A STUDY OF ANNIE SULLIVAN’S MOTIVATIONS TO TEACH HELEN KELLER IN WILLIAM GIBSON’S FILM “THE MIRACLE WORKER”
A STUDY OF ANNIE SULLIVAN’S MOTIVATIONS TO
TEACH HELEN KELLER IN WILLIAM GIBSON’S FILM
“THE MIRACLE WORKER”
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana
Degree in English Education
THESIS
BY:
MUKHLISAH AQJ
07360095
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2014
i
This thesis written by Mukhlisah AQJ was approved on January, 2014
By
Advisor I
Advisor II
Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M. Hum
ii
Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
On January 28, 2014
Approved By:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Dean,
Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M. Kes
Examiners:
Signatures:
1. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si
1. …………….
2. Dian Inayati, M.A
2. …………….
3. Dra. Thathit Manon A., M.Hum
3. …………….
4. Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed
4. ……………
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise to be to Allah SWT, the Merciful and Charitable. Because
of His guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis.
The writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Dra. Thathit Manon
Andini, M. Hum, her first advisor and Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed, her second advisor, for
their valuable guidance, advices and suggestions during the consultation period, and
their comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
Finally, special thank goes to her beloved mother (Nurhayati), father (AQJ), her
husband (Perdamaian), and her three little children, her sisters (Yuni and Wida), her
friend in DurNa (Mi2, Maydina, n Uphe) for their encouragement, love, care, and prays
so that she can finish this thesis.
Malang, January 2014
Mukhlisah AQJ
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL .................................................................................................... .i
LEGALIZATION .......................................................................................... .ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... .iii
ACKNOWLEDMENTS ................................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... .v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. .vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................. 1
1.2 Problems of the Study ................................................................................. 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................... 4
1.4 Scope and Limitation .................................................................................. 4
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................................ 5
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms........................................................................ 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2. l Literature ................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Definition of Literature ............................................................................ 7
2.1.2 Kinds of Literature ................................................................................... 8
2.1.3 Characteristic of Literature ....................................................................... 8
2.2 Film ............................................................................................................ 9
2.2.1 Definition of film ..................................................................................... 9
2.2.2 Genres of Film ...................................................................................... 9
2.2.3 Film and Drama .................................................................................... 14
iv
2.2.4 Elements of Film .................................................................................. 16
2.2.4.1 Plot ..................................................................................................... 16
2.2.4.2 Conflict ............................................................................................... 17
2.2.4.3 Characterization .................................................................................. 17
2.2.4.4 Setting................................................................................................. 18
2.2.4.5 Imagery ............................................................................................... 18
2.2.4.6 Theme ................................................................................................. 18
2.2.4.7 Symbol................................................................................................ 18
2.2.4.8 Dialogue ............................................................................................. 18
2.3 Motivation ................................................................................................ 19
2.3.1 Kinds of Motivation ............................................................................. 19
2.3.2 Types of Motivation ............................................................................. 20
2.3.3 Effects of Motivation............................................................................ 20
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research and Design ................................................................................. 22
3.2 Research Instrument.................................................................................. 23
3.3 Approach .................................................................................................. 23
3.3.1 Mimetic Approach ................................................................................. 24
3.3.2 Pragmatic Approach ............................................................................... 24
3.3.3 Expressive Approach ............................................................................. 24
3.3.4 Objective Approach ............................................................................... 24
3.4 The Object of the Study ............................................................................ 25
3.5 Data Collection ......................................................................................... 25
3.6 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 26
v
CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Finding ..................................................................................................... 27
4.1.1 Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Teach Helen Keller........................... 27
4.1.1.1 Intrinsic motivations .......................................................................... 27
a. Annie realizes that she and Helen were the same as disability persons…..28
b. Annie does not want Helen becomes a spoil girl…………………………29
4.1.1.2 Extrinsic motivations ......................................................................... 30
a. Dr. Anagnos’s Suggestion ......................................................................... 30
b. Helen family’s supports ............................................................................. 32
c. Helen’s strong willing to study .................................................................. 34
4.1.2 The Effects of Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Helen Keller ............. 36
4.1.2.1 Helen succeeded to understand the lessons ....................................... 36
4.1.2.2 Helen succeeded to change her image from the wild child to the wellbehaved child ................................................................................................. 37
4.1.2.3 Helen becomes an independent girl................................................... 39
4.2 Discussion ............................................................................................... 40
4.3 Lessons .................................................................................................... 41
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 43
5.1.1 Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Teach Helen Keller........................... 43
5.1.2 The Effects of Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Helen Keller.............. 43
5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................ 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
vi
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. Canada: Wadsworth.
Buck, Ross. 1998. Human Motivation and Emotion. New York: Wiley.
Colman, Felecity. 2009. Film, Theory and Philosophy: The Key Thinkers. Montreal:
McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Franken, E. Robert. 2007. Human Motivation. Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
Kennedy, X. J. 1983. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama
(Third Edition). USA: Little, Brown and Company.
Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryo Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta:
Depdikbud.
Macmillan. 1984. Appreciating Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
Morris & Maisto. 2003. Understanding Psychology ( 6th). USA. Pearson Education.
Neale, Steve. 2000. Genre and Hollywood. New York: Routledge.
O’pray, Michael. 2004. Film, Form and Phantasy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ormrod, Ellis Jeanne. 2003. Educational Psychology Developing Learners. Ohio:
Merrill Printice Hall.
Petri. L. Harbert, Govert. 2004. Motivatio Theory, Research, and Applications.
Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
vii
Santrock, W. John. 2008. Education Psychology. Boston Borr Ridge: Mc Graw Hill.
Sehmidt, Bogarat, Crocket. 2006. Legacies: Fiction, Poetry, Drama Nonfiction (third
edition). USA: Thomson Wadsworth.
viii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter the writer would like to present background of the study,
problem of the study, purposes of the study, scope and limitation, significance of
the study, and also the definition of key terms. It is important to discuss and make
clear what actually the writer’s background in conducting this research.
1.1 Background of the Study
As human being, our life is always influenced by some aspects. One of the
important aspects is language. Language is human’s way to express their feeling
and ideas, and also to communicate with others. Without language, people can get
difficulties to express what they want to say and to share their thought with others.
Therefore, people should learn about language as many as they can and as soon as
possible. Language can be studied not only from linguistics aspect, such as
sosiolinguistic, psycholinguistic, phonology, morphology, and syntax; but also
from literary aspect, such as plot, theme, and character.
According to Kennedy (1983: 5) “Literature is a kind of art, usually written
that offer pleasure and illumination”. In other words, it can be said that literature
is writing which expresses and communicates thoughts, feelings, and attitudes
toward life. In conclusion, literature is identical with life. It can be seen that
literature is a true picture or reflection of human’s life. It describes what and how
human life usually happens in the society.
1
Some people think that appreciating and comprehending literature make
them feel bored, uninterested, confused and waste their time because it is only the
author’s imagination. But others think that literature is interesting, challenging,
and easy to understand. By reading literature, people will get new knowledge
about life because literary work also reflects the human concept of ide, thought,
comparison, and concept of life.
Literature has some branches that can be classified into songs, films, poems,
short stories, novels, essay, drama, etc. While, in this study, the writer tries to
choose one of the literary works that is film.
The use of language in film establishes the connections to literature.
Literature and film share the ability to employ the structures and devices of
narrative. Sequence of images on screen told a story and this is equivalent to the
sequence of words on page. Film is a medium that may be used to produce artistic
results (Arnheim, p 8). In other opinion, Bazin (in Colman, 2009: 17) said that
film is a combination of different parts, expressions, technologies and events.
From the statement above, the writer tries to choose film as the subject of
the study for some reasons. First, the expressions or acts of the actors and
actresses can give the audiences the real entertainment. Second, the technologies
(visual and sound effect) that support the background of film attract the
audiences’ attention because the story can make them drift inside the film with the
feeling of scared, angry, sad, excited, etc. Third, the events (the story of the film)
that can be based on experience, phenomena or imagination can give the audience
2
knowledge about life style, language, and culture; also solution to solve problems,
the way of thinking and so on.
For the study, the writer chooses the film entitled “The Miracle Worker”.
This great film is based on the true story and it’s used as the reference in
psychological field. It told about a little blind, deaf and mute girl and her teacher
who succeeded in teaching her pupil. It began when Helen got severe case of
scarlet fever in her twenty second months old. Her inability to communicate had
left her frustrated and violent. Unable to communicate her desires, the isolated
Helen flew into uncontrollable rages that terrified her helpless family. In
desperation, her parents sought help from the Perkins Institute, which sent a halfblind best student named Annie Sullivan to them to tutor their daughter. With
patience and affection, and also stubbornness, she broke through Helen's walls of
silence and darkness and taught her to communicate.
Many writers (e.g. Ramawati, 2012; Pratiwi, 2013) focus their study on
research about Helen Keller, the main character in this film, as disability person in
this film. Yet after knowing the glance about the film, the writer wanted to focus
about Helen’s teacher, Annie Sullivan. Another writer focus their analysis about
Annie Sullivan’s struggle in tutoring Helen, here the writer wants to know about
Annie Sullivan’s motivations, as another main character, in teaching Helen Keller,
and also result of her assistance to Helen Keller.
Based on the explanations above, the writer focused on Annie Sullivan’s
motivations in teaching her pupil, so this study is entitled “An Study of Annie
3
Sullivan’s Motivation to Teach Helen Keller in William Gibson’s Film “The
Miracle Worker””.
1.2 Problems of the Study
1. What are Annie Sullivan’s motivations to teach Helen Keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker” ?
2. What are the effects of Annie Sullivan’s motivations to Helen keller found
in William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”?
1.3 Purposes of the Study
1. To identify Anni Sullivan’s motivations to teach Helen Keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”.
2. To know the effects of Anni Sullivan’s motivation to Helen keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”.
1.4 Scope and Limitation
As scope of this study, the writer intends to analyze William Gibson’s film
entitled “The Miracle Worker”. Actually, there are many topics that can be
discussed and analized in this story such as the experiences of the main characters,
the kinds of conflicts, the lesson and theme, etc. The writer only focuses on
motivation. As we know that teaching a blind, deaf and mute girl is really hard
and difficult, moreover this girl is also uncontrollable and violent. So that, her
teacher’s motivation to teach this kind of girl is interesting to discuss. Meanwhile,
4
for the limitation of the study, the writer tries to discuss about the main character’s
motivations, Annie Sullivan, specifically on Annie Sullivan’s motivation to teach
her pupil and the effect of Annie Sullivan’s motivation to her pupil.
1.5 Significance of the Study
Generally, the result of this study is expected to be able to encourage the
readers; especially the students of English Departement in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang; to pay more attentions to the literature in order the
teaching learning literature process will run better as well as the lecturer and the
students hope. Besides, the students that read this study will get more information
and knowledge about literature. This study also can be used as the reference when
the students want to analyze film. Specifically, this study is expected to give a
model in analyzing someone’s motivation from film.
1.6 The Definition of Key Terms
Motivation is is something that energize, direct, and sustains behavior.
(Santrock, 2008: 451)
Film is a combination of different parts, expressions, technologies and events.
(Bazin in Colman, 2009: 17)
Annie Sullivan is a teacher of Helen Keller. She is the main character of the
film and she is based on the real person.
5
Helen Keller is Annie Sullivan’s pupil, that deaf and blind. In this film, she is
also the main character and she is based on the real person.
William Gibson is the author of “The Miracle Worker”.
“The Miracle Worker” is the title of film that will be discussed in this study.
6
TEACH HELEN KELLER IN WILLIAM GIBSON’S FILM
“THE MIRACLE WORKER”
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana
Degree in English Education
THESIS
BY:
MUKHLISAH AQJ
07360095
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2014
i
This thesis written by Mukhlisah AQJ was approved on January, 2014
By
Advisor I
Advisor II
Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M. Hum
ii
Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of the Faculty of Teacher
Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education
On January 28, 2014
Approved By:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education
University of Muhammadiyah Malang
Dean,
Dr. Poncojari Wahyono, M. Kes
Examiners:
Signatures:
1. Dra. Erly Wahyuni, M.Si
1. …………….
2. Dian Inayati, M.A
2. …………….
3. Dra. Thathit Manon A., M.Hum
3. …………….
4. Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed
4. ……………
iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, all praise to be to Allah SWT, the Merciful and Charitable. Because
of His guidance, blessing and affection, the writer can finish this thesis.
The writer would like to express her deepest gratitude to Dra. Thathit Manon
Andini, M. Hum, her first advisor and Drs. Mas’udi, M, Ed, her second advisor, for
their valuable guidance, advices and suggestions during the consultation period, and
their comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
Finally, special thank goes to her beloved mother (Nurhayati), father (AQJ), her
husband (Perdamaian), and her three little children, her sisters (Yuni and Wida), her
friend in DurNa (Mi2, Maydina, n Uphe) for their encouragement, love, care, and prays
so that she can finish this thesis.
Malang, January 2014
Mukhlisah AQJ
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
APPROVAL .................................................................................................... .i
LEGALIZATION .......................................................................................... .ii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... .iii
ACKNOWLEDMENTS ................................................................................. iv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... .v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. .vi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ............................................................................. 1
1.2 Problems of the Study ................................................................................. 4
1.3 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................... 4
1.4 Scope and Limitation .................................................................................. 4
1.5 Significance of the Study ............................................................................ 5
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms........................................................................ 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2. l Literature ................................................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Definition of Literature ............................................................................ 7
2.1.2 Kinds of Literature ................................................................................... 8
2.1.3 Characteristic of Literature ....................................................................... 8
2.2 Film ............................................................................................................ 9
2.2.1 Definition of film ..................................................................................... 9
2.2.2 Genres of Film ...................................................................................... 9
2.2.3 Film and Drama .................................................................................... 14
iv
2.2.4 Elements of Film .................................................................................. 16
2.2.4.1 Plot ..................................................................................................... 16
2.2.4.2 Conflict ............................................................................................... 17
2.2.4.3 Characterization .................................................................................. 17
2.2.4.4 Setting................................................................................................. 18
2.2.4.5 Imagery ............................................................................................... 18
2.2.4.6 Theme ................................................................................................. 18
2.2.4.7 Symbol................................................................................................ 18
2.2.4.8 Dialogue ............................................................................................. 18
2.3 Motivation ................................................................................................ 19
2.3.1 Kinds of Motivation ............................................................................. 19
2.3.2 Types of Motivation ............................................................................. 20
2.3.3 Effects of Motivation............................................................................ 20
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research and Design ................................................................................. 22
3.2 Research Instrument.................................................................................. 23
3.3 Approach .................................................................................................. 23
3.3.1 Mimetic Approach ................................................................................. 24
3.3.2 Pragmatic Approach ............................................................................... 24
3.3.3 Expressive Approach ............................................................................. 24
3.3.4 Objective Approach ............................................................................... 24
3.4 The Object of the Study ............................................................................ 25
3.5 Data Collection ......................................................................................... 25
3.6 Data Analysis ............................................................................................ 26
v
CHAPTER IV: FINDING AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Finding ..................................................................................................... 27
4.1.1 Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Teach Helen Keller........................... 27
4.1.1.1 Intrinsic motivations .......................................................................... 27
a. Annie realizes that she and Helen were the same as disability persons…..28
b. Annie does not want Helen becomes a spoil girl…………………………29
4.1.1.2 Extrinsic motivations ......................................................................... 30
a. Dr. Anagnos’s Suggestion ......................................................................... 30
b. Helen family’s supports ............................................................................. 32
c. Helen’s strong willing to study .................................................................. 34
4.1.2 The Effects of Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Helen Keller ............. 36
4.1.2.1 Helen succeeded to understand the lessons ....................................... 36
4.1.2.2 Helen succeeded to change her image from the wild child to the wellbehaved child ................................................................................................. 37
4.1.2.3 Helen becomes an independent girl................................................... 39
4.2 Discussion ............................................................................................... 40
4.3 Lessons .................................................................................................... 41
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1 Conclusion ................................................................................................ 43
5.1.1 Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Teach Helen Keller........................... 43
5.1.2 The Effects of Annie Sullivan’s Motivations to Helen Keller.............. 43
5.2 Suggestion ................................................................................................ 44
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
vi
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Ary, Donald. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education. Canada: Wadsworth.
Buck, Ross. 1998. Human Motivation and Emotion. New York: Wiley.
Colman, Felecity. 2009. Film, Theory and Philosophy: The Key Thinkers. Montreal:
McGill-Queen’s University Press.
Franken, E. Robert. 2007. Human Motivation. Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
Kennedy, X. J. 1983. Literature: An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry and Drama
(Third Edition). USA: Little, Brown and Company.
Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryo Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta:
Depdikbud.
Macmillan. 1984. Appreciating Literature. New York: Macmillan Publishing.
Morris & Maisto. 2003. Understanding Psychology ( 6th). USA. Pearson Education.
Neale, Steve. 2000. Genre and Hollywood. New York: Routledge.
O’pray, Michael. 2004. Film, Form and Phantasy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
Ormrod, Ellis Jeanne. 2003. Educational Psychology Developing Learners. Ohio:
Merrill Printice Hall.
Petri. L. Harbert, Govert. 2004. Motivatio Theory, Research, and Applications.
Australia: Thomson Wadsworth.
vii
Santrock, W. John. 2008. Education Psychology. Boston Borr Ridge: Mc Graw Hill.
Sehmidt, Bogarat, Crocket. 2006. Legacies: Fiction, Poetry, Drama Nonfiction (third
edition). USA: Thomson Wadsworth.
viii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
In this chapter the writer would like to present background of the study,
problem of the study, purposes of the study, scope and limitation, significance of
the study, and also the definition of key terms. It is important to discuss and make
clear what actually the writer’s background in conducting this research.
1.1 Background of the Study
As human being, our life is always influenced by some aspects. One of the
important aspects is language. Language is human’s way to express their feeling
and ideas, and also to communicate with others. Without language, people can get
difficulties to express what they want to say and to share their thought with others.
Therefore, people should learn about language as many as they can and as soon as
possible. Language can be studied not only from linguistics aspect, such as
sosiolinguistic, psycholinguistic, phonology, morphology, and syntax; but also
from literary aspect, such as plot, theme, and character.
According to Kennedy (1983: 5) “Literature is a kind of art, usually written
that offer pleasure and illumination”. In other words, it can be said that literature
is writing which expresses and communicates thoughts, feelings, and attitudes
toward life. In conclusion, literature is identical with life. It can be seen that
literature is a true picture or reflection of human’s life. It describes what and how
human life usually happens in the society.
1
Some people think that appreciating and comprehending literature make
them feel bored, uninterested, confused and waste their time because it is only the
author’s imagination. But others think that literature is interesting, challenging,
and easy to understand. By reading literature, people will get new knowledge
about life because literary work also reflects the human concept of ide, thought,
comparison, and concept of life.
Literature has some branches that can be classified into songs, films, poems,
short stories, novels, essay, drama, etc. While, in this study, the writer tries to
choose one of the literary works that is film.
The use of language in film establishes the connections to literature.
Literature and film share the ability to employ the structures and devices of
narrative. Sequence of images on screen told a story and this is equivalent to the
sequence of words on page. Film is a medium that may be used to produce artistic
results (Arnheim, p 8). In other opinion, Bazin (in Colman, 2009: 17) said that
film is a combination of different parts, expressions, technologies and events.
From the statement above, the writer tries to choose film as the subject of
the study for some reasons. First, the expressions or acts of the actors and
actresses can give the audiences the real entertainment. Second, the technologies
(visual and sound effect) that support the background of film attract the
audiences’ attention because the story can make them drift inside the film with the
feeling of scared, angry, sad, excited, etc. Third, the events (the story of the film)
that can be based on experience, phenomena or imagination can give the audience
2
knowledge about life style, language, and culture; also solution to solve problems,
the way of thinking and so on.
For the study, the writer chooses the film entitled “The Miracle Worker”.
This great film is based on the true story and it’s used as the reference in
psychological field. It told about a little blind, deaf and mute girl and her teacher
who succeeded in teaching her pupil. It began when Helen got severe case of
scarlet fever in her twenty second months old. Her inability to communicate had
left her frustrated and violent. Unable to communicate her desires, the isolated
Helen flew into uncontrollable rages that terrified her helpless family. In
desperation, her parents sought help from the Perkins Institute, which sent a halfblind best student named Annie Sullivan to them to tutor their daughter. With
patience and affection, and also stubbornness, she broke through Helen's walls of
silence and darkness and taught her to communicate.
Many writers (e.g. Ramawati, 2012; Pratiwi, 2013) focus their study on
research about Helen Keller, the main character in this film, as disability person in
this film. Yet after knowing the glance about the film, the writer wanted to focus
about Helen’s teacher, Annie Sullivan. Another writer focus their analysis about
Annie Sullivan’s struggle in tutoring Helen, here the writer wants to know about
Annie Sullivan’s motivations, as another main character, in teaching Helen Keller,
and also result of her assistance to Helen Keller.
Based on the explanations above, the writer focused on Annie Sullivan’s
motivations in teaching her pupil, so this study is entitled “An Study of Annie
3
Sullivan’s Motivation to Teach Helen Keller in William Gibson’s Film “The
Miracle Worker””.
1.2 Problems of the Study
1. What are Annie Sullivan’s motivations to teach Helen Keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker” ?
2. What are the effects of Annie Sullivan’s motivations to Helen keller found
in William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”?
1.3 Purposes of the Study
1. To identify Anni Sullivan’s motivations to teach Helen Keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”.
2. To know the effects of Anni Sullivan’s motivation to Helen keller found in
William Gibson’s film “The Miracle Worker”.
1.4 Scope and Limitation
As scope of this study, the writer intends to analyze William Gibson’s film
entitled “The Miracle Worker”. Actually, there are many topics that can be
discussed and analized in this story such as the experiences of the main characters,
the kinds of conflicts, the lesson and theme, etc. The writer only focuses on
motivation. As we know that teaching a blind, deaf and mute girl is really hard
and difficult, moreover this girl is also uncontrollable and violent. So that, her
teacher’s motivation to teach this kind of girl is interesting to discuss. Meanwhile,
4
for the limitation of the study, the writer tries to discuss about the main character’s
motivations, Annie Sullivan, specifically on Annie Sullivan’s motivation to teach
her pupil and the effect of Annie Sullivan’s motivation to her pupil.
1.5 Significance of the Study
Generally, the result of this study is expected to be able to encourage the
readers; especially the students of English Departement in University of
Muhammadiyah Malang; to pay more attentions to the literature in order the
teaching learning literature process will run better as well as the lecturer and the
students hope. Besides, the students that read this study will get more information
and knowledge about literature. This study also can be used as the reference when
the students want to analyze film. Specifically, this study is expected to give a
model in analyzing someone’s motivation from film.
1.6 The Definition of Key Terms
Motivation is is something that energize, direct, and sustains behavior.
(Santrock, 2008: 451)
Film is a combination of different parts, expressions, technologies and events.
(Bazin in Colman, 2009: 17)
Annie Sullivan is a teacher of Helen Keller. She is the main character of the
film and she is based on the real person.
5
Helen Keller is Annie Sullivan’s pupil, that deaf and blind. In this film, she is
also the main character and she is based on the real person.
William Gibson is the author of “The Miracle Worker”.
“The Miracle Worker” is the title of film that will be discussed in this study.
6