Consumption of Carbonated Beverages and the Risk For Gastrointestinal Disease: A Systematic Review
PENELITIAN GIZI DAN MAKANAN
(THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND FOOD RESEARCH)
. KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
PUSAT TEKNOLOGI TERAPAN KESEHATAN DAN EPIDEMIOLOGI KLINIK
(CENTER FOR HEALTH APPLIED TECHNOLOGY AND CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY)
Jalan Dr. Sumeru No. 63 Bogor 16112
Tel. (0251) 8324583, 8321763; Fax. (0251) 8326348
Website: www.pusat2.litbang.depkes.go.id
E-mail: redaksipgm@yahoo.com
Penel Gizi
Makan
Vol. 37
No.1
Him. 1-85
Bogar,
Juni2014
ISSN:
0125-9717
Terakreditasi (Accredited) No. 434/ AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012
Consumption of carbonated beverages and the risk for. .. (Giriwono PE, dkk)
CONSUMPTION OF CARBONA TED BEVERAGES AND THE RISK FOR GA STR01NTESTPNAt
DISEASE: A SYSTEMA TIC REVIEW
(KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERKARBONASI DAN RISIKO SAKIT ｓ ａｌ ｕｒＢｾｎ＠
ｲ Ｎｊｾ
ｦ｜ｬ ｃｅｒ
ｉ ｜ｬａＯｪＬ｛
Ｚ＠
REVIEW SISTEMATlS)
Puspo Edi Giriwo no 1.2 , Nuri And arwul an 1.2, Rimbawa n 1.3 and Deddy Much1 ad i 1.2
lSoutheast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, 130gor Ag ri cul1ural UlliVClsity
2Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Ag ricultural Universily
3Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University
e-mail: peg iriwono@ipb.ac. id
Diterim a: 04-02-201 4
Direvisi : 26-05-20 14
Disel ujui: 06· 06· 2014
ABSTRACT
Issues of different effects of carb onated soft drinks to human health have been circulated and analyzed in both
scientific and non-scientific approaches. However, there is few publica tions discussing the specific effect of
ca rbonation on human health and, more often than not. studies have largely conce ntrated on the effe ct of sunDr
or calorie content in ca rbonated beverages in affecting our health. Th us th e effect of carbonation iisO/f on
human health is th en lost in arguments contradicting or reaffirmin g the effect of carbonated soft drinks. 1·'\Ie
conducted this systematic review to specifically observe current fin dings on the effect of carbonation in
beverages on human health. This systematic review was conducted using Scirus sea rch engine to list arlir:les
re/evant with keywords such as C02, carbonated beverage, carbonation, sparkling water, gastroin fesfin al,
!:la stro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Next, arlicles were obtained from numerous databases and sCI"e&ned
for their relevan ce and context. Finally, peer reading and discussion were conducted fo r th e wrifin u of th is
arlie/e. The results of this systematic review observed three major arlie/e subjects currenily correlaied with
exe/usive effect of ca rbonation on gastrointestinal health. Published studies indicate that oral cavity/dental
health, gastro-esophageal reflux and most recently esophageal adenocarcinoma are discussed frequen tly and
observed in population studies in different countries consuming significant quantities of carbonated bevc rages.
Eight arlie/es (40%) discussed dominant factors not corre lated with carbonation which significa ntly affect (fental
erosions. Six (33%) articles obse rved no e/ear clinical significance carbonation promotes or exacerbate Uasfroesophageal reflux. Interestingly, five (27%) artie/es reporled insignificant correlation, even inverserf, of
carbonation on esophageal carcinoma. Currently a vailable scientific studies on population s in multiple countrie s
show that the effect of carbonation in beverages has non-significant (statistically) effect on ihe healfh of th e
gastrointestinal tract.
Keywords: ,Carbonated beverage s, gastrointestinal, GERO, esophageal adenocarcin oma
ABSTRAK
Isu mengenai dampak karbona si pad a minuman ring an te rhadap kesehatan , terutama kcse ha18n sa lur;:m
pencernaan , telah banyak beredar beserta pembahasannya , baik secara ilmiah maupu n tidal< . "':fek kc seha181l
dari unsur karbonasi pad a minuman ringall sangat jarang dibahas dan dipublikasikall pada jurn al il rni ah.
Melakukan systematic review status ilmiah terkini khusus mengenai dampak karbonasi dalam berbagai procJuk
minuman terhadap kesehatall saluran pencernaan. Scirus search engine digunakan untuk melacak aliikel
ilmiah dengan kata kunci khusus , yakni C02, carbonated beverage, carbonation , sparkli ng wate r,
gastrointestinal, gastro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Tahap ini dilanjutkan dengan penapisan (screell ill g)
untuk kesesuaian subjek artikel dan akses. Tahap terakhir adalah focus group discussion bersama peer/ahli
dalam bidang gizi, kesehatan dan keamanan pangan. Hasil dari systematic review memperlih atl
consumed , thu s making it probable fol' GEF
(THE JOURNAL OF NUTRITION AND FOOD RESEARCH)
. KEMENTERIAN KESEHATAN REPUBLIK INDONESIA
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan
PUSAT TEKNOLOGI TERAPAN KESEHATAN DAN EPIDEMIOLOGI KLINIK
(CENTER FOR HEALTH APPLIED TECHNOLOGY AND CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY)
Jalan Dr. Sumeru No. 63 Bogor 16112
Tel. (0251) 8324583, 8321763; Fax. (0251) 8326348
Website: www.pusat2.litbang.depkes.go.id
E-mail: redaksipgm@yahoo.com
Penel Gizi
Makan
Vol. 37
No.1
Him. 1-85
Bogar,
Juni2014
ISSN:
0125-9717
Terakreditasi (Accredited) No. 434/ AU2/P2MI-LIPI/08/2012
Consumption of carbonated beverages and the risk for. .. (Giriwono PE, dkk)
CONSUMPTION OF CARBONA TED BEVERAGES AND THE RISK FOR GA STR01NTESTPNAt
DISEASE: A SYSTEMA TIC REVIEW
(KONSUMSI MINUMAN BERKARBONASI DAN RISIKO SAKIT ｓ ａｌ ｕｒＢｾｎ＠
ｲ Ｎｊｾ
ｦ｜ｬ ｃｅｒ
ｉ ｜ｬａＯｪＬ｛
Ｚ＠
REVIEW SISTEMATlS)
Puspo Edi Giriwo no 1.2 , Nuri And arwul an 1.2, Rimbawa n 1.3 and Deddy Much1 ad i 1.2
lSoutheast Asian Food and Agricultural Science and Technology (SEAFAST) Center, 130gor Ag ri cul1ural UlliVClsity
2Department of Food Science and Technology, Bogor Ag ricultural Universily
3Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University
e-mail: peg iriwono@ipb.ac. id
Diterim a: 04-02-201 4
Direvisi : 26-05-20 14
Disel ujui: 06· 06· 2014
ABSTRACT
Issues of different effects of carb onated soft drinks to human health have been circulated and analyzed in both
scientific and non-scientific approaches. However, there is few publica tions discussing the specific effect of
ca rbonation on human health and, more often than not. studies have largely conce ntrated on the effe ct of sunDr
or calorie content in ca rbonated beverages in affecting our health. Th us th e effect of carbonation iisO/f on
human health is th en lost in arguments contradicting or reaffirmin g the effect of carbonated soft drinks. 1·'\Ie
conducted this systematic review to specifically observe current fin dings on the effect of carbonation in
beverages on human health. This systematic review was conducted using Scirus sea rch engine to list arlir:les
re/evant with keywords such as C02, carbonated beverage, carbonation, sparkling water, gastroin fesfin al,
!:la stro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Next, arlicles were obtained from numerous databases and sCI"e&ned
for their relevan ce and context. Finally, peer reading and discussion were conducted fo r th e wrifin u of th is
arlie/e. The results of this systematic review observed three major arlie/e subjects currenily correlaied with
exe/usive effect of ca rbonation on gastrointestinal health. Published studies indicate that oral cavity/dental
health, gastro-esophageal reflux and most recently esophageal adenocarcinoma are discussed frequen tly and
observed in population studies in different countries consuming significant quantities of carbonated bevc rages.
Eight arlie/es (40%) discussed dominant factors not corre lated with carbonation which significa ntly affect (fental
erosions. Six (33%) articles obse rved no e/ear clinical significance carbonation promotes or exacerbate Uasfroesophageal reflux. Interestingly, five (27%) artie/es reporled insignificant correlation, even inverserf, of
carbonation on esophageal carcinoma. Currently a vailable scientific studies on population s in multiple countrie s
show that the effect of carbonation in beverages has non-significant (statistically) effect on ihe healfh of th e
gastrointestinal tract.
Keywords: ,Carbonated beverage s, gastrointestinal, GERO, esophageal adenocarcin oma
ABSTRAK
Isu mengenai dampak karbona si pad a minuman ring an te rhadap kesehatan , terutama kcse ha18n sa lur;:m
pencernaan , telah banyak beredar beserta pembahasannya , baik secara ilmiah maupu n tidal< . "':fek kc seha181l
dari unsur karbonasi pad a minuman ringall sangat jarang dibahas dan dipublikasikall pada jurn al il rni ah.
Melakukan systematic review status ilmiah terkini khusus mengenai dampak karbonasi dalam berbagai procJuk
minuman terhadap kesehatall saluran pencernaan. Scirus search engine digunakan untuk melacak aliikel
ilmiah dengan kata kunci khusus , yakni C02, carbonated beverage, carbonation , sparkli ng wate r,
gastrointestinal, gastro-esophageal and adenocarcinoma. Tahap ini dilanjutkan dengan penapisan (screell ill g)
untuk kesesuaian subjek artikel dan akses. Tahap terakhir adalah focus group discussion bersama peer/ahli
dalam bidang gizi, kesehatan dan keamanan pangan. Hasil dari systematic review memperlih atl
consumed , thu s making it probable fol' GEF