portray the
overall scenes of the university.
The photos that will be capture are divided into category that has been
defined. Each category will have at least 20 high resolution images.
iii.
To organize and develop a digital photo website for UTeM as a photo
library.
A simple photo library web based system will be create using the
combination of three basic software which are Adobe Dreamweaver, PHP
and MySQL. The main function of the system is searching engine that help
user to search photos either by their category or by description. Other
hnctions are update, delete and insert which will be organizing by the admin.
By creating the photo library, it is much easier for user to find what types of
pictures they want to use. T h s is because, with the photo library, user can
easily access the photo as easy as they want to.
1.4
Scope
The scope of this project is to capture photos around UTeM campus and will
be use by UTeM itself and anyone for those who are interested to take a look and
download for UTeM photos. There are ten areas that will be covered during the
photo shooting which are Building, Faculty, Department, Laboratory, Class, Library,
Peoples, Environment, Facilities, and Abstract. Each of these areas will consist of at
least 20 high resolution pictures. These pictures will then be organized in a photo
library for easy access. The photo library will be developing using PHP and MySQL.
There are two modules which are Admin and User module.
1.5
Project Significance
With the development of this project, it can help by storing all the photos
about the university in one digital photo library. This can make easy if someone want
to use the photos by finding them in the library. All the photos that have been
captured will be divided into their own category that has been stated before.
From this project, the study on photo composition and creative imaging can
be done. The research is done by capturing photos around the UTeM campus. Skill is
much important to make the photos looks meaningful.
All of the photo that has been captured will be stored in one library. This is
the easy way to find which photos suitable as it use for any requirements. The photos
will be categorized with their own category. So the user can find it by the category.
From the research done, we can also study and learn about the technique of
capturing photos to make the photos looks meaningful to viewers.
1.6
Conclusion
The main purpose of developing this project is to make one digital photos
library for UTeM use and anyone for those who has an internet connection and want
to have a look at UTeM photos. Its contain pictures that will describes about this
university. This project is not just developing the photos library, but also to study on
photo composition and creative imaging which can control the look of photos.
The literature values and project methodology that shows the specific
requirements, the facts and finding that related with this project will be explain in
next chapter.
CHAPTER I1
LITERATURE R E m W & PROJECT METHODOLOGY
2.1
Introduction
This chapter describes in detail about the related literature that have been
written earlier to support the project title. It is listed the main point and it will effects
the whole project. The type and hnction of methodology that has been chosen to use
in the development of this project will be also explained in this chapter.
The literature review is referring to searching, collecting, analyzing and
making conclusion from information that has been collected. In terms of the
literature review, it is means the works that has been consulted in order to understand
and investigate in research problem.
The purpose of the literature review is to convey to reader what is knowledge
and ideas on the project. It allows reader to bring up to date regarding the state of
research in the field and familiarizes the reader with any contrasting perspectives and
viewpoints of this project.
The literature is compared based on the technique, approach and
methodology that used also opinion of author about the topic that has been research.
Next, it will explain all the hardware and sofiware that require developing the project
and project schedule that described the flow of project development.
2.2
Domain
A photograph is a story that can be a series of sentences connected to each
other. The same is true about photography. To create a photograph, it is not enough
just to take an image of something. The first impression from a photograph is
determined by the composition balance of an image.
To increase the expressiveness of your digital pictures, apply the picture
composition rules while taking the photos or modeling their edges. There are three
rules of photo composition which are Rule of Thirds, Golden Section Rule and
Diagonal Rule.
1.
Rule of Thirds
The Rule of Thirds is based on the fact that the human eye is naturally drawn
to a point about two-thirds up a page. Crop your photo so that the main subjects are
located around one of the intersection points rather than in the center of the image
Figure 2.1: Placing the Subject
Too often, photographs have their subject placed smack in the middle,
making the image look dull and uninteresting. A simple shift in composition can
change all that. The Rule of Thirds is probably one of the cardinal rules of
composition. Mentally divide your viewfinder or LCD screen into thirds, using two
vertical and two horizontal lines to create nine smaller rectangles and four points
where the lines intersect. It has been repeatedly shown that by placing objects over
these intersections, a pleasing and balanced arrangement often results, whether the
composition is horizontal or vertical. When an image's center of interest is placed at
one of these intersections, balance in the picture can often be achieved by placing a
secondary object known as a "counterpoint" at the opposing intersection.
As mentioned earlier, the "Rule of Thirds" is not a rule at all but it's a
guideline, intended to help when you are uncertain as to the placement of elements in
a scene when framing the picture. By ignoring the rule, you may still have a great
picture, depending on the content of the image and how well its elements are
balanced. For example, if you want your viewer to ignore all other parts of your
composition, then place your center of interest smack in the middle, like a bull's eye.
The important thing is to note the reasons for object placement in your images.
Figure 2.2: Rule of Thirds
ii.
Golden Section Rule
It has been found that certain points in a picture's composition automatically
attract the viewer's attention. Similarly, many natural or man-made objects and
scenes with certain proportions whether by chance or by design automatically please
us. Leonardo da Vinci investigated the principle that underlies our notions of beauty
and harmony and called it the Golden Section. Long before Leonardo, however,
Babylonian, Egyptian, and ancient Greek masters also applied the Golden Section
proportion in architecture and art.