Shopping Cart Anti-Theft Security System.
SHOPPING CART ANTI-THEFT SECURITY SYSTEM
NAZRIN BIN OTHMAN
This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For The Bachelor
Degree of Electronic Engineering (Telecommunication)
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
June 2013
UNTVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
FAKTILTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS L.A,PORAN
PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
5H0P?tN
Tajuk Projek
Sesi
2
Pengajian
tn f APT
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9r
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ptI.J
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Saya .....N.t i.rl N...... 9.\11.......9.1
:l.t.iI
(HuRnr BESAR)
mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaandengan syaxatsyarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
l.
2.
3.
Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Telnikal Malaysia Melaka.
Perpustakaan dibenmkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.
Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi
pengajian tinggi.
4.
Silatandakan(
n
tl
a
{ ):
*(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau
kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termakfub di dalam AKTA
RAHSTARASMT 1972)
TERIIAD**
**(Mengaodungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh
organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan diialankan)
TIDAKTIRIIAI}
Ahamed trYecr
lin
Tuani lbrehim
PensYaran
"iiliL'iJi*111;iliil'fi
$ffi 'Ji.'iTiii:1fi
zsro0 di-ria'n TunSgil' Melr":r
r**,
...!2-.1..{.
,**, l?/ e /P
'T
lu
"I hereby, declare this report entitled "shrryping Cart Anti'Theft Ssurity System'is the
result of my own research except as cited in references.
Signature
:
Name
:NaminBinfrhman
Date
,....:Z!..h..1.!?:,
lv
"I hereby
declare that I have read this report and in my opinion this report is
sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor
Eleetronic Engireering (Telecomrmrnication) with honours"
Signature
SupervisorNaure
Date
of
v
Specially dedicated to
My beloved family, lecturers, supervisor and friends who have guided and inspired me
through my journey in education. Also thanks to their support, beliefs and motivation .
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, Praise to Allah S.W.T for HIS blessing and guidance have helped
me in completing my thesis. I would like to thanks to all who have involved either
directly or indirectly in giving me idea and share their opinion. Especially, I would like
to gratitude to my supervisor, Ahamed Fayeez Bin Tuani Ibrahim for his support,
guidance, advice and willingness to help me in completing the final year project.
I want to thank to my family especially my parents Othman Bin Jaafar and Hasiah
Binti Mansor for their love, morale support and prayer along my study. Their fully
support has given me enough strength and inspiration in pursuing my ambition in life as
well as to complete this project.
Syukur Alhamdulillah, I have managed to complete the final year project and
gained valuable knowledge and experience during the time. May Allah S.W.T repay all
their kindness and bless all of us.
vii
ABSTRACT
The objective of this project is to design Shopping Cart Anti-Theft Security
System which is a design that will greatly reduce missing cart problem. The design will
use three main components which are transmitter, receiver and also a pair of solenoid.
This research also will cover on implementation and technique used in measuring
distance of the signal transmitted between transmitter and receiver for activation or
triggering the circuit. Transmitter will send a signal to the receiver, and whenever the
signal from transmitter did not receive by receiver, it will activate trigger circuit which
consists of relay, diode and transistor. Thus, solenoid will be pushed down to lock the
wheel and prevent the cart from being push away from supermarket. Besides that,
systems compartment also have been designed to ensure the circuit and other component
in the system not affected by environmental factor.
viii
ABSTRAK
Cadangan projek ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk Sistem Keselamatan mencegah
Kecurian Troli. Sistem Keselamatan mencegah Kecurian Troli adalah satu sistem yang
akan mengurangkan masalah kecurian troli daripada berlaku. Reka bentuk sistem akan
menggunakan tiga komponen utama iaitu pemancar, penerima dan juga sepasang
solenoid. Kajian ini juga akan meliputi pelaksanaan dan penggunaan teknik dalam
mengukur jarak isyarat yang dihantar daripada pemancar kepada penerima untuk
mengaktifkan litar pencetus. Pemancar akan menghantar isyarat kepada penerima, dan
apabila isyarat dari pemancar tidak di dapat di terima oleh penerima, ia akan
mengaktifkan litar pencetus. Oleh itu, solenoid akan di tolak ke bawah untuk mengunci
roda dan menghalang troli itu daripada ditolak keluar dari pasar raya. Selain itu, sistem
ini juga telah direka untuk memastikan litar dan komponen lain dalam sistem tidak
terjejas oleh faktor persekitaran.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
I
TITLE
PAGES
PROJECT TITLE
i
DECLARATION
iii
APPROVAL
iv
DEDICATION
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
vi
ABSTRACT
vii
ABSTRAK
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
xi
LIST OF TABLES
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
xiii
LIST OF ABBREVATION
xv
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background Project
1
1.2
Objective Project
2
1.3
Problem Statement
3
1.4
Scope of Project
5
1.5
Project Methodology
6
1.5.1
7
1.6
Flow Chart Methodology
Report Structure
10
x
II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Chapter Overview
12
2.2
Previous Project
13
2.2.1
13
Shopping Cart Theft Prevention System
by Anthony M. DiPaolo and John T. Hood
2.2.2
Anti-Theft Vehicle System by Jeffrey J. Lace
14
2.2.3
Shopping Cart Anti-Theft System by Larry
16
W. Goldstein
2.2.4
Cart Anti-theft Protection System (CAPS)
17
by Nolan Blender
2.2.2
2.3
2.4
III
Comparison between all systems
18
Research and Hardware Theory
19
2.3.1
Transmitter (433MHz)
19
2.3.2
Receiver (433MHz)
22
2.3.3
Solenoid
25
2.3.4
Voltage Regulator
27
2.3.5
Power Supply Circuit
27
Research and Software Theory
28
2.4.1
28
Proteus Professional Design
METHODOLOGY
3.1
Introduction
30
3.2
Project Implementation
30
3.2.1
Flow Chart Part 1
31
3.2.2
Flow Chart Part 2
33
3.2.3
Block diagram of project
34
xi
IV
Novelty and Inventiveness
35
3.2.5
Expected Result
36
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Software Development
38
4.2
Circuit development in Proteus 7
38
4.3
Transmitter Design
42
4.3.1
Decode IC
42
4.3.2
Transmitter Connection
43
4.4
Receiver Design
45
4.5
Solenoid
47
4.5.1
47
4.6
V
3.2.4
How it work
Troubleshooting
49
4.6.1
Antenna Length
49
4.6.2
Common Ground
50
4.6.3
Power Supply
50
4.6.4
Protocol
51
4.6.5
Testing and range test
52
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1
Conclusion
53
5.2
Suggestion
54
REFERENCES
55-56
APPENDIX
57-59
xii
LIST OF TABLES
NO.
TITLE
PAGE
Comparison between all
2.1
previous systems
18
Specification of transmitter
2.2
433MHz
21
Pin connection and definition
2.3
for transmitter 433MHz
22
Specification of receiver
2.4
433MHz
24
Pin connection and definition
2.5
for receiver 433MHz
25
List of component and its
2.6
function for power supply
28
circuit
4.1
Pin description of SC2262
42
4.2
Pin description of receiver
45
4.3
Type of data transmitted
51
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
NO.
TITLE
PAGE
1.1
Missing trolley that used by people for
different propose
3
1.2
Example of cart that unable to be
gather back by workers
4
1.3
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Mydin Mall Melaka
4
1.4
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Jusco Melaka
5
1.5
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Giant Cheng Melaka
5
1.3
Flowchart of project
9
2.1
Propose system by Anthony M.
DiPaolo and John T. Hood
13
2.2
Wheel design for the system
14
2.3
Wheel assemble for the system design
14
2.4
Bottom view of the design system
15
2.5
Top view of the design system
16
2.6
Transmitter 433MHz
19
2.7
Receiver 433MHz
23
2.8
Rotary solenoid for the design
prototype
26
xiv
2.9
IC LM7805
27
2.10
Power supply circuit
28
2.11
Proteus Professional software
28
3.1
Flowchart for Part 1
31
3.2
Flow chart for Part 2
33
3.3
Block diagram of project
34
3.4
Comparison between conventional
system and purpose system
35
3.5
Block diagram of the expected result
36
4.1
Receiver circuit
38
4.2
Trigger circuit
38
4.3
Power supply circuit
39
4.4
PCB layout for receiver circuit
39
4.5
Decode IC for transmitter
40
4.6
Schematic diagram for transmitter
41
4.7
Pin specification of SC2262
41
4.8
Connection between switch and
transmitter
43
4.9
Transmitter in off state
43
4.10
Transmitter in on state
44
4.11
Receiver description
45
4.12
Connection between receiver and
trigger circuit
46
4.13
Solenoid lock the wheel
47
4.14
Solenoid unlocks the wheel
48
4.15
single core wire antenna
49
4.16
12V battery for receiver circuit
50
4.17
6V battery for transmitter circuit
50
xv
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
IC
-
Integrated Circuit
PCB
-
Printed Circuit Board
CAPS
-
Cart Anti-theft Protection System
TX
-
Transmitter
TV
-
Television
AM
-
Amplitude Modulation
FM
-
Frequency Modulation
RF
-
Radio Frequency
IC
-
Integrated Circuit
OOK
-
On Off Keying
ASK
-
Amplitude Shift Keying
CMOS
-
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
IR
-
Infrared
GND
-
Ground
FCC
-
Federal Communications Commission
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter will explain on the project background, objective of project,
problem statement, scope of project, methodology and report structure.
1.1
Background Project
Shopping cart is a cart supplied by retail, shop or supermarket for customer use
to carry their goods or merchandise around the supermarket up to the payment counter.
Customer also used the shopping cart to carry their purchased goods to the car at the
parking lot.
In many places around the world, customers are allowed to push their cart to the
parking lot to carry their goods and need to return the cart back to the storage area.
Sometimes, in order to make the customer return the cart back to the storage area, coin
or token are used as locking mechanism. The customer will only get their token or coin
back after they return the cart back to the storage area.
Nowadays, there are many type of shopping cart used. Most of them are made of
metal or combination between plastic and metal. These carts come with many sizes,
2
large cart to carry heavy goods or specialized carts design to carry a child in it. Customer
also can use shopping basket if the goods they carry are in small and light size.
Shopping cart usually fitted with four wheels, but if one wheel is jammed, the
cart will be difficult to move and handle. Thus, it had been designed that front wheel of
the cart using swivel wheels, while the back wheels are fixed orientation. Sometimes, all
the carts wheels are using swivel wheels.
According to a research by Supermarket Institute, a shopping cart is stolen every
90 seconds in United States. About 1.8 million shopping carts were missing from
supermarket last year and $175 million used to replace the missing cart, according to the
Washington-based Food Marketing Institute [5]. An additional $117 million used by the
owner to hire extra workers to retrieve the missing cart [6].
1.2
Objectives Project
A simple security system that used coins or token had been developed to prevent
the cart being placed outside supermarket area, but the system is proven not quite
effective to prevent the missing cart problem.
Hence this project would like to enhance the simple security system by using
transmitter, receiver and also solenoid. The project is known as Shopping Cart AntiTheft Security System and the objectives of the project are:
i.
To study the system that already in use or were used to overcome missing
trolley problem.
ii.
To improve and develop a system that can overcome missing trolley
problem.
iii.
To study the system that already exists.
3
1.3
Problem Statement
Nowadays, we can see many cart were placed outside the premise or supermarket
area. Sometimes, the workers are unable to gather the entire cart back. When the carts
are abandoned far away from the premise area the owner also needs to hire extra
workers to gather the cart, thus will increase the operating cost of the company. But,
what if the workers are unable to get the cart back? The cart will be considered as
missing.
The owner needs to buy a new cart in order to replace the missing one. A new
cart nowadays is about RM1000 to RM1500 each respectively depending on material
used so that the cart is able to withstand heavy usage from the customer. Thus it will
increase the operating cost of the respective company.
Although some shopping
complex nowadays used token or coin to make the customer return the cart back, this
method is proven not effective enough to solve the problems as from day to day, missing
cart still being reporting around the world.
Therefore, taking action to reduce the missing cart problem from happening is
most vital. In this case, prevention is a key to stop the missing cart problem. Thus,
shopping cart anti-theft security system had been develop based on the observation and
survey that has been done. Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2 shows cart reported stolen or
missing and being used for different proposed. A survey had been done in order to
determine the number of missing cart in Mydin Mitc Melaka, Jusco Melaka and Giant
Cheng. The result of the survey shows in Figure 1.3, Figure 1.4 and Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.1: Example of cart that unable to be gather back by workers
4
Figure 1.2: Cart reported stolen or missing being used for different proposed
Number of Missing Cart at Mydin Mitc
Melaka
12
10
8
No of Missing
Trolley
6
4
2
0
Figure 1.3: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Mydin Mall Melaka
5
Number of Missing Trolley at Jusco Melaka
12
10
8
No of Missing
Trolley
6
4
2
0
Figure 1.4: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Jusco Melaka
Number of Missing Trolley at Giant Cheng
Melaka
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
No of Missing
Trolley
Figure 1.5: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Giant Cheng Melaka
6
1.4
Scope of Project
In order to achieve the objective of this project, the work scope had been divided
into three parts which are software, hardware and area covered. Before fabricate the
circuit, the circuit that had been designed will be simulated using the suitable software.
In this project, Proteus 7 Professional software had been used to simulate the circuit
designed. Proteus 7 professional is a smart software tool which can be used extensively
in a hardware design.
In hardware part, the circuit that has been designed will be fabricated. The circuit
contains transmitter, receiver, solenoid and other components. The transmitter and
receiver will be chosen based on the maximum distance it can be communicate with
each other
For the area covered, an experiment will be conducted to determine the
maximum radius which transmitter and receiver can communicate. The transmitter will
be put at the center, thus the receiver can communicate with it.
1.5
Project Methodology
This project focuses more on case study and the project development based on
interaction between transmitter and receiver. When there is no connection between
transmitter and receiver, the solenoid will be push downed to lock the wheel. When the
wheel is locked, the carts will be unable to move, thus preventing it from being pushed
away from the premise or supermarket.
The project methodology shows the step by step taken in order to complete the
project. The methodology includes the planning, the development of the design and the
management of the project. The flowchart of project is shows on Figure 1.3.
7
1.5.1
Flowchart Methodology
Start
Search for the suitable transmitter
and receiver
Study the concept of locking
mechanism
Listing all suitable circuit to be
used
Discuss with
supervisor
Satisfy
X
Not
8
X
Design & simulate using
Proteus
Run the
circuit
No
Success
Yes
Etching the PCB
Soldering the
component
X
9
X
Combine software
and hardware
Run the
circuit
No
Solenoid
function
Yes
Wheel Lock
No
System
works
Yes
Cart unable to move
away from shopping
complex
End
Figure 1.7: Flowchart of project.
NAZRIN BIN OTHMAN
This Report Is Submitted In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For The Bachelor
Degree of Electronic Engineering (Telecommunication)
Fakulti Kejuruteraan Elektronik dan Kejuruteraan Komputer
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
June 2013
UNTVERSTI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
FAKTILTI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRONIK DAN KEJURUTERAAN KOMPUTER
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS L.A,PORAN
PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
5H0P?tN
Tajuk Projek
Sesi
2
Pengajian
tn f APT
I
.. Llll:.].t1.[.f.t.
9r
c
II
u
ptI.J
:
y:rqs
3
Saya .....N.t i.rl N...... 9.\11.......9.1
:l.t.iI
(HuRnr BESAR)
mengaku membenarkan Laporan Projek Sarjana Muda ini disimpan di Perpustakaandengan syaxatsyarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
l.
2.
3.
Laporan adalah hakmilik Universiti Telnikal Malaysia Melaka.
Perpustakaan dibenmkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja.
Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan ini sebagai bahan pertukaran antara institusi
pengajian tinggi.
4.
Silatandakan(
n
tl
a
{ ):
*(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan atau
kepentingan Malaysia seperti yang termakfub di dalam AKTA
RAHSTARASMT 1972)
TERIIAD**
**(Mengaodungi maklumat terhad yang telah ditentukan oleh
organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan diialankan)
TIDAKTIRIIAI}
Ahamed trYecr
lin
Tuani lbrehim
PensYaran
"iiliL'iJi*111;iliil'fi
$ffi 'Ji.'iTiii:1fi
zsro0 di-ria'n TunSgil' Melr":r
r**,
...!2-.1..{.
,**, l?/ e /P
'T
lu
"I hereby, declare this report entitled "shrryping Cart Anti'Theft Ssurity System'is the
result of my own research except as cited in references.
Signature
:
Name
:NaminBinfrhman
Date
,....:Z!..h..1.!?:,
lv
"I hereby
declare that I have read this report and in my opinion this report is
sufficient in terms of the scope and quality for the award of Bachelor
Eleetronic Engireering (Telecomrmrnication) with honours"
Signature
SupervisorNaure
Date
of
v
Specially dedicated to
My beloved family, lecturers, supervisor and friends who have guided and inspired me
through my journey in education. Also thanks to their support, beliefs and motivation .
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillah, Praise to Allah S.W.T for HIS blessing and guidance have helped
me in completing my thesis. I would like to thanks to all who have involved either
directly or indirectly in giving me idea and share their opinion. Especially, I would like
to gratitude to my supervisor, Ahamed Fayeez Bin Tuani Ibrahim for his support,
guidance, advice and willingness to help me in completing the final year project.
I want to thank to my family especially my parents Othman Bin Jaafar and Hasiah
Binti Mansor for their love, morale support and prayer along my study. Their fully
support has given me enough strength and inspiration in pursuing my ambition in life as
well as to complete this project.
Syukur Alhamdulillah, I have managed to complete the final year project and
gained valuable knowledge and experience during the time. May Allah S.W.T repay all
their kindness and bless all of us.
vii
ABSTRACT
The objective of this project is to design Shopping Cart Anti-Theft Security
System which is a design that will greatly reduce missing cart problem. The design will
use three main components which are transmitter, receiver and also a pair of solenoid.
This research also will cover on implementation and technique used in measuring
distance of the signal transmitted between transmitter and receiver for activation or
triggering the circuit. Transmitter will send a signal to the receiver, and whenever the
signal from transmitter did not receive by receiver, it will activate trigger circuit which
consists of relay, diode and transistor. Thus, solenoid will be pushed down to lock the
wheel and prevent the cart from being push away from supermarket. Besides that,
systems compartment also have been designed to ensure the circuit and other component
in the system not affected by environmental factor.
viii
ABSTRAK
Cadangan projek ini adalah untuk mereka bentuk Sistem Keselamatan mencegah
Kecurian Troli. Sistem Keselamatan mencegah Kecurian Troli adalah satu sistem yang
akan mengurangkan masalah kecurian troli daripada berlaku. Reka bentuk sistem akan
menggunakan tiga komponen utama iaitu pemancar, penerima dan juga sepasang
solenoid. Kajian ini juga akan meliputi pelaksanaan dan penggunaan teknik dalam
mengukur jarak isyarat yang dihantar daripada pemancar kepada penerima untuk
mengaktifkan litar pencetus. Pemancar akan menghantar isyarat kepada penerima, dan
apabila isyarat dari pemancar tidak di dapat di terima oleh penerima, ia akan
mengaktifkan litar pencetus. Oleh itu, solenoid akan di tolak ke bawah untuk mengunci
roda dan menghalang troli itu daripada ditolak keluar dari pasar raya. Selain itu, sistem
ini juga telah direka untuk memastikan litar dan komponen lain dalam sistem tidak
terjejas oleh faktor persekitaran.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
I
TITLE
PAGES
PROJECT TITLE
i
DECLARATION
iii
APPROVAL
iv
DEDICATION
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
vi
ABSTRACT
vii
ABSTRAK
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
xi
LIST OF TABLES
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
xiii
LIST OF ABBREVATION
xv
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background Project
1
1.2
Objective Project
2
1.3
Problem Statement
3
1.4
Scope of Project
5
1.5
Project Methodology
6
1.5.1
7
1.6
Flow Chart Methodology
Report Structure
10
x
II
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1
Chapter Overview
12
2.2
Previous Project
13
2.2.1
13
Shopping Cart Theft Prevention System
by Anthony M. DiPaolo and John T. Hood
2.2.2
Anti-Theft Vehicle System by Jeffrey J. Lace
14
2.2.3
Shopping Cart Anti-Theft System by Larry
16
W. Goldstein
2.2.4
Cart Anti-theft Protection System (CAPS)
17
by Nolan Blender
2.2.2
2.3
2.4
III
Comparison between all systems
18
Research and Hardware Theory
19
2.3.1
Transmitter (433MHz)
19
2.3.2
Receiver (433MHz)
22
2.3.3
Solenoid
25
2.3.4
Voltage Regulator
27
2.3.5
Power Supply Circuit
27
Research and Software Theory
28
2.4.1
28
Proteus Professional Design
METHODOLOGY
3.1
Introduction
30
3.2
Project Implementation
30
3.2.1
Flow Chart Part 1
31
3.2.2
Flow Chart Part 2
33
3.2.3
Block diagram of project
34
xi
IV
Novelty and Inventiveness
35
3.2.5
Expected Result
36
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1
Software Development
38
4.2
Circuit development in Proteus 7
38
4.3
Transmitter Design
42
4.3.1
Decode IC
42
4.3.2
Transmitter Connection
43
4.4
Receiver Design
45
4.5
Solenoid
47
4.5.1
47
4.6
V
3.2.4
How it work
Troubleshooting
49
4.6.1
Antenna Length
49
4.6.2
Common Ground
50
4.6.3
Power Supply
50
4.6.4
Protocol
51
4.6.5
Testing and range test
52
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1
Conclusion
53
5.2
Suggestion
54
REFERENCES
55-56
APPENDIX
57-59
xii
LIST OF TABLES
NO.
TITLE
PAGE
Comparison between all
2.1
previous systems
18
Specification of transmitter
2.2
433MHz
21
Pin connection and definition
2.3
for transmitter 433MHz
22
Specification of receiver
2.4
433MHz
24
Pin connection and definition
2.5
for receiver 433MHz
25
List of component and its
2.6
function for power supply
28
circuit
4.1
Pin description of SC2262
42
4.2
Pin description of receiver
45
4.3
Type of data transmitted
51
xiii
LIST OF FIGURES
NO.
TITLE
PAGE
1.1
Missing trolley that used by people for
different propose
3
1.2
Example of cart that unable to be
gather back by workers
4
1.3
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Mydin Mall Melaka
4
1.4
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Jusco Melaka
5
1.5
Graph shows number of missing cart
in a year at Giant Cheng Melaka
5
1.3
Flowchart of project
9
2.1
Propose system by Anthony M.
DiPaolo and John T. Hood
13
2.2
Wheel design for the system
14
2.3
Wheel assemble for the system design
14
2.4
Bottom view of the design system
15
2.5
Top view of the design system
16
2.6
Transmitter 433MHz
19
2.7
Receiver 433MHz
23
2.8
Rotary solenoid for the design
prototype
26
xiv
2.9
IC LM7805
27
2.10
Power supply circuit
28
2.11
Proteus Professional software
28
3.1
Flowchart for Part 1
31
3.2
Flow chart for Part 2
33
3.3
Block diagram of project
34
3.4
Comparison between conventional
system and purpose system
35
3.5
Block diagram of the expected result
36
4.1
Receiver circuit
38
4.2
Trigger circuit
38
4.3
Power supply circuit
39
4.4
PCB layout for receiver circuit
39
4.5
Decode IC for transmitter
40
4.6
Schematic diagram for transmitter
41
4.7
Pin specification of SC2262
41
4.8
Connection between switch and
transmitter
43
4.9
Transmitter in off state
43
4.10
Transmitter in on state
44
4.11
Receiver description
45
4.12
Connection between receiver and
trigger circuit
46
4.13
Solenoid lock the wheel
47
4.14
Solenoid unlocks the wheel
48
4.15
single core wire antenna
49
4.16
12V battery for receiver circuit
50
4.17
6V battery for transmitter circuit
50
xv
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
IC
-
Integrated Circuit
PCB
-
Printed Circuit Board
CAPS
-
Cart Anti-theft Protection System
TX
-
Transmitter
TV
-
Television
AM
-
Amplitude Modulation
FM
-
Frequency Modulation
RF
-
Radio Frequency
IC
-
Integrated Circuit
OOK
-
On Off Keying
ASK
-
Amplitude Shift Keying
CMOS
-
Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
IR
-
Infrared
GND
-
Ground
FCC
-
Federal Communications Commission
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
This chapter will explain on the project background, objective of project,
problem statement, scope of project, methodology and report structure.
1.1
Background Project
Shopping cart is a cart supplied by retail, shop or supermarket for customer use
to carry their goods or merchandise around the supermarket up to the payment counter.
Customer also used the shopping cart to carry their purchased goods to the car at the
parking lot.
In many places around the world, customers are allowed to push their cart to the
parking lot to carry their goods and need to return the cart back to the storage area.
Sometimes, in order to make the customer return the cart back to the storage area, coin
or token are used as locking mechanism. The customer will only get their token or coin
back after they return the cart back to the storage area.
Nowadays, there are many type of shopping cart used. Most of them are made of
metal or combination between plastic and metal. These carts come with many sizes,
2
large cart to carry heavy goods or specialized carts design to carry a child in it. Customer
also can use shopping basket if the goods they carry are in small and light size.
Shopping cart usually fitted with four wheels, but if one wheel is jammed, the
cart will be difficult to move and handle. Thus, it had been designed that front wheel of
the cart using swivel wheels, while the back wheels are fixed orientation. Sometimes, all
the carts wheels are using swivel wheels.
According to a research by Supermarket Institute, a shopping cart is stolen every
90 seconds in United States. About 1.8 million shopping carts were missing from
supermarket last year and $175 million used to replace the missing cart, according to the
Washington-based Food Marketing Institute [5]. An additional $117 million used by the
owner to hire extra workers to retrieve the missing cart [6].
1.2
Objectives Project
A simple security system that used coins or token had been developed to prevent
the cart being placed outside supermarket area, but the system is proven not quite
effective to prevent the missing cart problem.
Hence this project would like to enhance the simple security system by using
transmitter, receiver and also solenoid. The project is known as Shopping Cart AntiTheft Security System and the objectives of the project are:
i.
To study the system that already in use or were used to overcome missing
trolley problem.
ii.
To improve and develop a system that can overcome missing trolley
problem.
iii.
To study the system that already exists.
3
1.3
Problem Statement
Nowadays, we can see many cart were placed outside the premise or supermarket
area. Sometimes, the workers are unable to gather the entire cart back. When the carts
are abandoned far away from the premise area the owner also needs to hire extra
workers to gather the cart, thus will increase the operating cost of the company. But,
what if the workers are unable to get the cart back? The cart will be considered as
missing.
The owner needs to buy a new cart in order to replace the missing one. A new
cart nowadays is about RM1000 to RM1500 each respectively depending on material
used so that the cart is able to withstand heavy usage from the customer. Thus it will
increase the operating cost of the respective company.
Although some shopping
complex nowadays used token or coin to make the customer return the cart back, this
method is proven not effective enough to solve the problems as from day to day, missing
cart still being reporting around the world.
Therefore, taking action to reduce the missing cart problem from happening is
most vital. In this case, prevention is a key to stop the missing cart problem. Thus,
shopping cart anti-theft security system had been develop based on the observation and
survey that has been done. Figure 1.1 and Figure 1.2 shows cart reported stolen or
missing and being used for different proposed. A survey had been done in order to
determine the number of missing cart in Mydin Mitc Melaka, Jusco Melaka and Giant
Cheng. The result of the survey shows in Figure 1.3, Figure 1.4 and Figure 1.5.
Figure 1.1: Example of cart that unable to be gather back by workers
4
Figure 1.2: Cart reported stolen or missing being used for different proposed
Number of Missing Cart at Mydin Mitc
Melaka
12
10
8
No of Missing
Trolley
6
4
2
0
Figure 1.3: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Mydin Mall Melaka
5
Number of Missing Trolley at Jusco Melaka
12
10
8
No of Missing
Trolley
6
4
2
0
Figure 1.4: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Jusco Melaka
Number of Missing Trolley at Giant Cheng
Melaka
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
No of Missing
Trolley
Figure 1.5: Graph shows number of missing cart in a year at Giant Cheng Melaka
6
1.4
Scope of Project
In order to achieve the objective of this project, the work scope had been divided
into three parts which are software, hardware and area covered. Before fabricate the
circuit, the circuit that had been designed will be simulated using the suitable software.
In this project, Proteus 7 Professional software had been used to simulate the circuit
designed. Proteus 7 professional is a smart software tool which can be used extensively
in a hardware design.
In hardware part, the circuit that has been designed will be fabricated. The circuit
contains transmitter, receiver, solenoid and other components. The transmitter and
receiver will be chosen based on the maximum distance it can be communicate with
each other
For the area covered, an experiment will be conducted to determine the
maximum radius which transmitter and receiver can communicate. The transmitter will
be put at the center, thus the receiver can communicate with it.
1.5
Project Methodology
This project focuses more on case study and the project development based on
interaction between transmitter and receiver. When there is no connection between
transmitter and receiver, the solenoid will be push downed to lock the wheel. When the
wheel is locked, the carts will be unable to move, thus preventing it from being pushed
away from the premise or supermarket.
The project methodology shows the step by step taken in order to complete the
project. The methodology includes the planning, the development of the design and the
management of the project. The flowchart of project is shows on Figure 1.3.
7
1.5.1
Flowchart Methodology
Start
Search for the suitable transmitter
and receiver
Study the concept of locking
mechanism
Listing all suitable circuit to be
used
Discuss with
supervisor
Satisfy
X
Not
8
X
Design & simulate using
Proteus
Run the
circuit
No
Success
Yes
Etching the PCB
Soldering the
component
X
9
X
Combine software
and hardware
Run the
circuit
No
Solenoid
function
Yes
Wheel Lock
No
System
works
Yes
Cart unable to move
away from shopping
complex
End
Figure 1.7: Flowchart of project.