TANGGUNG JAWAB PROFESIONAL BK DLM KETAHANAN BANGSA
TANGGUNG JAWAB PROFESIONAL BIM BINGAN DAN KONSELING
DALAM M EM BANGUN KETAHANAN BANGSA:
SEBUAH PERSPEKTIF KULTURAL
(PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN DEVELOPING
NATION SURVIVAL: A CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE)
Kuliah Umum Jurusan Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan
7 Februari 2011
SUNARYO KARTADINATA
Professor in Guidance and Counseling
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
1
AYAT ENERGI UNIVERSAL
• Sesungguhnya Kami menciptakan kamu dari
seorang laki-laki dan perempuan dan
menjadikan kamu berbangsa-bangsa dan
bersuku-suku supaya kamu saling mengenal
(Q. 49:13)
• Sesungguhnya Allah tidak akan mengubah
keadaan suatu kaum sehingga mereka
mengubah keadaan yang ada pada diri
mereka sendiri. (Q. 13:11)
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
2
GLOBALISASI: SISTEM ANTAR BANGSA
• GLOBALISASI SEBUAH KENISCAYAAN
• Friedman (1999 in Leong: 2001)
– the international system that has replaced the cold-war system
– has its own rules, logic, structures, and characteristics
– changing the way in which people relate with each other, the way in
which people relate to their work lives, and the way in which culture
is defined
• PELENTURAN KULUTRAL VS. PELEBURAN KULTURAL
(CULTURAL RESILIENCE) VS. (CULTURAL FUSION)
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
3
PLURALISM E
KULTURAL
DAN
SISTEM
KEYAKINAN
HUBUNGAN
ANTAR
BANGSA
ENTRPRENEURSHIP
PENDIDIKAN;
ENKULTURASI
SUM BER
DAYA ALAM
DAN
TEKNLOGI
INFORM ASI
DAN
KOM UNIKASI
EKOLOGI
M ANUSIA
SUM BERSUM BER
ENERGI
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
KETAHANAN KULTURAL
(CULTURAL SURVIVAL)
2/ 11/ 2011
4
KELENTURAN KULTURAL (CULTURAL RESILIENCE)
KETAHANAN BANGSA (NATION’S SURVIVAL)
• Cultural resilience refers to a culture's capacity to
maintain and develop cultural identity and critical
cultural know ledge and practices
• Cultural identity is t he ident it y of a group or
cult ure, or of an individual as far as one is
influenced by one's belonging t o a group or cult ure
• Despite challenges and difficulties, a resilient
culture is capable of maintaining and developing
itself
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
5
Resilience refers to the ability of an individual,
family, organization, or community to cope w ith
adversity and adapt to challenges or change
v Resilience is the ability to:
v Bounce back
v Take on difficult challenges and still find meaning in life
v Respond positively to difficult situations
v Rise above adversity
v Cope w hen things look bleak
v Tap into hope
v Transform unfavorable situations into w isdom, insight,
and compassion
v Endure
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
6
TOWARDS A THEORETICAL FRAM EW ORK OF
RESILIENCE DEVELOPM ENT
CULTURAL
SKILLS
CULUTRAL
KNOW LEDGE
FAM ILY
RESILIENCE
INDIVIDUAL
RESILIENCE
COM M UNITY
RESILIENCE
CULTURAL
AWARENESS
2/ 11/ 2011
CULTURAL
ADHESIVE
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
AND
Sunaryo
Kartadinata, 2011
IDENTITY
7
M ODEL OF DEVELOPM ENT OF RESILIENCE
PROTECTIVE FACTORS:
… OPERATE TROUGH THE FOLLOW ING
PROCESS:
Adapted from Gunnestad, 2003
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
8
INDIVIDUAL RESILIENCE
Individual
Resilience The
ability for an
individual to
cope w ith
adversity and
change
2/ 11/ 2011
Demonstrating
Resilience
Vulnerability
Factors
Inhibiting
Resilience
Protective
Factors
Enhancing
Resilience
Facilitators of
Resilience
•Optimism
•Flexibility
•Self-confidence
•Competence
•Insightfulness
•Perseverance
•Perspective
•Self-control
•Sociability
• Poor social
•Social
skills
• Poor
problem solving
• Lack of
empathy
• Family
violence
• Abuse or
neglect
• Divorce
or partner
breakup
• Death or loss
• Lack of
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
social support
•Individuals
•Parents
•Grandparents
•Caregivers
•Children
•Adolescents
•Friends
•Partners
•Spouses
•Teachers
•Counselor
•Faith
competence
•Problemsolving skills
•Good coping
skills
•Empathy
•Secure or
stable family
•Supportive
relationships
•Intellectual
Community
abilities
•Self-efficacy
•Communication
9
skills
Organizational Resilience
Organizational
Resilience The
ability for a
business or
industry,
including its
employees, to
cope w ith
adversity and
change
2/ 11/ 2011
•Proactive
•Unclear
employees
•Clear mission,
goals, and
values
•Encourages
opportunities to
influence
change
•Clear
communication
•Nonjudgmental
•Emphasizes
learning
•Rewards high
performance
Expectations
•Conflicted
expectations
•Threat to job
security
•Lack of
personal control
•Hostile
atmosphere
•Defensive
atmosphere
•Unethical
environment
•Lack of
communication
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
•Open
•Employers
communication •M anagers
•Supportive
•Directors
colleagues
•Employees
•Clear
•Employee
responsibilities
•Ethical
environment
•Sense of
control
•Job security
•Supportive
management
•Connectedness
among
departments
•Recognition
assistance
programs
•Other
businesses
10
Community Resilience
Community
Resilience The
ability for an
individual and
the collective
community to
respond to
adversity and
change.
2/ 11/ 2011
•Connectedness •Lack of support •Access to
•Commitment services
Support
to community •Social
services
•Shared values discrimination •Community
•Cultural
•Structure,
networking
discrimination •Strong cultural
roles, and
responsibilities •Norms
identity
tolerating
exist
•Strong social
•Community
leaders
•Faith-based
organizations
•Volunteers
•Nonprofit
organizations
•M osque/ Churc
violence
throughout
hes/ houses of
support
•Deviant peer systems
community
worship
group
•Supportive
•Norms against •Counselor &
•Low
•Good
Support
violence
communication socioeconomic •Identification services staff
•Resource
status
as a community •Teachers
sharing
•Cohesive
•Crime rate
•Youth groups
•Volunteerism •Community
community
•Boy/ Girl
•Responsive
disorganization leadership
Scouts
organizations
•Civil rivalry
•Planned social
•Strong schools
networking
(Adapted from Kelly, 2007)
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
11
events
ABILITIES AND
SKILLS
M EANING,
VALUES, FAITH
ECOLOGY OF
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
DEVELOPM ENT
THAT FACILITATES
INDIVIDUAL TO
GET FULLY
FUNCTIONING IN
THE COM M UNITY
FAM ILY RESILIENCE
INDIVIDUAL
NETW ORK AND RESILIENCE
COM M UNITY &
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
INTERCONNECTEDNESS
HARM ONY IN
DIVERSITY
NATION’S
SURVIVAL,
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE AND
IDENTITY
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
12
PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
•
•
•
•
•
•
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS
RESAERCH ON CR DEVELOPM ENT
ROADM AP OF CULTURAL RESILEINCE DEV.
CULTURAL RESILIENCE POLITICS
COUNSELOR EDUCATION
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING INTERVENTION
(IN SCHOOL AND COM M UNITY SETTING)
SCHOOL CULTURE Ł ECOLOGY OF CR DEV.
ACESSIBILITY
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
13
DALAM M EM BANGUN KETAHANAN BANGSA:
SEBUAH PERSPEKTIF KULTURAL
(PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING IN DEVELOPING
NATION SURVIVAL: A CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE)
Kuliah Umum Jurusan Psikologi Pendidikan dan Bimbingan
7 Februari 2011
SUNARYO KARTADINATA
Professor in Guidance and Counseling
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
1
AYAT ENERGI UNIVERSAL
• Sesungguhnya Kami menciptakan kamu dari
seorang laki-laki dan perempuan dan
menjadikan kamu berbangsa-bangsa dan
bersuku-suku supaya kamu saling mengenal
(Q. 49:13)
• Sesungguhnya Allah tidak akan mengubah
keadaan suatu kaum sehingga mereka
mengubah keadaan yang ada pada diri
mereka sendiri. (Q. 13:11)
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
2
GLOBALISASI: SISTEM ANTAR BANGSA
• GLOBALISASI SEBUAH KENISCAYAAN
• Friedman (1999 in Leong: 2001)
– the international system that has replaced the cold-war system
– has its own rules, logic, structures, and characteristics
– changing the way in which people relate with each other, the way in
which people relate to their work lives, and the way in which culture
is defined
• PELENTURAN KULUTRAL VS. PELEBURAN KULTURAL
(CULTURAL RESILIENCE) VS. (CULTURAL FUSION)
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
3
PLURALISM E
KULTURAL
DAN
SISTEM
KEYAKINAN
HUBUNGAN
ANTAR
BANGSA
ENTRPRENEURSHIP
PENDIDIKAN;
ENKULTURASI
SUM BER
DAYA ALAM
DAN
TEKNLOGI
INFORM ASI
DAN
KOM UNIKASI
EKOLOGI
M ANUSIA
SUM BERSUM BER
ENERGI
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
KETAHANAN KULTURAL
(CULTURAL SURVIVAL)
2/ 11/ 2011
4
KELENTURAN KULTURAL (CULTURAL RESILIENCE)
KETAHANAN BANGSA (NATION’S SURVIVAL)
• Cultural resilience refers to a culture's capacity to
maintain and develop cultural identity and critical
cultural know ledge and practices
• Cultural identity is t he ident it y of a group or
cult ure, or of an individual as far as one is
influenced by one's belonging t o a group or cult ure
• Despite challenges and difficulties, a resilient
culture is capable of maintaining and developing
itself
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
5
Resilience refers to the ability of an individual,
family, organization, or community to cope w ith
adversity and adapt to challenges or change
v Resilience is the ability to:
v Bounce back
v Take on difficult challenges and still find meaning in life
v Respond positively to difficult situations
v Rise above adversity
v Cope w hen things look bleak
v Tap into hope
v Transform unfavorable situations into w isdom, insight,
and compassion
v Endure
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
6
TOWARDS A THEORETICAL FRAM EW ORK OF
RESILIENCE DEVELOPM ENT
CULTURAL
SKILLS
CULUTRAL
KNOW LEDGE
FAM ILY
RESILIENCE
INDIVIDUAL
RESILIENCE
COM M UNITY
RESILIENCE
CULTURAL
AWARENESS
2/ 11/ 2011
CULTURAL
ADHESIVE
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
AND
Sunaryo
Kartadinata, 2011
IDENTITY
7
M ODEL OF DEVELOPM ENT OF RESILIENCE
PROTECTIVE FACTORS:
… OPERATE TROUGH THE FOLLOW ING
PROCESS:
Adapted from Gunnestad, 2003
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
8
INDIVIDUAL RESILIENCE
Individual
Resilience The
ability for an
individual to
cope w ith
adversity and
change
2/ 11/ 2011
Demonstrating
Resilience
Vulnerability
Factors
Inhibiting
Resilience
Protective
Factors
Enhancing
Resilience
Facilitators of
Resilience
•Optimism
•Flexibility
•Self-confidence
•Competence
•Insightfulness
•Perseverance
•Perspective
•Self-control
•Sociability
• Poor social
•Social
skills
• Poor
problem solving
• Lack of
empathy
• Family
violence
• Abuse or
neglect
• Divorce
or partner
breakup
• Death or loss
• Lack of
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
social support
•Individuals
•Parents
•Grandparents
•Caregivers
•Children
•Adolescents
•Friends
•Partners
•Spouses
•Teachers
•Counselor
•Faith
competence
•Problemsolving skills
•Good coping
skills
•Empathy
•Secure or
stable family
•Supportive
relationships
•Intellectual
Community
abilities
•Self-efficacy
•Communication
9
skills
Organizational Resilience
Organizational
Resilience The
ability for a
business or
industry,
including its
employees, to
cope w ith
adversity and
change
2/ 11/ 2011
•Proactive
•Unclear
employees
•Clear mission,
goals, and
values
•Encourages
opportunities to
influence
change
•Clear
communication
•Nonjudgmental
•Emphasizes
learning
•Rewards high
performance
Expectations
•Conflicted
expectations
•Threat to job
security
•Lack of
personal control
•Hostile
atmosphere
•Defensive
atmosphere
•Unethical
environment
•Lack of
communication
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
•Open
•Employers
communication •M anagers
•Supportive
•Directors
colleagues
•Employees
•Clear
•Employee
responsibilities
•Ethical
environment
•Sense of
control
•Job security
•Supportive
management
•Connectedness
among
departments
•Recognition
assistance
programs
•Other
businesses
10
Community Resilience
Community
Resilience The
ability for an
individual and
the collective
community to
respond to
adversity and
change.
2/ 11/ 2011
•Connectedness •Lack of support •Access to
•Commitment services
Support
to community •Social
services
•Shared values discrimination •Community
•Cultural
•Structure,
networking
discrimination •Strong cultural
roles, and
responsibilities •Norms
identity
tolerating
exist
•Strong social
•Community
leaders
•Faith-based
organizations
•Volunteers
•Nonprofit
organizations
•M osque/ Churc
violence
throughout
hes/ houses of
support
•Deviant peer systems
community
worship
group
•Supportive
•Norms against •Counselor &
•Low
•Good
Support
violence
communication socioeconomic •Identification services staff
•Resource
status
as a community •Teachers
sharing
•Cohesive
•Crime rate
•Youth groups
•Volunteerism •Community
community
•Boy/ Girl
•Responsive
disorganization leadership
Scouts
organizations
•Civil rivalry
•Planned social
•Strong schools
networking
(Adapted from Kelly, 2007)
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
11
events
ABILITIES AND
SKILLS
M EANING,
VALUES, FAITH
ECOLOGY OF
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
DEVELOPM ENT
THAT FACILITATES
INDIVIDUAL TO
GET FULLY
FUNCTIONING IN
THE COM M UNITY
FAM ILY RESILIENCE
INDIVIDUAL
NETW ORK AND RESILIENCE
COM M UNITY &
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE
INTERCONNECTEDNESS
HARM ONY IN
DIVERSITY
NATION’S
SURVIVAL,
CULTURAL
RESILIENCE AND
IDENTITY
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
12
PROFESSIONAL RESPONSIBILITY OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING
•
•
•
•
•
•
PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS
RESAERCH ON CR DEVELOPM ENT
ROADM AP OF CULTURAL RESILEINCE DEV.
CULTURAL RESILIENCE POLITICS
COUNSELOR EDUCATION
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING INTERVENTION
(IN SCHOOL AND COM M UNITY SETTING)
SCHOOL CULTURE Ł ECOLOGY OF CR DEV.
ACESSIBILITY
2/ 11/ 2011
Sunaryo Kartadinata, 2011
13