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Thereisprocessthatmustbeundergonesothatitcanbecatogorizedas language. All thosephasesare summarized in linguisticsand the writer will
explainitbyinsertingthe main stepsof languageformation.
2.2. Subfieldsof Linguistics
Languageisacombinationofsmallestelementfoundinitandeachof themhasasignificantrole todeterminea meaning thatuser wantsstating.Every
elementorlexicaliteminlanguageisexplicatedparticularinlinguistics.The writer
would like to put iton thispoint inorder to guide thisanalysisinto theright destination.BasedonKreidler1998:18therearesix phasestaken tocategorizeit as
alanguage. Thesearesixsubfields of linguistics thathaveessentialprocess of languageformation:
-Phonetics:Thestudyandclassificationofthenatureofspeechsounds,
primarilyits structure, articulation andperception. Phoneticshasthree mainsubfields:
articulatory phoneticscorrelationbetweenspeechorgans andtheproductionof speech,acousticphoneticspropertiesof human speech
sound waves, and auditoryphoneticsspeech perception. Voicing:[s]versus[z]
•sue[su:w]versuszoo [zu:w]
-Phonology:Theanalysis anddescriptionofhow
meaningfulsounds combineinto functionalpatternsin speechproduction of alanguage.
• housesing. noun [haws]
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• houseverb [hawz] • housesplur. noun [hawzz]
-Morphology:Thestudyofthestructureofindividualwordsandofthe smallest
meaningfulunitsalong withtheirpossiblecombinationstoform lexicalitems. • missile:‘ICBM’
• anti-tank-missile:‘missile targettingtanks’ • anti-aircraft-missle:‘missile targettingaircraft’
• anti-missile-missile:‘missile targettingICBMs’
-Syntax:Thestudy ofthegrammaticalrelationsbetweenwords,howthey
combineintolargerunitsandtherules thatmustbeobeyedtoform
sentences. Tobedistinguishedfrom
morphology,whichappliestounits smallerthan
theword. • Isawthewoman with the telescope.
• Iforgothowgood beer tastes.
-Semantics:Thestudy ofthemeaningofpartsofwords,phrases, sentences
and textswiththeaimto explainhowsequencesof language coincidewith their meanings when articulated in particular environments.
• Wescreened the candidates. • Isawher duck.