Use of Milk Goat Yogurt Lowering Uric Acid, Cholesterol and Blood Glucose
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
Use of Milk Goat Yogurt Lowering Uric Acid,
Cholesterol and Blood Glucose
Sujono1, Bekti,Y2.,Hikmawan,A.3,Saga,A., dan Yuananda4
1,2,3,4) Teaching Staff of Health Departemen University Muhammaadiyah ofMalang
Abstract
Health is something that has always been observed by any person for the sake of survival. Healthy
lifestyle habits should be a society that is able to be applied in daily life - today. Exercise regularly,
consumption of nutritious foods and balanced to support a better life. An unhealthy diet , such as eating
foods high in fat , salt , sugar -free and low in carbohydrates complex , vegetables and fruits, the main
cause of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease , diabetes mellitus and Hyperuricemia ( Sacher ,
2004; Kumar et al. 2012). Various types of synthetic drugs used in medicine for example to decrease
uric acid , allopurinol denan cause allergic reactions , stomach disorders, bowel , headache , dizziness ,
fever and blood disorders ( Tjay & Rahardja , 2007). Using of drugs that lower koleserol examples drugs
of gemfibrozi drug , fenofibrate and bezafibrat of fibrate acid group which is usually used in patients
with type III hiperlipoproteinemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia , has side effects gastrointestinal
disturbances such as nausea , diarrhea , flatulence , and others. Class of drugs such as cholestyramine
and colestipol resins commonly used in patients with hypercholesterolemia, also give side effects such
as nausea, vomiting , and constipation, but is reduced after some time of taking the drug. Likewise, the
treatment of chronic hyperglycemia USING insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs are relatively more
expensive because of its use in the long term and can cause unwanted side effects. Therefore, it is
necessary to find an alternative treatment, especially from natural sources that are safer, does not have
efeksamping and effective for use in the treatment of gout, hiperkolesetrolemia and hyperglycemia.
Keywords: Milk Goat, Uric Acid, Cholesterol, Blood Glucose
1.
Introduction
Health is something that has always been observed by any person for the sake of survival.
Healthy lifestyle habits should be a society that is able to be applied in daily life - today.
Exercise regularly, consumption of nutritious foods and balanced to support a better life. An
unhealthy diet , such as eating foods high in fat , salt , sugar -free and low in carbohydrates
complex , vegetables and fruits, the main cause of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease
, diabetes mellitus and Hyperuricemia ( Sacher , 2004; Kumar et al. 2012).
Various types of synthetic drugs used in medicine for example to decrease uric acid ,
allopurinol denan cause allergic reactions , stomach disorders, bowel , headache , dizziness ,
fever and blood disorders ( Tjay & Rahardja , 2007). Using of drugs that lower koleserol
examples drugs of gemfibrozi drug , fenofibrate and bezafibrat of fibrate acid group which is
usually used in patients with type III hiperlipoproteinemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia ,
has side effects gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea , diarrhea , flatulence , and others.
Class of drugs such as cholestyramine and colestipol resins commonly used in patients with
hypercholesterolemia, also give side effects such as nausea, vomiting , and constipation, but is
reduced after some time of taking the drug. Likewise, the treatment of chronic hyperglycemia
USING insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs are relatively more expensive because of its use in
257
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
the long term and can cause unwanted side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find an
alternative treatment, especially from natural sources that are safer, does not have efeksamping
and effective for use in the treatment of gout, hiperkolesetrolemia and hyperglycemia.
Goat milk has the advantage in the composition of which have natural antiseptic
properties that can suppress the development and breeding of bacteria in the body. This is due
to Fluorine whose levels reach 10-100 times greater than in cow's milk, alkaline that is safe for
the body, protein soft and mild laksatif effect so it does not cause diarrhea to consume, there
are fats that are easily digested because it has the texture soft and smooth, smaller than a grain
of beef fa. Cow's milk fat droplet 4.55 um ( micrometer ) and goat's milk only 3,49um. It is
easier for the liver to digest thus reduce allergic reactions. The presence of sodium (Na),
fluorine (F), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) as the dominant chemical elements and the
amount of other nutrients, goat milk is believed to cure some kidney disorders, such as nephrotic
syndrome ,infection - kidney infection and gout high (Moeljanto & Wiryanta, 2002) .
Goat milk is processed fermented yoghurt made has advantages compared with fresh
goat's milk, and serves to avoid pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This is because there
is fluid in the process of making yoghurt called whey contains sodium (Na) is very high, so the
joint stiffness is preventable and curable (Moeljanto & Wiryanta, 2002). Yogurt contains
vitamin B1 , vitamin B1 which has the structural formula similar to allopurinol (Setiawan &
Suyono , 2012). Allopurinol is a compound that is often used as a drug suppresses the
production of uric acid in the body of the patient because these compounds can inhibit the action
of xanthine oxidase. Several hypotheses about the decreased levels of cholesterol by
Lactobacillus bacteria , namely : 1) the cholesterol that is in kimus eaten by bacteria, so that
cholesterol is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract decreases. 2 ) cholesterol can be bound to
the bacterial cell surface or incorporated into the bacterial cell membrane or in convection
becomes coprostanol by cholesterol reductase produced by a strain of Lactobacillus. 3 )
inhibited the formation of micelles by probiotik.Bakteri Lactobacillus strains can produce
ferulic acid (FA), which can inhibit sterol HMGCoAreductase and secrete acid, so that blood
cholesterol levels can be decreased (Duchesneau,et al.2014). Yogurt is a probiotic product.
Probiotics are living organisms that can provide beneficial effects to health if consumed in
sufficient quantities ( Muhammadshahi , et al, 2014). This makes researchers are interested to
know the effectiveness of goat's milk yoghurt starter against the various levels of uric acid, total
cholesterol and blood glucose in male white rats ( Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain ).
2.
Metodologi Research
This research is true experimental using Post Test Control Group Design is research being
done to determine the extent of the relationship influences by comparing one or more results of
the research object, one or more objects control observed and dukur after treatment
(Notoatmodjo, 2005),
Treatment. This study uses a completely randomized design ( CRD) with four treatments
and six repetitions :
PA = Placebo / water ad- lib
PS = Goat Milk Yogurt Stater Streptococcus with dose (10 ml/day/rat)
PL = Goat Milk Yogurt Stater Lactobacillus with dosage (10 ml/day/rat)
PC = Stater Goat Milk Yogurt Mix (Streptococcus and Lactobacillus ) dose (10ml/day/rat).
258
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
Animals Materials. Material used is a white male rats ( Wistar strain RattusNovergicus )
, aged between 2-3 months , with the average - average weight of approximately 2,799 grams
Koevisien variation ± 9.46 % in a healthy state and has a clear eye . Deuteronomy each
treatment 6 times the number of mice as many as 24 male and backup each 2 tail.
a.
Sample inclusion criteria, namely :
1.
Age 2-3 months
2.
Weight is measured using a variation koefisien with the result that more than 10
%
3.
Male white rats, Wistar strain nation
4.
Healthy, characterized by an active movement, and a clear eye.
b.
Sample exclusion criteria, namely :
1.
Rats died when treatment.
2.
Mice that were too aggressive to endanger other mice.
Research variable
1.
Variabel independent
The independent variable in this research was the goat's milk yoghurt by using starters
Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , and the mixture ( Lactobacillus and Streptococcus)
10ml/day/head.
2.
Variabel dependent
The dependent variable in this study is the level of uric acid and blood glucose
cholesterol total white male rats(Rattus novergicus Wistar strain).
3.
Instrumen Research
a. Maintenance tool mice : mice Cages,cage cover of woven wire, a bottle of water .
b. Other equipment : Spuit injection of 3 ml and 1 ml , scales to measure the body
weight of rats, Spectrophotometer wave 546 nm , Pipette drops , micropipette,
Gloves, microhematocrit, centrifuges, Test Tube, Vaccutainer, sonde, cotton.
c. Surgical tool rat: surgical scissors, tweezers, place the blood ( preparation bottle),
Gloves, network hook, needles, surgical board, paper table.
4.
Consumption of Goat Milk Yogurt
Consumption of goat's milk yoghurt 10 ml/day/mice were divided into three feedings
for 30 days through the sonde tool made of injection devices ( syringes) size Pipette 3ml
modified with rubber with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 7 cm.
5.
Processes anesthesia
The process of anesthesia in rats using chloroform as many as 5 ml ( can be used for 10
rats ) by using cotton that has been given chloroform was added to the glass chumber
for 5 minutes , then put on chumber mice and then closed. Wait until 20-25 seconds
until the rat did not move again.
6.
Processes Surgery
Surgery rats by means of bodies stretched flat rat on board and then on the foot is given
a pin so that the mice did not change position when surgery . Then split vertically mice
that bottom up on the base of the neck. The base of the neck to do division horizontally
so that the skin of mice can be expanded . Having pierced with a pin for easy
identification in blood collection . Blood is drawn through the aorta to the heart of the
capillary tube of 1-2 ml using a 3 ml syringe . After taking the blood through the aorta
259
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
7.
3.
ISSN: 2477-3328
of the heart, and then inserted into vaccutainer. Label on each - each blood on
vaccutainer.
Analysis of Data
The data obtained in this study to analyze the data using one-way ANOVA test to test
the hypothesis of similarity between the average value of each group and if there is a
difference followed by Least Significant Difference test.
Results And Discussion
3.1
Levels of Uric Acid Research
The observation of 30 days after administration of the goat milk yogurt uric acid levels
and presented in Table 1
Table 1. Average uric acid levels in the observation day to 30 male rats (
Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain)
Average Levels of Uric Acid
Treatment
(mg/dl)
Placebo / water
3,75a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
2,50bc
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
2,40c
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
2,65b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
Uric acid levels given placebo group was given yogurt goat milk is 3.75 mg/dl. Highest
compared to the group of uric kadar`asam goat's milk yoghurt with starterLactobacillus
bulgaricus with the average - average uric acid levels in rats 2.5 mg/dl , with
starterStreptococus thermophilus has a value - average of 2.4 mg/dl and a mixed starter
(Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus ) obtained value - average of 2.65
mg/dl. Lowest levels of uric acid in the treatment of streptococcus thermophilus starter has a
value - average of 2.4 mg / dl , but the result is the same as the treatment of Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter with the average - average uric acid levels in rats 2.5 mg / dl. The results of
this study shows that the goat milk yogurt can lower blood uric acid levels . This is explained
by Setiawan & Suyono ( 2012) ; Anandagiri , et al ( 2014 ) on goat milk yogurt has vitamin B1
which possess similar chemical strutur allopurinol to inhibit xanthine oxidase work such
compounds will compete with xanthine and hypoxanthine, so the amount of uric acid is the end
product xanti conversion can be suppressed.
3.2
Blood Glucose Research
The observation of the effectiveness of various goat's milk yogurt starter and placebo on
blood glucose levels in male rats can be seen in Table 2.
Table 2. Average RAL - Average blood glucose levels in mg/dl
Average Levels of blood glucose
Treatment
(mg/dl)
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The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
Placebo / water
148,66a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
134,50bc
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
135,33c
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
130,16b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
LSD test results shown that the treatment group goat milk yogurt starter, especially with
a mixture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus thermopilus proven most effective at
lower blood glucose levels. Starter mixture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus
thermopilus little has activities that are more effective than starter not mix, due to the
combination of the two starter will form a mutually beneficial relationship mutualism or
symbiosis. Streptococcus thermopilus produces formic acid which can stimulate the growth of
Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Furthermore,Lactobacillus bulgaricus produces amino acids glycine
and histidine needed for the growth of Streptococcus thermopilus (Yunita, D.,Rohaya S,N., &
Maulina Husna, 2011). Glucose levels highest real control group compared to the group treated
yogurt. This is because yogurt contains Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which can increase insulin
sensitivity, especially in the IRS (Insuline Receptor Substrate) by reducing the formation of fat
in the body of mice that is more effective at and insulin secretion in a glucose transfer to cell
to be optimized. The results of this study reinforced by research conducted by (Naydenovi.K.,
et al.,2012) which states that the yogurt is a functional food that is able to work as an antidiabetic
and antioxidant. According Sulistyoningrum(2010) resistance or reduced insulin secretion in
the blood caused by the accumulation of fat, high cholesterol levels and hypertension.
3.3
Cholesterol Blood Research
White rat blood cholesterol levels by various stater yoghrut goat milk can be seen in
Table 3.
Table 3. Average - Average levels of total cholesterol (mg/dl)
Average Levels of
cholesterol
Treatment
(mg/dl)
Placebo / water
62,83a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
52,17b
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
51,00bc
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
54,16b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
LSD test results showed that the placebo group (water) treatment significantly different
stater Lactobacillus, Streptococcus significantly different, and the mixture (Lactobacillus and
Streptococcus). While the Lactobacillus group-Streptococcus, mix - Lactobacillus, and
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The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
mixtures - Streptococcus was not significantly different can lower total cholesterol levels in
male rats. Total cholesterol levels placebo treatment (water) had the highest blood cholesterol
levels compared to the other treatment groups, namely Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and
mixture (Lactobacillus and Streptococcus). This is because of LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria ) in
the treatment group were able to survive in the gut and help the fermentation process and the
process dekonjugasi empedu.Proses salt helps reduce plasma cholesterol levels by cutting
through the mechanism of conjugation Bile Salt Deconjugation. Not only mechanism Bile Salt
Deconjugation, but the cell bodies of the bacteria asamlaktat able to bind cholesterol in the
digestive tract, so cholesterol can not be absorbed by the intestinal lumen and out along with
feces (Kumar,et al., 2012). Another factor is the amount of vitamin E in goat milk fat is able to
function as antioxidants and able to control contents cholesterol in the blood (Sodik & Abidin,
2008).
4.
Conclusion
Based on the results and discussion of this study , it can be concluded as follows :
1.
Yoghurt goat milk is effective in lowering the levels of uric acid, glucose and blood
cholesterol h in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain)
2.
Yogurt mixed starter of goat milk with Lactobacillus bulgaricus with Streptococcus
thermopilus more effective than a single starter yogurt.
Reference
Adhi.(2014). Utilization of kombucha tea as medicine Hyperuricemia through inhibition of
xanthine oxidase activity in rattus norvegicus . Chemical Journal 8 ( 2 ) , July 2014:
220-225 . ISSN 1907-9850
Duchesneau , C.T , et al . ( 2014). Cholesterol assimilation by Lactobacillus probiotic bacteria
: an in vitro investigation . Biomed Research International , 2014 .
Moeljanto , Rini Damayanti.T , Bernardinus.Wiryanta , Revelation. (2002 ) . Efficacy and
benefits of goat milk is the best milk from ruminant animals . AgroMedia
Kumar, M , et al . ( 2012) . Cholesterol - Lowering Potential probiotics as Biotherapeutics
forMetabolic Diseases. Experimental Diabetes Research , 2012, 1-2 .
Mohamadshahi.M , Veisi.M , Haidari.F , Shahbazian.H , Kaydani.G , and Mohammadi.F . (
2014). Effect of Probotic Yogurt Consumption On inflamatory Biomarkers In Pateints
With Type 2 Diabetes . Bioimpact , I4 ( 2 ) , 83-88
Naydenov.K , Anastasov.A , Avramova.M , Mindov , Tacheva , A.Tolekova , and Vlaykova .
( 2012) .Probiotics And Diabetes Mellitus . Trakia Journal Of sciences , 10 ( 1 ) , 300306
Notoatmodjo , S. (2005 ) .This method Health Research . Ed 3.Jakarta : PT Rineka Reserved
Sacher , Ronald A. ( 2004 ) .Review clinical laboratory results . Jakarta : EGC
Setiawan, Iwan. , And Suyono . ( 2012) . Effect of Kombucha tea on Uric Acid Levels Rattus
norvegicus . Journal , Department of Chemistry , State University of Surabaya.
Sodiq , A , & Abidin , Z. (2008 ) . Increase milk production in the dairy goat hybrid etawa
efficacious drugs . Jakarta : Agro Media Library .
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The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
Sulistyoningrum.E.Review M of Molecular and Clinical Aspects Of Health.4 Insulin.Mandala
resistance . ( 2 ).
Tjay , T.H , & Rahardja , K. (2007 ) . Drugs - essential drugs , Issue 6. Jakarta . PT . Elex
Media Komputindo
Yunita.D , Rohaya.S , Husna.N , and Maulina.I . (2011 ) . Making Niyoghurt With a
Difference Comparison of Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus
well as their Quality Changes During Penyimpanan.Teknologi Syiah Kuala University
of Agricultural Products
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ISSN: 2477-3328
Use of Milk Goat Yogurt Lowering Uric Acid,
Cholesterol and Blood Glucose
Sujono1, Bekti,Y2.,Hikmawan,A.3,Saga,A., dan Yuananda4
1,2,3,4) Teaching Staff of Health Departemen University Muhammaadiyah ofMalang
Abstract
Health is something that has always been observed by any person for the sake of survival. Healthy
lifestyle habits should be a society that is able to be applied in daily life - today. Exercise regularly,
consumption of nutritious foods and balanced to support a better life. An unhealthy diet , such as eating
foods high in fat , salt , sugar -free and low in carbohydrates complex , vegetables and fruits, the main
cause of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease , diabetes mellitus and Hyperuricemia ( Sacher ,
2004; Kumar et al. 2012). Various types of synthetic drugs used in medicine for example to decrease
uric acid , allopurinol denan cause allergic reactions , stomach disorders, bowel , headache , dizziness ,
fever and blood disorders ( Tjay & Rahardja , 2007). Using of drugs that lower koleserol examples drugs
of gemfibrozi drug , fenofibrate and bezafibrat of fibrate acid group which is usually used in patients
with type III hiperlipoproteinemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia , has side effects gastrointestinal
disturbances such as nausea , diarrhea , flatulence , and others. Class of drugs such as cholestyramine
and colestipol resins commonly used in patients with hypercholesterolemia, also give side effects such
as nausea, vomiting , and constipation, but is reduced after some time of taking the drug. Likewise, the
treatment of chronic hyperglycemia USING insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs are relatively more
expensive because of its use in the long term and can cause unwanted side effects. Therefore, it is
necessary to find an alternative treatment, especially from natural sources that are safer, does not have
efeksamping and effective for use in the treatment of gout, hiperkolesetrolemia and hyperglycemia.
Keywords: Milk Goat, Uric Acid, Cholesterol, Blood Glucose
1.
Introduction
Health is something that has always been observed by any person for the sake of survival.
Healthy lifestyle habits should be a society that is able to be applied in daily life - today.
Exercise regularly, consumption of nutritious foods and balanced to support a better life. An
unhealthy diet , such as eating foods high in fat , salt , sugar -free and low in carbohydrates
complex , vegetables and fruits, the main cause of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease
, diabetes mellitus and Hyperuricemia ( Sacher , 2004; Kumar et al. 2012).
Various types of synthetic drugs used in medicine for example to decrease uric acid ,
allopurinol denan cause allergic reactions , stomach disorders, bowel , headache , dizziness ,
fever and blood disorders ( Tjay & Rahardja , 2007). Using of drugs that lower koleserol
examples drugs of gemfibrozi drug , fenofibrate and bezafibrat of fibrate acid group which is
usually used in patients with type III hiperlipoproteinemia and severe hypertriglyceridemia ,
has side effects gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea , diarrhea , flatulence , and others.
Class of drugs such as cholestyramine and colestipol resins commonly used in patients with
hypercholesterolemia, also give side effects such as nausea, vomiting , and constipation, but is
reduced after some time of taking the drug. Likewise, the treatment of chronic hyperglycemia
USING insulin and oral antidiabetic drugs are relatively more expensive because of its use in
257
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
the long term and can cause unwanted side effects. Therefore, it is necessary to find an
alternative treatment, especially from natural sources that are safer, does not have efeksamping
and effective for use in the treatment of gout, hiperkolesetrolemia and hyperglycemia.
Goat milk has the advantage in the composition of which have natural antiseptic
properties that can suppress the development and breeding of bacteria in the body. This is due
to Fluorine whose levels reach 10-100 times greater than in cow's milk, alkaline that is safe for
the body, protein soft and mild laksatif effect so it does not cause diarrhea to consume, there
are fats that are easily digested because it has the texture soft and smooth, smaller than a grain
of beef fa. Cow's milk fat droplet 4.55 um ( micrometer ) and goat's milk only 3,49um. It is
easier for the liver to digest thus reduce allergic reactions. The presence of sodium (Na),
fluorine (F), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) as the dominant chemical elements and the
amount of other nutrients, goat milk is believed to cure some kidney disorders, such as nephrotic
syndrome ,infection - kidney infection and gout high (Moeljanto & Wiryanta, 2002) .
Goat milk is processed fermented yoghurt made has advantages compared with fresh
goat's milk, and serves to avoid pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This is because there
is fluid in the process of making yoghurt called whey contains sodium (Na) is very high, so the
joint stiffness is preventable and curable (Moeljanto & Wiryanta, 2002). Yogurt contains
vitamin B1 , vitamin B1 which has the structural formula similar to allopurinol (Setiawan &
Suyono , 2012). Allopurinol is a compound that is often used as a drug suppresses the
production of uric acid in the body of the patient because these compounds can inhibit the action
of xanthine oxidase. Several hypotheses about the decreased levels of cholesterol by
Lactobacillus bacteria , namely : 1) the cholesterol that is in kimus eaten by bacteria, so that
cholesterol is absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract decreases. 2 ) cholesterol can be bound to
the bacterial cell surface or incorporated into the bacterial cell membrane or in convection
becomes coprostanol by cholesterol reductase produced by a strain of Lactobacillus. 3 )
inhibited the formation of micelles by probiotik.Bakteri Lactobacillus strains can produce
ferulic acid (FA), which can inhibit sterol HMGCoAreductase and secrete acid, so that blood
cholesterol levels can be decreased (Duchesneau,et al.2014). Yogurt is a probiotic product.
Probiotics are living organisms that can provide beneficial effects to health if consumed in
sufficient quantities ( Muhammadshahi , et al, 2014). This makes researchers are interested to
know the effectiveness of goat's milk yoghurt starter against the various levels of uric acid, total
cholesterol and blood glucose in male white rats ( Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain ).
2.
Metodologi Research
This research is true experimental using Post Test Control Group Design is research being
done to determine the extent of the relationship influences by comparing one or more results of
the research object, one or more objects control observed and dukur after treatment
(Notoatmodjo, 2005),
Treatment. This study uses a completely randomized design ( CRD) with four treatments
and six repetitions :
PA = Placebo / water ad- lib
PS = Goat Milk Yogurt Stater Streptococcus with dose (10 ml/day/rat)
PL = Goat Milk Yogurt Stater Lactobacillus with dosage (10 ml/day/rat)
PC = Stater Goat Milk Yogurt Mix (Streptococcus and Lactobacillus ) dose (10ml/day/rat).
258
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
ISSN: 2477-3328
Animals Materials. Material used is a white male rats ( Wistar strain RattusNovergicus )
, aged between 2-3 months , with the average - average weight of approximately 2,799 grams
Koevisien variation ± 9.46 % in a healthy state and has a clear eye . Deuteronomy each
treatment 6 times the number of mice as many as 24 male and backup each 2 tail.
a.
Sample inclusion criteria, namely :
1.
Age 2-3 months
2.
Weight is measured using a variation koefisien with the result that more than 10
%
3.
Male white rats, Wistar strain nation
4.
Healthy, characterized by an active movement, and a clear eye.
b.
Sample exclusion criteria, namely :
1.
Rats died when treatment.
2.
Mice that were too aggressive to endanger other mice.
Research variable
1.
Variabel independent
The independent variable in this research was the goat's milk yoghurt by using starters
Lactobacillus , Streptococcus , and the mixture ( Lactobacillus and Streptococcus)
10ml/day/head.
2.
Variabel dependent
The dependent variable in this study is the level of uric acid and blood glucose
cholesterol total white male rats(Rattus novergicus Wistar strain).
3.
Instrumen Research
a. Maintenance tool mice : mice Cages,cage cover of woven wire, a bottle of water .
b. Other equipment : Spuit injection of 3 ml and 1 ml , scales to measure the body
weight of rats, Spectrophotometer wave 546 nm , Pipette drops , micropipette,
Gloves, microhematocrit, centrifuges, Test Tube, Vaccutainer, sonde, cotton.
c. Surgical tool rat: surgical scissors, tweezers, place the blood ( preparation bottle),
Gloves, network hook, needles, surgical board, paper table.
4.
Consumption of Goat Milk Yogurt
Consumption of goat's milk yoghurt 10 ml/day/mice were divided into three feedings
for 30 days through the sonde tool made of injection devices ( syringes) size Pipette 3ml
modified with rubber with a diameter of 4 mm and a length of 7 cm.
5.
Processes anesthesia
The process of anesthesia in rats using chloroform as many as 5 ml ( can be used for 10
rats ) by using cotton that has been given chloroform was added to the glass chumber
for 5 minutes , then put on chumber mice and then closed. Wait until 20-25 seconds
until the rat did not move again.
6.
Processes Surgery
Surgery rats by means of bodies stretched flat rat on board and then on the foot is given
a pin so that the mice did not change position when surgery . Then split vertically mice
that bottom up on the base of the neck. The base of the neck to do division horizontally
so that the skin of mice can be expanded . Having pierced with a pin for easy
identification in blood collection . Blood is drawn through the aorta to the heart of the
capillary tube of 1-2 ml using a 3 ml syringe . After taking the blood through the aorta
259
The 2nd International Conference on Science, Technology, and Humanity
7.
3.
ISSN: 2477-3328
of the heart, and then inserted into vaccutainer. Label on each - each blood on
vaccutainer.
Analysis of Data
The data obtained in this study to analyze the data using one-way ANOVA test to test
the hypothesis of similarity between the average value of each group and if there is a
difference followed by Least Significant Difference test.
Results And Discussion
3.1
Levels of Uric Acid Research
The observation of 30 days after administration of the goat milk yogurt uric acid levels
and presented in Table 1
Table 1. Average uric acid levels in the observation day to 30 male rats (
Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain)
Average Levels of Uric Acid
Treatment
(mg/dl)
Placebo / water
3,75a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
2,50bc
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
2,40c
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
2,65b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
Uric acid levels given placebo group was given yogurt goat milk is 3.75 mg/dl. Highest
compared to the group of uric kadar`asam goat's milk yoghurt with starterLactobacillus
bulgaricus with the average - average uric acid levels in rats 2.5 mg/dl , with
starterStreptococus thermophilus has a value - average of 2.4 mg/dl and a mixed starter
(Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus ) obtained value - average of 2.65
mg/dl. Lowest levels of uric acid in the treatment of streptococcus thermophilus starter has a
value - average of 2.4 mg / dl , but the result is the same as the treatment of Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter with the average - average uric acid levels in rats 2.5 mg / dl. The results of
this study shows that the goat milk yogurt can lower blood uric acid levels . This is explained
by Setiawan & Suyono ( 2012) ; Anandagiri , et al ( 2014 ) on goat milk yogurt has vitamin B1
which possess similar chemical strutur allopurinol to inhibit xanthine oxidase work such
compounds will compete with xanthine and hypoxanthine, so the amount of uric acid is the end
product xanti conversion can be suppressed.
3.2
Blood Glucose Research
The observation of the effectiveness of various goat's milk yogurt starter and placebo on
blood glucose levels in male rats can be seen in Table 2.
Table 2. Average RAL - Average blood glucose levels in mg/dl
Average Levels of blood glucose
Treatment
(mg/dl)
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Placebo / water
148,66a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
134,50bc
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
135,33c
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
130,16b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
LSD test results shown that the treatment group goat milk yogurt starter, especially with
a mixture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and streptococcus thermopilus proven most effective at
lower blood glucose levels. Starter mixture of Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus
thermopilus little has activities that are more effective than starter not mix, due to the
combination of the two starter will form a mutually beneficial relationship mutualism or
symbiosis. Streptococcus thermopilus produces formic acid which can stimulate the growth of
Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Furthermore,Lactobacillus bulgaricus produces amino acids glycine
and histidine needed for the growth of Streptococcus thermopilus (Yunita, D.,Rohaya S,N., &
Maulina Husna, 2011). Glucose levels highest real control group compared to the group treated
yogurt. This is because yogurt contains Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), which can increase insulin
sensitivity, especially in the IRS (Insuline Receptor Substrate) by reducing the formation of fat
in the body of mice that is more effective at and insulin secretion in a glucose transfer to cell
to be optimized. The results of this study reinforced by research conducted by (Naydenovi.K.,
et al.,2012) which states that the yogurt is a functional food that is able to work as an antidiabetic
and antioxidant. According Sulistyoningrum(2010) resistance or reduced insulin secretion in
the blood caused by the accumulation of fat, high cholesterol levels and hypertension.
3.3
Cholesterol Blood Research
White rat blood cholesterol levels by various stater yoghrut goat milk can be seen in
Table 3.
Table 3. Average - Average levels of total cholesterol (mg/dl)
Average Levels of
cholesterol
Treatment
(mg/dl)
Placebo / water
62,83a
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
52,17b
bulgaricus starter
Group of goat's milk yoghurt with
51,00bc
Streptococus thermophilus starter
Group of goat milk yoghurt with Lactobacillus
bulgaricus starter mix dengan Streptococus
54,16b
thermophilus
Note: Different letters in one column indicate significant differences
LSD test results showed that the placebo group (water) treatment significantly different
stater Lactobacillus, Streptococcus significantly different, and the mixture (Lactobacillus and
Streptococcus). While the Lactobacillus group-Streptococcus, mix - Lactobacillus, and
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mixtures - Streptococcus was not significantly different can lower total cholesterol levels in
male rats. Total cholesterol levels placebo treatment (water) had the highest blood cholesterol
levels compared to the other treatment groups, namely Lactobacillus, Streptococcus and
mixture (Lactobacillus and Streptococcus). This is because of LAB (Lactic Acid Bacteria ) in
the treatment group were able to survive in the gut and help the fermentation process and the
process dekonjugasi empedu.Proses salt helps reduce plasma cholesterol levels by cutting
through the mechanism of conjugation Bile Salt Deconjugation. Not only mechanism Bile Salt
Deconjugation, but the cell bodies of the bacteria asamlaktat able to bind cholesterol in the
digestive tract, so cholesterol can not be absorbed by the intestinal lumen and out along with
feces (Kumar,et al., 2012). Another factor is the amount of vitamin E in goat milk fat is able to
function as antioxidants and able to control contents cholesterol in the blood (Sodik & Abidin,
2008).
4.
Conclusion
Based on the results and discussion of this study , it can be concluded as follows :
1.
Yoghurt goat milk is effective in lowering the levels of uric acid, glucose and blood
cholesterol h in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain)
2.
Yogurt mixed starter of goat milk with Lactobacillus bulgaricus with Streptococcus
thermopilus more effective than a single starter yogurt.
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