ANALISA GAYA PENGEREMAN REM HIDROLIK PADA HAUL TRUCK CATERPILLAR 777D
ANALISA GAYA PENGEREMAN REM HIDROLIK PADA HAUL
TRUCK CATERPILLAR 777D
TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Kepada
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Akademik Dalam Menyelesaikan
Program SarjanaTeknik (S1)
Oleh :
SUKMA FITRIAWAN
201010120311116
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
✁✂✁ ✄☎✆✝✁✆✂✁✞
✟naegntjmkaepujindaukrsydirhatke✠lha✡WT, yang telah
melimpahkan rohmat, taufik dan hidayah-nya pada penyusun sehingga dapat
menyelasaikan Tugas akhir ini.
Didalam penyusun tugas akhir ini sering mengalami kesulitan dan
hambatan, namun berkat bantuan dari semua pihak segala kesulitan itu bisa
dihadapi dan teratasi. Oleh karena itu sangat tepatlah bila penyusun pada
kesempatan kali ini untuk menyampaikan terima kasih atas jasa baik yang selama
ini penyusun terima, baik nasehat, petunjuk serta bimbingan dan saran yang
berupa apapun sehingga penyusun dapat menyelesaikan Tugas akhir ini. Rasa
terima kasih ini penyusun sampaikan kepada :
1. Bapak Ir. Sudarman, MT. selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. Bapak Ir. Daryono, MT. Selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
3. Bapak Ir. H. Ali Syaifullah, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah
memberikan bimbingan serta arahan secara intensif selama penyusunan skripsi
ini dilakukan.
4. Bapak Ir. Ali Mokhtar, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah
memberikan masukan ide serta saran sehingga terselesaikannya skripsi ini.
5. Bapak/Ibu Dosen yang telah bersedia memberikan bantuan berupa bimbingan
teoritis secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
6. Serta kedua orang tua yang selalu memberikan bantuan materi maupun non
materi, mendo`akan, mengingatkan akan pesan-pesannya yang tak akan
terlupakan.
7. Kawan-kawan sebimbingan, serta teman-teman seangkatan TM 2010 kelas C
8. Serta semua pihak yang belum tersebutkan, terima kasih banyak
Dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini, penyusun menyadari bahwa masih
banyak kekurangan dan kelemahan baik dalam penyusunan data maupun dalam
pembahasannya. Oleh karena itu segala kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun
sangat penyusun harapkan demi sempurnanya Tugas akhir ini.
Semoga Allah SWT memberikan balasan kepada semua pihak yang
tersebut diatas dan penyusun berharap semoga Tugas akhir bermanfaat bagi
penyusun dan pembaca.
Penulis
SUKMA FITRIAWAN
DAFTAR ISI
COVER ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞
POSTER ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞☞
LEMBARAN PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞☞☞
BERITA ACARA ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞✌
LEMBARAN PERYATAAN ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ✌☞
ABSTRAK ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ✌☞☞
KATA PENGANTAR ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞ x
DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................xiv
BAB I ....................................................................................................................1
PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................1
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................2
1.3. Tujuan Analisa Gaya Pengereman .........................................................2
1.4. Batasan Masalah .....................................................................................3
BAB II ..................................................................................................................4
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................................4
2.1. Sistem Rem ............................................................................................4
2.2. Jenis Rem ................................................................................................5
2.2.1. Rem Menurut Mekanismenya.......................................................5
2.2.2. Rem Menurut Penggunannya........................................................6
2.2.3. Rem Menurut Konstruksinya........................................................6
2.3. Cara Kerja Rem Cakram .........................................................................11
2.4. Aliran Fluida ..........................................................................................14
2.5. Letak titik berat Kendaraan.....................................................................16
✍✎✏✎ ✑✒✓✔✕✖✗✘✖✙✕✖ ✚✒✗✕✛ ✓✒✜ ✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎ ✢✣
✍✎✣✎ Gaya yang keluar dari pedal rem ............................................................18
2.8. Tekanan Hidrolik ....................................................................................19
2.9. Gaya yang menekan pad rem ..................................................................19
2.10 Gaya gesek rem......................................................................................19
2.11 Gaya pengereman kendaraan .................................................................20
BAB III.................................................................................................................22
METEDOLOGI PENELITIAN ........................................................................22
3.1. Diagram Alir ..........................................................................................22
3.2. Langkah-Langkah Perancangan ..............................................................23
3.3. Desain Skema Rem Hidrolik...................................................................24
BAB IV .................................................................................................................26
PERHITUNGAN DATA ....................................................................................26
4.1. Data Kendaraan.......................................................................................26
4.2. Titik Berat Kendaraan .............................................................................27
4.3. Tekanan Minyak ....................................................................................29
4.4. Luas penampang silinder hidrolik...........................................................29
4.5. Torsi ........................................................................................................30
4.5.1 Torsi Pada Roda Kendaraan...........................................................30
4.5.2 Torsi Pada Rem Cakram ................................................................31
4.6. Beban Dinamis Roda .............................................................................32
4.7. Gaya Rem Yang Diperlukan ...................................................................34
4.8. Perbandingan Distribusi Gaya Rem........................................................34
4.9. Energi Kinetis .........................................................................................35
4.10. Waktu Pengereman ...............................................................................35
✤✥✦✦✥ ✧★✩★✪ ✫✬✭✮✬✩✬✯★✭ ✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✰✱
✤✥✦✲✥ ✫✬✩✳★✭✴✵✭✮★✭ ✧★✩★✪ ✫✬✴★✶ ✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✰✷
✤✥✦✰✥ Gaya Yang Keluar Dari Pedal Rem ......................................................38
4.14. Gaya Yang Menekan Pad Rem .............................................................40
4.15. Gaya gesek pengereman .......................................................................40
4.16. Faktor Efektivitas Rem .........................................................................41
4.17. Luas Lapisan .........................................................................................42
BAB V .................................................................................................................43
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...........................................................................43
5.1. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................43
5.2. Saran .......................................................................................................43
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
✸A✹✺A✻ ✼A✽BA✻
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❅ ❆ C✿❇❈❉❊❂ D❈❋● B❂✿❍❊ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ■
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❃ ❆ B❂✿❍❊ ❏✿❑❋❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ▲
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄▼ ❆ ◆❖P❖❂ D❈❋● B❂✿❍❊ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅◗
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❘ ❆ ❙❖❚❋P❂❯❍❋❈ D✿❚ ❱✿❂✿ ❙❊❂❲✿ ◆❊❀ C✿❍❂✿❀❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❃
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❳ ❆ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ ❩❯❂❁❯❇❊❚ ❬✿❚ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ ❩❯❂❁❯❇❊❚ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❳
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❭ ❆ ❙❊●❊❉✿P✿❚ ❨❇❈❂✿❚❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❳
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❪ ❆ ❙❊●❊❉✿P✿❚ ❫❇❯❈❑✿ ❬✿❇✿❀ ❏❈❉✿❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❭
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄■ ❆ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ Vektor ................................................................................
16
Gambar 2.9 : Tipe Pedal Rem ............................................................................. 18
Gambar 2.10: Gaya Tekan Pedal Ke Silinder ..................................................... 18
Gambar 3.1 : Diagram Alir ................................................................................. 22
Gambar 3.2 : Skema Hidrolik ............................................................................. 24
Gambar 4.1 : Haul Truck Caterpillar 777D ........................................................ 26
Gambar 4.2 : Letak Titik Berat Truck................................................................. 27
Gambar 4.3 : Notasi Rem Cakram ...................................................................... 31
Gambar 4.4 : Skema Rem Hidrolik .................................................................... 33
Gambar 4.5 : Tipe Pedal Rem ............................................................................. 38
❴❵❛❜❵❝ ❞❵❡❢❣❝❵❤
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠
♣ qrstr✉ ♥✈s
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠♠
♣ ✇①✉②✈s ♥✈s ③①④⑤⑥⑦①⑧.
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠♠♠
♣ ⑨⑤r⑧✈ ✇①⑦①⑩④✈⑤ .
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠❶
♣ ⑨⑤r⑧✈ ✇①⑦①⑩④✈⑤ ⑧✈②①⑧r ⑨✈⑧✈⑤❷r .
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ❶
♣ ❸r⑦①t✈⑤ ❹①✉❺ ⑨⑤r⑧✈.
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ❶♠
♣ ❧✈⑩④①⑩❻①⑩ ✇①✉②✈s ♥✈s.
❼❽❾❿❽➀ ➁➂➃❿❽➄❽
➅➆➇➈➉➇➊➈, ➋ ➌➍➎➏➈➉➐ ➑➒➓➒➐ ➔→➣➉➎↔➎↕➙ ➛➇➎➏➎➇➙➜ ➝➞➙➟i ➠→➞➆➈➐ ➡➆➉➈ ➢i➞ y➈➤ ➅➆➊➈➥➈y➈
➅➆↔➈➊➟➎➤ ➅➈↕➈➤ ➠➤ ➑➒➒➦➤ ➧➈➟➈➊ ➨→➊➈➉➩➈➉↕➈➉ ➧➈➉ ➨→➏ i↔i➫➈➉ ➝↔→➏→➉ ➭→➟i➉ ➨➊➈➞➉y➈
➨➈➊➈➏ i➇➫➈➤ ➯➈➣➈➊➇➈➐
http://wahyuindriana.blogspot.com/2013/10/analisis-gaya-pada-rem-cakram-disk.html
➲➈➆↔ ➇➊➆➩➣ ➳➈➇→➊➵➙↔↔➈➊ ➸➸➸➧ ➲➈➉➞➺➎➎➣
➸➸➸➧ ➛➜➜➻➲➙↕➫➢➈y ➔➊➆➩➣ ➳➈➇➈↔➎↕➆→
➅→➊➼➙➩→ ➋➉➜➎➊➏➈➇i➎➉ ➅i➟➇→➏ ➳➈➇→➊➵➙↔↔➈➊➻➔➊➈➣➙➉➞➎➐
➔➫➙→➟➟ ➽→➈➊➉➙➉↕ ➳→➉➇→➊ ➻ ➺➈↔i➣➵➈➵➈➉
1
BAB 1
PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang
➾➚➪➶ ➹➘➪➴➷ ➚➬➚➶➚➮ ➱➚➶➚➮ ➱➚➹➪ ➬➚➘✃ ❐❒❮✃➱❰❐❒❮✃➱ ➬➪ÏÐ ➹➘➪➴➷Ñ Ò➚❮Ó ➬✃Ó➪❮➚➷➚❮
➪❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➚❮Ó➷➪➹ Ï➚➹❒➘✃➚➶ ➶❒Ð➚➱ Ô➱❒Ð❒➘✃t Ð➚➱✃➘ Ñ ➷❒➘✃➷✃➶ Ñ ➚t➚u ➶➚Ð✃➱➚❮ ➚t ❮➚➮ Õ ➪❮➹➪➷
➷Ö❮➱➹➘➪➷➱✃ Ï➚➪Ð➪❮ ➬✃ Ð❒➘t➚Ï×➚❮Ó➚❮ Ø Ù❒×➪➚➮ t➘➪➷ ➚y❮Ó ➷➮➚s➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮
×➚➷ t❒➘×➪➷➚Ñ ➚y❮Ó ❒t ➘➶❒t➚➷ ➬✃ ×➚Ó✃➚❮ ×❒➶➚➷➚❮Ó ➬➚❮ ➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮ Ð✃Öst ❮
➮✃➬➘Ö➶✃➷ ➪❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➚❮Ó➷➚t❮➚yÑ ➚y❮Ó Ï❒Ï➪❮Ó➷✃❮➷➚❮
➬✃×➪➚❮Ó ➬✃ t❒ÏÐ➚t➚y❮Ó t❒➶➚➮ ➬✃❒t ❮➹➪➷➚❮
Ï➪➚➚t ❮ ➚y❮Ó ➬✃➱✃ÏÐ➚❮ ➚➷➚❮
Ø Ú➘➪➷ ➚❮Ó➷➪➹ ➚y❮Ó ➚➬➚ ➱❒ ➷➚➘➚❮Ó ✃❮✃ t❒➶➚➮
➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➱✃❒stÏ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➴➪➷➪Ð ×➚✃➷Ø Ût➚Ï➚❮➚y ➱✃❒stÏ ➘❒ÏÑ ➚y❮Ó ➱➚❮Ó➚t
Ü✃t➚➶ Ð❒➘➚❮❮➚y ×➚Ó✃ ➱✃st❒Ï ➷❒➱❒➶➚Ï➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮Ø
Ù✃❒stÏ ➘❒Ï ×❒➘f➪❮Ó➱✃ u❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➪➘➚❮Ó✃ ➷❒➴❒Ð➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ Ï❒❮Ó➮❒❮➹✃➷➚❮
➷❒❮➬➚➘➚➚❮Ø Ý❒➘➚➶➚t➚❮ ✃❮✃ ➱➚❮Ó➚t Ð❒❮➹✃❮ÓÑ ➷➚➘❒❮➚ Ï❒Ï✃➶✃➷✃ f➪❮Ó➱✃ ➱❒×➚Ó➚✃ ➚➶➚t
➷❒➱❒➶➚Ï➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ Ï❒❮❐➚Ï✃❮ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮ ×➚Ó✃ Ð❒❮Ó❒❮➬➚➘➚ Ø Ù✃st❒Ï ➘❒Ï ➚y❮Ó ×➚✃➷
➚➬➚➶➚➮ ➚ÕØ Þ➚Ð➚t ×❒➷❒➘❐➚ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮ ×➚✃➷ ➬➚❮ ➴❒Ð➚Ñt ×ÕØ ßÐ➚×✃➶➚ ×❒×➚❮ Ð➚➬➚ ➱❒Ï➪➚
➘Ö➬➚ ➱➚Ï➚Ñ Ï➚➷➚ ➬➚➚y Ð❒❮Ó❒➘❒Ï➚❮ ➮➚➘us➱➚Ï➚ ➚t➚uÓ➚➚y Ð❒❮Ó❒➘❒Ï➚❮ ➮➚➘us
s❒×➚❮➬✃❮Ó
➬❒❮Ó➚❮ ×❒×➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➬ ✃t❒➘✃Ï➚ Ö➶❒➮ Ï➚➱✃❮Ó ❰Ï➚➱✃❮Ó ➘Ö➬➚Ñ ➴ÕØ à❒ÏÐ➪❮➚y✃
➬➚➚y ➚t ➮➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➴➪➷➪Ð Ñ ➬ÕØ à➪➬➚➮ ➬✃➱❒t❒➶ ➬➚❮ ➬✃Ð❒➘×➚✃➷✃ Ø Ù❒t✃➚Ð ➷❒➱➚➶➚➮➚❮ Ð➚➬➚
➱✃st❒Ï ➘❒Ï ➚➷➚❮ Ï❒❮Ó➚➷✃×➚➷t ➚❮ ➘Ö➬➚ ➬❒Ð➚❮ ➚➚t u×❒➶➚➷➚❮Ó ×❒➘➮❒❮➹✃ Ô➶Ö➴➷Õ ❒t ➘➶❒×✃➮
➬➚➮➪➶➪Ø á✃➷➚ ❒t ➘❐➚➬✃ s ✃t➪➚➱✃ ➘Ö➬➚ ➬❒Ð➚❮ Ï➚➪Ð➪❮ ➘Ö➬➚ ×❒➶➚➷ ➚❮Ó ➚y❮Ó ×❒➘➮❒❮t✃ ➶❒×✃➮
➬➚➮➪➶➪ÑÏ➚➷➚
➱✃➪t ➚➱✃
✃❮✃
➚➷➚❮
×❒➘×➚➮➚➚y
×➚Ó✃
ÖÐ❒➘➚tÖ➘Ø
Ô➮➹tÐâãã➚✃ut✃➱➮❒➘Ö➘Ø×➶ÖÓ➱ÐÖ➹Ø➴ÖÏãäåæåãåçã➴➚➘➚ ❰➷❒➘❐➚❰➬➚❮❰Ð❒➘×➚✃➷➚❮❰➘❒ÏØ➮➹Ï➶Õ
2
èéêé ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö ÷ø÷îùú ïùú ûéüý êøýìüéñéü øéíéë ÷ø÷îùú ïùú
ëøêïþíøñÿ ùú ëøêïþíøñ úùúøíøñø ✁ù ✁ùïé✂é ñùìüýýìíéü êùüýéü ÷ø÷îùú ïùú ûéüý
íéøüÿ ✄éíéë ÷éîì ☎éñîþï ñù÷ùíéúéîéü êéíéú úùüýþ✂ùïé÷øñéü ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö
øéíéë ✂éêé ÷ø÷îùú ïùú îùï÷ù ✁ìîÿ öøñéïùüéñéü ✂ùïéü ïùú ✂éêé ÷ìéîì ñùüêéïééü
÷éüýéî ✂ùüîøüý✆ ÷ø÷îùú ïùú êùüýéü ✁éøñ ÷ééî ✁ùñùï✝é✆ êéü ñù÷ùíéúéîéü þ✂ùïéîþï
êé✂éî îùï✝éýéÿ
1.2 Rumusan Masalah
óêé✂ìü ✂ùïìúì÷éü úé÷éíéë ûéüý îùïêé✂éî ✂éêé éüéíø÷é ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ✂éêé
ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö øüø éêéíéë ✞
éÿ ✟éýéøúéüé úùüêé✂éîñéü ✁ù÷éïüûé ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ûéüý îùï✝éêø ✂éêé
ïþêé êù ✂éü ?
✁ÿ ✟éýéøúéüé ðéïé úùüêé✂éñt éü êøúùü÷ø éyüý ÷ùìs éø êéïø ñþú✂þüùü ✂éêé
÷øùstú öø÷ð ✟ïéñù ëéìí îïìðñ õõõö ?
1.3 Tujuan Analisa Gaya Pengereman Disc Brake CAT 777D
ôì✝ìéü êéïø ✂ùüìíø÷éü ìt ýés éñëøï ùt üîéüý éüéíø÷é ýééy ✂ùüýùïùúéü ✂éêé ëéìí
îïìðñ òóô õõõö øüø éêéíéë ✞
éÿ Mùüêé✂éîñéü ✁ù÷éïüûé ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ûéüý îùï✝éêø ✂éêé ïþêé êù ✂éüÿ
✁ÿ
Mùüêé✂éîñéü êøúùü÷ø ûéüý ÷ù÷ìéø êéïø ñþú✂þüùü ✂éêé ÷ø÷îùú öø÷ð ✟ïéñù
ëéìí îïìðñ õõõöÿ
1.4 Batasan Masalah
✟éîé÷éü úé÷éíéë ✂éêé ✂ùüìíø÷éü îìýé÷ éñëøï øüø éêéíéë ✞
3
✠✡ ☛☞✌✍✎✍ ✏✎✑✒✠✑✠✓✔✍✠✠✑ ✒✠✕✠ ✏✎✑✒✎☞✎✖✠✑ ✏✠✗✠ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦
✗✔✓✠✜✙✜✠✑
✏✠✗✠
✠☞✎✠
✕✠✑✒
(h
t✏✮✯✯☞✠✛✘✖✠✚☞✔✍✎✧✎✚✡✰✓✌✒✍✏✌✚✡✛✌✖✯
✖✎✖✔✓✔✜✔
✚✠✑✧✠✜✠✑
✩
✩
★ ✪✫✬✭
)
✰✡ ✱✎✰✠✑ ✠✑✒✜✙✚ ✖✠✚✎☞✔✠✓ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦ ✍✎✰✎✍✠☞ ✲✳ ✚✌✑✡
✛✡ ✴✎✗✠✑✒✜✠✑✬ ✰✎☞✠ t✜✎☞✧✠ ✜✌✍✌✑✒ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦ ✍✎✰✎✍✠☞ ★✵✬✭ ✚✌✑ ✡
TRUCK CATERPILLAR 777D
TUGAS AKHIR
Diajukan Kepada
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Akademik Dalam Menyelesaikan
Program SarjanaTeknik (S1)
Oleh :
SUKMA FITRIAWAN
201010120311116
JURUSAN TEKNIK MESIN
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2015
✁✂✁ ✄☎✆✝✁✆✂✁✞
✟naegntjmkaepujindaukrsydirhatke✠lha✡WT, yang telah
melimpahkan rohmat, taufik dan hidayah-nya pada penyusun sehingga dapat
menyelasaikan Tugas akhir ini.
Didalam penyusun tugas akhir ini sering mengalami kesulitan dan
hambatan, namun berkat bantuan dari semua pihak segala kesulitan itu bisa
dihadapi dan teratasi. Oleh karena itu sangat tepatlah bila penyusun pada
kesempatan kali ini untuk menyampaikan terima kasih atas jasa baik yang selama
ini penyusun terima, baik nasehat, petunjuk serta bimbingan dan saran yang
berupa apapun sehingga penyusun dapat menyelesaikan Tugas akhir ini. Rasa
terima kasih ini penyusun sampaikan kepada :
1. Bapak Ir. Sudarman, MT. selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Universitas
Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. Bapak Ir. Daryono, MT. Selaku Ketua Jurusan Teknik Mesin Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
3. Bapak Ir. H. Ali Syaifullah, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah
memberikan bimbingan serta arahan secara intensif selama penyusunan skripsi
ini dilakukan.
4. Bapak Ir. Ali Mokhtar, MT selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah
memberikan masukan ide serta saran sehingga terselesaikannya skripsi ini.
5. Bapak/Ibu Dosen yang telah bersedia memberikan bantuan berupa bimbingan
teoritis secara langsung maupun tidak langsung.
6. Serta kedua orang tua yang selalu memberikan bantuan materi maupun non
materi, mendo`akan, mengingatkan akan pesan-pesannya yang tak akan
terlupakan.
7. Kawan-kawan sebimbingan, serta teman-teman seangkatan TM 2010 kelas C
8. Serta semua pihak yang belum tersebutkan, terima kasih banyak
Dalam penyusunan tugas akhir ini, penyusun menyadari bahwa masih
banyak kekurangan dan kelemahan baik dalam penyusunan data maupun dalam
pembahasannya. Oleh karena itu segala kritik dan saran yang sifatnya membangun
sangat penyusun harapkan demi sempurnanya Tugas akhir ini.
Semoga Allah SWT memberikan balasan kepada semua pihak yang
tersebut diatas dan penyusun berharap semoga Tugas akhir bermanfaat bagi
penyusun dan pembaca.
Penulis
SUKMA FITRIAWAN
DAFTAR ISI
COVER ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞
POSTER ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞☞
LEMBARAN PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞☞☞
BERITA ACARA ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞✌
LEMBARAN PERYATAAN ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ✌☞
ABSTRAK ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ✌☞☞
KATA PENGANTAR ☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛☛ ☞ x
DAFTAR ISI........................................................................................................xi
DAFTAR GAMBAR...........................................................................................xiv
BAB I ....................................................................................................................1
PENDAHULUAN................................................................................................1
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah ...................................................................................2
1.3. Tujuan Analisa Gaya Pengereman .........................................................2
1.4. Batasan Masalah .....................................................................................3
BAB II ..................................................................................................................4
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................................4
2.1. Sistem Rem ............................................................................................4
2.2. Jenis Rem ................................................................................................5
2.2.1. Rem Menurut Mekanismenya.......................................................5
2.2.2. Rem Menurut Penggunannya........................................................6
2.2.3. Rem Menurut Konstruksinya........................................................6
2.3. Cara Kerja Rem Cakram .........................................................................11
2.4. Aliran Fluida ..........................................................................................14
2.5. Letak titik berat Kendaraan.....................................................................16
✍✎✏✎ ✑✒✓✔✕✖✗✘✖✙✕✖ ✚✒✗✕✛ ✓✒✜ ✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎✎ ✢✣
✍✎✣✎ Gaya yang keluar dari pedal rem ............................................................18
2.8. Tekanan Hidrolik ....................................................................................19
2.9. Gaya yang menekan pad rem ..................................................................19
2.10 Gaya gesek rem......................................................................................19
2.11 Gaya pengereman kendaraan .................................................................20
BAB III.................................................................................................................22
METEDOLOGI PENELITIAN ........................................................................22
3.1. Diagram Alir ..........................................................................................22
3.2. Langkah-Langkah Perancangan ..............................................................23
3.3. Desain Skema Rem Hidrolik...................................................................24
BAB IV .................................................................................................................26
PERHITUNGAN DATA ....................................................................................26
4.1. Data Kendaraan.......................................................................................26
4.2. Titik Berat Kendaraan .............................................................................27
4.3. Tekanan Minyak ....................................................................................29
4.4. Luas penampang silinder hidrolik...........................................................29
4.5. Torsi ........................................................................................................30
4.5.1 Torsi Pada Roda Kendaraan...........................................................30
4.5.2 Torsi Pada Rem Cakram ................................................................31
4.6. Beban Dinamis Roda .............................................................................32
4.7. Gaya Rem Yang Diperlukan ...................................................................34
4.8. Perbandingan Distribusi Gaya Rem........................................................34
4.9. Energi Kinetis .........................................................................................35
4.10. Waktu Pengereman ...............................................................................35
✤✥✦✦✥ ✧★✩★✪ ✫✬✭✮✬✩✬✯★✭ ✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✰✱
✤✥✦✲✥ ✫✬✩✳★✭✴✵✭✮★✭ ✧★✩★✪ ✫✬✴★✶ ✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✥✰✷
✤✥✦✰✥ Gaya Yang Keluar Dari Pedal Rem ......................................................38
4.14. Gaya Yang Menekan Pad Rem .............................................................40
4.15. Gaya gesek pengereman .......................................................................40
4.16. Faktor Efektivitas Rem .........................................................................41
4.17. Luas Lapisan .........................................................................................42
BAB V .................................................................................................................43
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...........................................................................43
5.1. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................43
5.2. Saran .......................................................................................................43
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
LAMPIRAN
✸A✹✺A✻ ✼A✽BA✻
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❅ ❆ C✿❇❈❉❊❂ D❈❋● B❂✿❍❊ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ■
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❃ ❆ B❂✿❍❊ ❏✿❑❋❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ▲
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄▼ ❆ ◆❖P❖❂ D❈❋● B❂✿❍❊ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅◗
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❘ ❆ ❙❖❚❋P❂❯❍❋❈ D✿❚ ❱✿❂✿ ❙❊❂❲✿ ◆❊❀ C✿❍❂✿❀❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❃
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❳ ❆ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ ❩❯❂❁❯❇❊❚ ❬✿❚ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ ❩❯❂❁❯❇❊❚ ❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❳
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❭ ❆ ❙❊●❊❉✿P✿❚ ❨❇❈❂✿❚❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❳
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄❪ ❆ ❙❊●❊❉✿P✿❚ ❫❇❯❈❑✿ ❬✿❇✿❀ ❏❈❉✿❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄❄ ❅❭
✾✿❀❁✿❂ ❃❄■ ❆ ❨❇❈❂✿❚ Vektor ................................................................................
16
Gambar 2.9 : Tipe Pedal Rem ............................................................................. 18
Gambar 2.10: Gaya Tekan Pedal Ke Silinder ..................................................... 18
Gambar 3.1 : Diagram Alir ................................................................................. 22
Gambar 3.2 : Skema Hidrolik ............................................................................. 24
Gambar 4.1 : Haul Truck Caterpillar 777D ........................................................ 26
Gambar 4.2 : Letak Titik Berat Truck................................................................. 27
Gambar 4.3 : Notasi Rem Cakram ...................................................................... 31
Gambar 4.4 : Skema Rem Hidrolik .................................................................... 33
Gambar 4.5 : Tipe Pedal Rem ............................................................................. 38
❴❵❛❜❵❝ ❞❵❡❢❣❝❵❤
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠
♣ qrstr✉ ♥✈s
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠♠
♣ ✇①✉②✈s ♥✈s ③①④⑤⑥⑦①⑧.
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠♠♠
♣ ⑨⑤r⑧✈ ✇①⑦①⑩④✈⑤ .
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ♠❶
♣ ⑨⑤r⑧✈ ✇①⑦①⑩④✈⑤ ⑧✈②①⑧r ⑨✈⑧✈⑤❷r .
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ❶
♣ ❸r⑦①t✈⑤ ❹①✉❺ ⑨⑤r⑧✈.
✐❥❦❧♠♥❥♦ ❶♠
♣ ❧✈⑩④①⑩❻①⑩ ✇①✉②✈s ♥✈s.
❼❽❾❿❽➀ ➁➂➃❿❽➄❽
➅➆➇➈➉➇➊➈, ➋ ➌➍➎➏➈➉➐ ➑➒➓➒➐ ➔→➣➉➎↔➎↕➙ ➛➇➎➏➎➇➙➜ ➝➞➙➟i ➠→➞➆➈➐ ➡➆➉➈ ➢i➞ y➈➤ ➅➆➊➈➥➈y➈
➅➆↔➈➊➟➎➤ ➅➈↕➈➤ ➠➤ ➑➒➒➦➤ ➧➈➟➈➊ ➨→➊➈➉➩➈➉↕➈➉ ➧➈➉ ➨→➏ i↔i➫➈➉ ➝↔→➏→➉ ➭→➟i➉ ➨➊➈➞➉y➈
➨➈➊➈➏ i➇➫➈➤ ➯➈➣➈➊➇➈➐
http://wahyuindriana.blogspot.com/2013/10/analisis-gaya-pada-rem-cakram-disk.html
➲➈➆↔ ➇➊➆➩➣ ➳➈➇→➊➵➙↔↔➈➊ ➸➸➸➧ ➲➈➉➞➺➎➎➣
➸➸➸➧ ➛➜➜➻➲➙↕➫➢➈y ➔➊➆➩➣ ➳➈➇➈↔➎↕➆→
➅→➊➼➙➩→ ➋➉➜➎➊➏➈➇i➎➉ ➅i➟➇→➏ ➳➈➇→➊➵➙↔↔➈➊➻➔➊➈➣➙➉➞➎➐
➔➫➙→➟➟ ➽→➈➊➉➙➉↕ ➳→➉➇→➊ ➻ ➺➈↔i➣➵➈➵➈➉
1
BAB 1
PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang
➾➚➪➶ ➹➘➪➴➷ ➚➬➚➶➚➮ ➱➚➶➚➮ ➱➚➹➪ ➬➚➘✃ ❐❒❮✃➱❰❐❒❮✃➱ ➬➪ÏÐ ➹➘➪➴➷Ñ Ò➚❮Ó ➬✃Ó➪❮➚➷➚❮
➪❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➚❮Ó➷➪➹ Ï➚➹❒➘✃➚➶ ➶❒Ð➚➱ Ô➱❒Ð❒➘✃t Ð➚➱✃➘ Ñ ➷❒➘✃➷✃➶ Ñ ➚t➚u ➶➚Ð✃➱➚❮ ➚t ❮➚➮ Õ ➪❮➹➪➷
➷Ö❮➱➹➘➪➷➱✃ Ï➚➪Ð➪❮ ➬✃ Ð❒➘t➚Ï×➚❮Ó➚❮ Ø Ù❒×➪➚➮ t➘➪➷ ➚y❮Ó ➷➮➚s➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮
×➚➷ t❒➘×➪➷➚Ñ ➚y❮Ó ❒t ➘➶❒t➚➷ ➬✃ ×➚Ó✃➚❮ ×❒➶➚➷➚❮Ó ➬➚❮ ➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮ Ð✃Öst ❮
➮✃➬➘Ö➶✃➷ ➪❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➚❮Ó➷➚t❮➚yÑ ➚y❮Ó Ï❒Ï➪❮Ó➷✃❮➷➚❮
➬✃×➪➚❮Ó ➬✃ t❒ÏÐ➚t➚y❮Ó t❒➶➚➮ ➬✃❒t ❮➹➪➷➚❮
Ï➪➚➚t ❮ ➚y❮Ó ➬✃➱✃ÏÐ➚❮ ➚➷➚❮
Ø Ú➘➪➷ ➚❮Ó➷➪➹ ➚y❮Ó ➚➬➚ ➱❒ ➷➚➘➚❮Ó ✃❮✃ t❒➶➚➮
➬✃➶❒❮Ó➷➚Ð✃ ➱✃❒stÏ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➴➪➷➪Ð ×➚✃➷Ø Ût➚Ï➚❮➚y ➱✃❒stÏ ➘❒ÏÑ ➚y❮Ó ➱➚❮Ó➚t
Ü✃t➚➶ Ð❒➘➚❮❮➚y ×➚Ó✃ ➱✃st❒Ï ➷❒➱❒➶➚Ï➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮Ø
Ù✃❒stÏ ➘❒Ï ×❒➘f➪❮Ó➱✃ u❮➹➪➷ Ï❒❮Ó➪➘➚❮Ó✃ ➷❒➴❒Ð➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ Ï❒❮Ó➮❒❮➹✃➷➚❮
➷❒❮➬➚➘➚➚❮Ø Ý❒➘➚➶➚t➚❮ ✃❮✃ ➱➚❮Ó➚t Ð❒❮➹✃❮ÓÑ ➷➚➘❒❮➚ Ï❒Ï✃➶✃➷✃ f➪❮Ó➱✃ ➱❒×➚Ó➚✃ ➚➶➚t
➷❒➱❒➶➚Ï➚t➚❮ ➬➚❮ Ï❒❮❐➚Ï✃❮ ➷❒➚Ï➚❮➚❮ ×➚Ó✃ Ð❒❮Ó❒❮➬➚➘➚ Ø Ù✃st❒Ï ➘❒Ï ➚y❮Ó ×➚✃➷
➚➬➚➶➚➮ ➚ÕØ Þ➚Ð➚t ×❒➷❒➘❐➚ ➬❒❮Ó➚❮ ×➚✃➷ ➬➚❮ ➴❒Ð➚Ñt ×ÕØ ßÐ➚×✃➶➚ ×❒×➚❮ Ð➚➬➚ ➱❒Ï➪➚
➘Ö➬➚ ➱➚Ï➚Ñ Ï➚➷➚ ➬➚➚y Ð❒❮Ó❒➘❒Ï➚❮ ➮➚➘us➱➚Ï➚ ➚t➚uÓ➚➚y Ð❒❮Ó❒➘❒Ï➚❮ ➮➚➘us
s❒×➚❮➬✃❮Ó
➬❒❮Ó➚❮ ×❒×➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➬ ✃t❒➘✃Ï➚ Ö➶❒➮ Ï➚➱✃❮Ó ❰Ï➚➱✃❮Ó ➘Ö➬➚Ñ ➴ÕØ à❒ÏÐ➪❮➚y✃
➬➚➚y ➚t ➮➚❮ ➚y❮Ó ➴➪➷➪Ð Ñ ➬ÕØ à➪➬➚➮ ➬✃➱❒t❒➶ ➬➚❮ ➬✃Ð❒➘×➚✃➷✃ Ø Ù❒t✃➚Ð ➷❒➱➚➶➚➮➚❮ Ð➚➬➚
➱✃st❒Ï ➘❒Ï ➚➷➚❮ Ï❒❮Ó➚➷✃×➚➷t ➚❮ ➘Ö➬➚ ➬❒Ð➚❮ ➚➚t u×❒➶➚➷➚❮Ó ×❒➘➮❒❮➹✃ Ô➶Ö➴➷Õ ❒t ➘➶❒×✃➮
➬➚➮➪➶➪Ø á✃➷➚ ❒t ➘❐➚➬✃ s ✃t➪➚➱✃ ➘Ö➬➚ ➬❒Ð➚❮ Ï➚➪Ð➪❮ ➘Ö➬➚ ×❒➶➚➷ ➚❮Ó ➚y❮Ó ×❒➘➮❒❮t✃ ➶❒×✃➮
➬➚➮➪➶➪ÑÏ➚➷➚
➱✃➪t ➚➱✃
✃❮✃
➚➷➚❮
×❒➘×➚➮➚➚y
×➚Ó✃
ÖÐ❒➘➚tÖ➘Ø
Ô➮➹tÐâãã➚✃ut✃➱➮❒➘Ö➘Ø×➶ÖÓ➱ÐÖ➹Ø➴ÖÏãäåæåãåçã➴➚➘➚ ❰➷❒➘❐➚❰➬➚❮❰Ð❒➘×➚✃➷➚❮❰➘❒ÏØ➮➹Ï➶Õ
2
èéêé ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö ÷ø÷îùú ïùú ûéüý êøýìüéñéü øéíéë ÷ø÷îùú ïùú
ëøêïþíøñÿ ùú ëøêïþíøñ úùúøíøñø ✁ù ✁ùïé✂é ñùìüýýìíéü êùüýéü ÷ø÷îùú ïùú ûéüý
íéøüÿ ✄éíéë ÷éîì ☎éñîþï ñù÷ùíéúéîéü êéíéú úùüýþ✂ùïé÷øñéü ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö
øéíéë ✂éêé ÷ø÷îùú ïùú îùï÷ù ✁ìîÿ öøñéïùüéñéü ✂ùïéü ïùú ✂éêé ÷ìéîì ñùüêéïééü
÷éüýéî ✂ùüîøüý✆ ÷ø÷îùú ïùú êùüýéü ✁éøñ ÷ééî ✁ùñùï✝é✆ êéü ñù÷ùíéúéîéü þ✂ùïéîþï
êé✂éî îùï✝éýéÿ
1.2 Rumusan Masalah
óêé✂ìü ✂ùïìúì÷éü úé÷éíéë ûéüý îùïêé✂éî ✂éêé éüéíø÷é ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ✂éêé
ëéìí îïìðñ òóô õõõö øüø éêéíéë ✞
éÿ ✟éýéøúéüé úùüêé✂éîñéü ✁ù÷éïüûé ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ûéüý îùï✝éêø ✂éêé
ïþêé êù ✂éü ?
✁ÿ ✟éýéøúéüé ðéïé úùüêé✂éñt éü êøúùü÷ø éyüý ÷ùìs éø êéïø ñþú✂þüùü ✂éêé
÷øùstú öø÷ð ✟ïéñù ëéìí îïìðñ õõõö ?
1.3 Tujuan Analisa Gaya Pengereman Disc Brake CAT 777D
ôì✝ìéü êéïø ✂ùüìíø÷éü ìt ýés éñëøï ùt üîéüý éüéíø÷é ýééy ✂ùüýùïùúéü ✂éêé ëéìí
îïìðñ òóô õõõö øüø éêéíéë ✞
éÿ Mùüêé✂éîñéü ✁ù÷éïüûé ýéûé ✂ùüýùïùúéü ûéüý îùï✝éêø ✂éêé ïþêé êù ✂éüÿ
✁ÿ
Mùüêé✂éîñéü êøúùü÷ø ûéüý ÷ù÷ìéø êéïø ñþú✂þüùü ✂éêé ÷ø÷îùú öø÷ð ✟ïéñù
ëéìí îïìðñ õõõöÿ
1.4 Batasan Masalah
✟éîé÷éü úé÷éíéë ✂éêé ✂ùüìíø÷éü îìýé÷ éñëøï øüø éêéíéë ✞
3
✠✡ ☛☞✌✍✎✍ ✏✎✑✒✠✑✠✓✔✍✠✠✑ ✒✠✕✠ ✏✎✑✒✎☞✎✖✠✑ ✏✠✗✠ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦
✗✔✓✠✜✙✜✠✑
✏✠✗✠
✠☞✎✠
✕✠✑✒
(h
t✏✮✯✯☞✠✛✘✖✠✚☞✔✍✎✧✎✚✡✰✓✌✒✍✏✌✚✡✛✌✖✯
✖✎✖✔✓✔✜✔
✚✠✑✧✠✜✠✑
✩
✩
★ ✪✫✬✭
)
✰✡ ✱✎✰✠✑ ✠✑✒✜✙✚ ✖✠✚✎☞✔✠✓ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦ ✍✎✰✎✍✠☞ ✲✳ ✚✌✑✡
✛✡ ✴✎✗✠✑✒✜✠✑✬ ✰✎☞✠ t✜✎☞✧✠ ✜✌✍✌✑✒ ✘✠✙✓ ✚☞✙✛✜ ✢✣✤ ✥✥✥✦ ✍✎✰✎✍✠☞ ★✵✬✭ ✚✌✑ ✡