DAFTAR PUSTAKA Perbedaan Kadar Kolesterol Total Antara Penderita Stroke Iskemik dan Stroke Hemoragik di RSUD Dr. Moewardi.
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Alkali N.H., Bwala S.A., Akano A.O., Ogbu O.S., Alabi P., Ayeni O.A. 2010.
Stroke Risk Factors, Subtypes, and 30-day Case Fatality in Abuja, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 54(2): 129–135.
American
Heart
Association,
2014.
Atherosclerosis
and
Stroke.
http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/LifeAfterStroke/HealthyLi
ving AfterStroke/UnderstandingRisky Conditions/Atherosclerosis-andStroke_UCM_310426_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014).
American
Heart
Association,
2014.
Atherosclerosis.
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/WhyCholesterol
Matters/Atherosclerosis_UCM_305564_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014)
American Heart Association, 2015. Heavy Drinking in Middle-Age May Increase
Stroke
Risk
More
Than
Traditional
Factors.
http://newsroom.heart.org/news/heavy-drinking-in-middle-age-mayincrease-stroke-risk-more-than-traditional-factors (13 Maret 2015)
Arntz R., Jacobs L.R., Maaijwee N., Schoonderwaldt N., Dorresteijn L., van;Dijk
E., 2013. Post-Stroke Epilepsy in Young Adults. Plos ONE. 8(2):1-8
Abdul-Rahim A.H., Perez A.C., Fulton R.L., Jhund P.S., Latini R., Tognoni G.,
Wikstrand J., 2015. Risk of Stroke in Chronic Heart Failure Patients
withoutn Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the CORONA and GISSI-HF
Trials. AHA. 11:1-9
Aguilar M.I., Brott T.G., 2011. Update in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Sage. 1(3):
148-59
Appelors P., Stegmayr P., Terent A. 2009. Sex Differences in Stroke
Epidemiology. AHA. 40:1082-90
Balitbang Kemenkes RI. 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS. Jakarta:
Balitbang Kemenkes RI
Baluch U.T., Kiani I., Nisa Z.U., Badshah M., 2008. Association of Dyslipidemia
and Ischemic Stroke. Ann Pak Inst Med Sci. 4(3):165-7
Bartoli F., Lillia N., Lax A., Crocamo C., Mantero V., Carra G., Agostoni E.,
Clerici M., 2013. Depression after Stroke and Risk of Mortality: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke Research and Treatment.
2013:1-11]
Bembenek J., Karlinski M., Kobayashi A., Czlonkowska A. 2011. Early Strokerelated Deep Venous Thrombosis: Risk Factors and Influence on Outcome.
J.Thromb.Thrombolysis. 32:96-102
44
45
Bhatti A.B., Ali F., Satti S.A. 2013. Association of Obesity with Stroke.
IJBR.4(8): 421-6
Biffi A., Greenberg S.M. 2011. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Systematic
Review. J Clin Neurol. 7: 1-9
Bruhin M.K., Kolonko B., Ayse, Annoni J.M., Hunziker E. 2013. Aphasia
Following a Stroke: Recovery and Recommendations for Rehabilitation.
Sanp.ch. 164(8):292-8
Caceres J.A., Goldstein J.N., 2012. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Emerg Med Clin
North Am. 30(3): 771–94
Chaudhury S.R., Ghosh S., Kar D., 2014. Comparative Lipid Profile Study
Between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 6(11):
20-7
Chen L.F., Chang C.Y., Hsu L.C., Tsai P.H., Chang S.J., Chang S.C., Yuan M.K.,
lai Y.C., Liu Y.C., Wang W.S., 2013. Bacterial Pneumonia Following Acute
Ischemic Stroke. JCMA. 76:78-2
Christanto R., Mahama C.N., Tumboimbela M. 2012. Profil Faktor-faktor Risiko
Pada Pasien Stroke Yang Dirawat Inap di Irina F Neurologi RSUP
Prof.Dr.R.D. Kandou Manado. eCl. 2(3): 1-4
Chrostek L., Supronowicz L., Panasiuk A., Cylwik B., Gruszewska E., Flisiak R.
2014. The Effect of the Severity of Liver Cirrhosis on the Level of Lipids
and Lipoprotein. Clin Exp Med. 14: 417-21
Cynthia A., Yogeesha K.S., Arunachalam R., 2014. Dyslipidemia in Stroke.
IOSR-JDMS. 13(6):45-9
Dahlan S. 2011. Statistik Untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba
Medika
Davis S.M., Donnan G.A., 2012. Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke.
N.Engl.J.Med. 366:1914-22.
di’Legge S., Koch G., Diomedi M., Stanzione P., Sallustio F., 2012. Stroke
Prevention:ManagingModifiable Risk Factors. Stroke Research and
Treatment. 2012:1-1
Dey S.K., Ahmed S., Rahman K.M., Uddin M.J., Alam M.R., Bhattacharjee M.,
Mondal G., Israil.2010. Lipid Profile among Ischemic and Haemorrhagic
Stroke Patients. Mymensingh Med J. 19(2):176-80
Doehner W., Schenkel J., Anker S.D., Springer J., Audebert H.J. 2012.
Overweight and Obesity are Associated with Improved Survival, Functional
46
Outcome, and Stroke Recurrence after Acute Stroke or Transient Ischaemic
Attack: Observations from the TEMPiS Trial. Eurheartj. 340:1-10
Fan A.Z., ham S.A., Muppidi S.R., Mokdad A.H. 2009. Validation of Reported
Physical Activity for Cholesterol Control Using Two Different Physical
Activity Instruments. Dovepress. 5:649-61
Faraji F., Ghasami K., Talaie-zanjani A., Mohammadbeigi A. 2013. Prognostic
Factors in Acute Stroke, Regarding to Stroke Severity. Asian J Neurosurg.
8(2): 78-82
Feigin V.L., Krishnamurthi R., 2011. Stroke Prevention in the Developing World.
AHA. 42:3655-58
Felix-Redondo F.J., Grau M., Fernandez-Berges D. 2013. Cholesterol and
Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly. Aging Dis. 4(3):154-69
Gezmu T., Schneider D., Demissie K., Lin Y., Gizzi M.S. 2014. Risk factors for
Acute Stroke Among South Asians Compared to Other Racial/Ethhnic
Groups. PLoS ONE. 9(9): 1-8
Goldszmidt A.J., Caplan L.R., 2013. Stroke Esensial. Jakarta: Indeks
Gofir A., 2009. Manajemen Stroke. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Cendekia Press
Graham N.S.N., Crichton S., Koutroumanidis M., Wolfe C.D.A., Rudd A.G.,
2013. Incidence and Associations of Poststroke Epilepsy. AHA. 44:605-11
Grube M.M., Koennecke H.C., Walter G., Meisel A., Sobesky J., 2013 Influence
of Acute Complications on Outcome 3 Months after Ischemic Stroke. PLoS
ONE. 8(9): 1-8
Gunnal S.A., Farooqui m.S., Wabale R.N., 2013. Anatomical Variations of the
Circulus Arteriosus in Cadaveric Human Brains. Neurology Research
International. 2014:1-16
Guo Y., Li P., Guo Q., Shang K., Yan D., Du S., Lu Y., 2013. Pathophysiology
and Biomarkers in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Trop J Pharm Res. 12(6):1097105
Haiping Z., Zhiping H., Wei L., 2014. Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Chin
Med J. 127 (13): 2531-6
Harsono. 2009. Kapita Selekta Neurologi, Edisi Kedua. Yogyakarta: Gadjah
Mada University Press, pp.81-102
Irdelia R.R., Joko A.T., Bebasari E., 2014. Profil Faktor Risiko yang dapat
Dimodifikasi Pada Kasus Stroke Berulang di RSUD Arifin Achmad
Provinsi Riau. Jom.FK. 1:1-15
47
Iqbal M., Frida M., Yaswir., 2014. Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Gula Darah pada
Luaran Stroke Iskemik Berdasarkan Indeks Barthel. Jurnal Kesehatan
Andalas. 3(3):437-41
Jaffer A.M., Sultan K.M., Al-Mahdawi A., 2012. Stroke Related Pneumonia
Incidence and Possible Risk Factor. IPMJ. 11(3):376-81
Jiang B., Fang X.H., Liu Y.H., Dai X.Y., Lin Z.G., Su F.Z., Yang Q.D., Wang
W.Z., Wu S.P., Li S.C. 2010. Prospective Study on Associations between
Levels of Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride and Risk of Ischemic and
Hemorrhagic Strokes. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 38(3):268-71.
Khairunnisa N., Fitriyani., 2014. Hemiparese Sinistra, Parese Nervus VII, IX, X,
XII e.c Stroke Non-Hemorrhagic. Medula Unila. 2(3):52-9
Khan M.N., Khan H.D., Ahmad M., Umar M., 2014. Serum Total and HDLCholesterol in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Ann.Pak.Inst.Med.
Sci.10(1): 22-6
Khon J.C., Lampi M.C., Reinhart-King C.A. 2015. Age-Related Vascular
Stiffening : Causes and Consequences. Front Genet. 6(12): 1-17
Kinlay S., 2011. Changes in Stroke Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment.
Circulation.124: 494-6
Koelhoffer E.C., McCullough L.D. 2013. The Effect of Estrogen in Ischemic
Stroke. Transl Stroke Res. 4(4): 390-401
Kumar S., Selim M.H., Caplan L.R., 2010. Medical Complication after Stroke.
http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS14744422%2809%2970
266-2.pdf
Kumar V., Cotran R., Robbins S. 2007. Buku Ajar Patologi. Jakarta: EGC
Kirtania K., Sultana A., Hossain M.Z., Ahmed S., Khatun A., 2011. Assoxiation
of Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking With Ischaemic Stroke. J Dhaka Med
Coll. 20(1) : 12-14.
Kristiyawati S.P., Irawaty D., Hariyaty R.T.S. 2009. Faktor Risiko yang
Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stroke di RS Panti Wilasa Citarum
Semarang. JIKK. 1(1):1-7
Lee J.G., Koh S.J., Yoo S.Y., Yu J.R., Lee S.A., Koh G., Lee D., 2012.
Characteristics of Subjects with Very Low Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol
and
the
Risk
for
Intracerebral
Hemorrhage.
Korean.J.Intern.Med. 27:317-26
Lemarroy C.R.C., Yruegas B.E.I., Rivera F.G., 2014. Gastrointestinal
Complications after Ischemic Stroke.J Neurol Sci. 346:20-5
48
Lemonick D.M., 2010. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: State of the Art(ery). AJCM.
7(2):62-73
Lisabeth L., Bushnell C.B. 2013. Menopause and Stroke: An Epidemiologic
Review. Lancet Neurol. 11(1): 82-91
Listiyana A.D., Mardiana., prameswari G.N. 2013. Obesitas Sentral dan Kadar
Kolesterol Darah Total. Kemas. 9(1): 37-43
Llorca G.E., Guerra L.C., Moreno M.C.F., Doblado S.R., Hernandez M.D.J. 2015.
Post-Stroke Depression: an update. Neurologia. 30(1):23-1
Loubinoux I., Kronenberg G., Endres M., Bard P.S., Freret T., Filipkowski R.K.,
Kaczmarek L., Wagner A.P.2012 Post-Stroke Depression: Mechanism,
Translation and Therapy. J.Cell.Mol.Med. 16(9):1961-9
Macdonald R.L. 2014. Delayed Neurological Deterioration after Subarachnoid
Haemorrhage. Nature Reviews Neurology. 10: 44-58
Machfoed M.H., Hamdan M., Machin A., Wardah R.I., 2011. Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Saraf. Surabaya: Pusat Penerbitan dan Percetakan UNAIR. pp.91108
Magistris F., Bazak S., Martin J., 2013. Intracerebral Hemorrhage:
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. MUMJ. 10(1):15-22
Mahmood A., Sharif M.A., Khan M.N., Ali U.Z., 2010. Comparison of Serum
Lipid Profile in Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic Stroke. JCPSP. 20(5):317-20.
Malik M.A., Mewo Y.M., Kaligis S.H.M. 2013. Gambaran Kadar Kolesterol
Total Darah Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2011 Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sam Ratulangi Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh 18,55-22,9 kg/m2.
eBM. 1(2): 1008-13
Markam S. 2009. Penuntun Neurologi. Tangerang: Binarupa Aksara. Pp: 140-145
Marwat M.A., Usman M., Hussain M. 2009. Stroke and Its Relationship to Risk
Factors. GCMS. 7(1): 17-21
Masterjohn C. 2009. Cholesterol and Stroke. http://www.westonaprice.org/healthtopics/cholesterol-and-stroke/ (14 Desember 2015)
Mintalangi M.E. 2013. Perbandingan Kadar Kolesterol Total Pada Masyarakat
Semi Kota dan Desa di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Fakultas Kesehatan
Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi. PhD Thesis
Misbach J., 2011. Stroke: Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen. Jakarta:
Balai Penerbit FKUI
49
Mousawi Z.N., Al-Tameemi K.M., Haji G.F. 2012. Predictors of Outcome for
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Iraqi Stroke Patients. IPMJ.
11(4): 503-9
Murray R.K., Granner D.K., Rodwell V.W., 2009. Biokimia Harper. Jakarta:EGC
pp.225-39
Musser B., Wilkinson J., Gilbert T., Bokhour B.G., 2015. Changes in Identity
after Aphasic Stroke: Implications for Primary Care. Int J Family Med.
2015:1-8
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2012. What is Cholesterol?.
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc (18 Maret 2015)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. 2013. Cerebral
AneurysmFactSheet.http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disoders/cerebral_aneurysm/
detail_cerebral aneurysms/htm (20 Oktober 2015)
National
Stroke
Association.
2009.
Cholesterol
and
Stroke.
http://www.stroke.org/sites/default/files/resources/NSA_FactSheet_Cholest
erol_2014.pdf (18 Maret 2015)
Nechikkat S., Chandni R., Sasidharan P.K. 2014. Hypertension as a Risk Factor fo
haemorrhagic Stroke in Female. JAPI. 62:24-8
Ngili Y.2010. Biokimia Dasar. Bandung: Rekayasa Sains. pp.333
Noorkhairina S., Sakinah H., Ma C.H., 2013. Secondary Stroke Prevention
through Patient Education Intervention on Lifestyle Risk Factors. Health
and the Environment Journal. 4(2):127-51
Notoadmodjo, Soekidjo. 2012. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta:Rineka
Cipta
Okthavia S.W., 2014. Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Keluarga Terhadap
Tingkat Self Esteem Pada Penderita Pasca Stroke. JPPP. 3(2):110-8
Pandian J.D., Kaur A., Jyotsna R., Sylaja P.D., Vijaya P., Padma M.V.,
Venkateswaralu K., Sukumaran S., Mathew R., Kaur P., Singh Y.P.,
Radhakrishnan K., 2012.Complications in Acute Stroke in India (CAST-I).
JoS. 21:695-703
Palmer R., Enderby P., Cooper C., Latimer N., Julious S., Paterson G., Dimairo
M., Dixon S., Mortley J., Hilton R., Delaney A., Hughes H. 2012. Computer
Therapy Compared With Usual Care for People With Long Standing
Aphasia Poststroke. Stroke. 43: 1904-11
50
Parmar P., Sumaria S.,Hashi S., 2011. Stroke: Classification and Diagnosis.
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/strokeclassification-and-diagnosis/11080450.article (18 Maret 2015)
Pluta R.M., Lynm C., Golub R.M., 2011. Stroke Imaging. JAMA. 306(11)
Poedjiadi A., Supriyanti T. 2009. Dasar-Dasar Biokimia. Jakarta: UI-Press.
pp.296
Rasyid A., Soertidewi L., 2007. Unit Stroke:Manajemen Stroke Secara
Komprehensif. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI
Ritzel R.M., Capozzi L.A., McCullough L.D. 2013. Sex, Stroke, and
Inflammation: The potential for Estrogen-mediated Immunoprotection in
Stroke. Horm Behay. 63(2):238-53
Robert A.A., Zamzam M.M., 2014. Stroke in Saudi Arabia: a review of the recent
literature. Pamj. 17:1-5
Rocca W.A., Shuster L.A., Brown R.D. 2012. Could Estrogen Protect Younger
Menopausal Women From Stroke?. Expert Rev.Neurother. 12(4): 363-5
Sabri M., Lass E., Macdonald R.L. 2013. Early Brain Injury: A Common
Mechanism in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Global Cerebral Ischemia.
Stroke Research and Treatment. 2013:1-9
Saeed E., Ali R., Jalaluddin M., Jadoon R.J., Moiz M. 2015.
Hypercholesterolemia In Patients of Ischemic Stroke. JAMC. 27(3): 637-9
Shafe A.C.E., Lee S., Cowie M.R., 2011. UK Stroke Incidence, Mortality and
Cardiovascular Risk Management 1999-2008. BMJ Open.1:1-9
Shah R.S., Cole J.W. 2010. Smoking and Stroke: The More You Smoke The
More You Stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 8(7):917-32
Siritho S., Thrift A.G., McNeil J.J., You R.X., Stephen M.D., Donnan G.A., 2003.
Risk of Ischemic Stroke Among Users of the Oral Contraceptive Pill: The
Melbourne Risk Factor Study (MERFS) Group. Stroke. 34:1575-1580.
Sitia S., Tomasoni L., Atzeni F., Ambrosio G., Cordiano C., Catapano A.,
Tramontana S., Naccarato P., Camici P., Picano E., Cortigiani L.,
Bevilacqua M., Milazzo L., Barlassina C., Sarzi-Puttini P., Turiel M. 2010.
From Endothelial Dysfunction to Atherosclerosis. Elsevier. 9(12): 830-4
Sorganvi V., Kulkami M.S., Kadelis D., Atharga S. 2014. Risk Factor for Stroke:
A Case Control Study. Int J Cur Res Rev. 06(03): 46-52
Stapeleton P. A., Goodwill A.G., James M. E., Brock R.W., Frisbee J.C. 2010.
Hypercholesterolemia and Microvascular Dysfunction: Interventional
Strategies. Journal of Inflamation. 7(54): 1-0
51
Stein D.C., Kaufmann B.A. 2015. Ultrasound Imaging for Risk Assessment in
Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 16(5): 9749-69
Sulistyani D.O., Purhadi, 2013. Analisis Terhadap Faktor-Faktor yang
Mempengaruhi Laju Perbaikan Kondisi Klinis Pasien Penderita Stroke
dengan Regresi Cox Weibull. JSSP. 2(1):72-77
Sudoyo A. W., Setiyohadi B., Alwi I., Simadibrata M., Setiati S., 2007. Buku Ajar
Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam FKUI pp.1926-33
Suwanwela N.C., Stroke Epidemiology in Thailand. JoS. 16(1):1-7
Tabuchi S. 2015. Relationship Between Postmenopausal Estrogen Deficiency and
Aneurysmal Subrachnoid Hemorrhage. Hindawi. 2015(2015):1-6
Tada Y., Wada K., Shimada K., Makino H., Liang E.I., Murakami S., Kudo M.,
Shikata F., Silva R.A., Kitazato K.T., Hasan D.M., Kanematsu Y., Nagahiro
S., Hashimoto T. 2014. Estrogen Protects Against Intracranial Aneurysm
Rupture In Ovariectomized Mice. PMC. 1339-44
Togha M., Gheini M.R., Ahmadi B., Khashaiar P., Razeghi S. 2011. Lipid Profile
in Cerebrovascular Accidents. Iran J Neurol. 10(1-2):1-4
Valappil A.V., Chaudhary N.V., Praveenkumar R., Gopalakrishnan B., Girija
A.S., 2012. Low cholesterol as a risk factor for primary intracerebral
hemorrhage: A case–control study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 15(1): 19–22
van’Tuijl J.H., van’Raak E.P.M., de’Krom M.C.T.F.M., Lodder C., Aldenkamp
A.P., 2010.Early treatment after stroke for the prevention of late epileptic
seizures. Seizure. 20:285-91
Vemmos K., Ntaios G., Spengos K., Savvari P., Vemmou A., Pappa T., Manios E.
2010. Association between Obesity and Mortality After Acute First-Ever
Stroke. StrokeAHA.10:30-6
Wang X., Dong Y., Qi X., Huang C., Hou L., 2013. Cholesterol Levels and Risk
of Hemorrhagic Stroke. Stroke. 10:1833-9
Wieberdink R.G., Poels M.M.F., Vernooij M.W., Koudstaal P.J., Hofman A.,
der’Lugt A.V., Breteler M.M.B., Ikram M.A., 2011. Serum Lipid Levels
and the Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 31:2982-89
Wilson M.E. 2013. Stroke: Understanding The Differences Between Males and
Females. Pflugers Arch. 465(5): 595-600
Xing C., Arai K., Hommel M. 2012. Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic
Stroke. Int J Stroke. 7(5): 378-85
52
Yao X.Y., Lin Y., Geng J.L., Sun Y.M., Chen Y., Shi G.W., Chen Y., Shi G.W.,
Xu Q., Li Y.S. 2012. Age and Gender Specific Prevalence of Risk Factors
in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke In China. Hindawi. 2012:1-7
Yayasan Stroke Indonesia. Tahun 2020 Penderita Stroke Meningkat 2 kali.
http://www.yastroki.or.id/read.php?id=319 (18 Maret 2015)
Yuniadi Y. 2010. Intervensi Pada Stoke Non-Hemoragik. J Kardiol Indones.
31:153-5
Zhang J., Wang Y., Wang G., Sun H., Sun T., Shi J., Xiao H., Zhan J. 2011.
Clinical Factors in Patients With Ischemic Versus Hemorrhagic Stroke in
East China. World J Emerg Med. 2(1): 18-23
Zuliani G., Cherubini A., Atti A.R., Ble A., Vavalle C., Todaro F.D., Benedetti
C., Volpato S., Marinescu M.G., Senin U., Fellin R. 2004. Low Cholesterol
Levels Are Associated With Short-Therm Mortality in Older Patients With
Ischemic Stroke. Journal of Gerontology. 59:293-7
Alkali N.H., Bwala S.A., Akano A.O., Ogbu O.S., Alabi P., Ayeni O.A. 2010.
Stroke Risk Factors, Subtypes, and 30-day Case Fatality in Abuja, Nigeria.
Niger Med J. 54(2): 129–135.
American
Heart
Association,
2014.
Atherosclerosis
and
Stroke.
http://www.strokeassociation.org/STROKEORG/LifeAfterStroke/HealthyLi
ving AfterStroke/UnderstandingRisky Conditions/Atherosclerosis-andStroke_UCM_310426_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014).
American
Heart
Association,
2014.
Atherosclerosis.
http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/WhyCholesterol
Matters/Atherosclerosis_UCM_305564_Article.jsp (18 Maret 2014)
American Heart Association, 2015. Heavy Drinking in Middle-Age May Increase
Stroke
Risk
More
Than
Traditional
Factors.
http://newsroom.heart.org/news/heavy-drinking-in-middle-age-mayincrease-stroke-risk-more-than-traditional-factors (13 Maret 2015)
Arntz R., Jacobs L.R., Maaijwee N., Schoonderwaldt N., Dorresteijn L., van;Dijk
E., 2013. Post-Stroke Epilepsy in Young Adults. Plos ONE. 8(2):1-8
Abdul-Rahim A.H., Perez A.C., Fulton R.L., Jhund P.S., Latini R., Tognoni G.,
Wikstrand J., 2015. Risk of Stroke in Chronic Heart Failure Patients
withoutn Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis of the CORONA and GISSI-HF
Trials. AHA. 11:1-9
Aguilar M.I., Brott T.G., 2011. Update in Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Sage. 1(3):
148-59
Appelors P., Stegmayr P., Terent A. 2009. Sex Differences in Stroke
Epidemiology. AHA. 40:1082-90
Balitbang Kemenkes RI. 2013. Riset Kesehatan Dasar; RISKESDAS. Jakarta:
Balitbang Kemenkes RI
Baluch U.T., Kiani I., Nisa Z.U., Badshah M., 2008. Association of Dyslipidemia
and Ischemic Stroke. Ann Pak Inst Med Sci. 4(3):165-7
Bartoli F., Lillia N., Lax A., Crocamo C., Mantero V., Carra G., Agostoni E.,
Clerici M., 2013. Depression after Stroke and Risk of Mortality: A
Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Stroke Research and Treatment.
2013:1-11]
Bembenek J., Karlinski M., Kobayashi A., Czlonkowska A. 2011. Early Strokerelated Deep Venous Thrombosis: Risk Factors and Influence on Outcome.
J.Thromb.Thrombolysis. 32:96-102
44
45
Bhatti A.B., Ali F., Satti S.A. 2013. Association of Obesity with Stroke.
IJBR.4(8): 421-6
Biffi A., Greenberg S.M. 2011. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Systematic
Review. J Clin Neurol. 7: 1-9
Bruhin M.K., Kolonko B., Ayse, Annoni J.M., Hunziker E. 2013. Aphasia
Following a Stroke: Recovery and Recommendations for Rehabilitation.
Sanp.ch. 164(8):292-8
Caceres J.A., Goldstein J.N., 2012. Intracranial Hemorrhage. Emerg Med Clin
North Am. 30(3): 771–94
Chaudhury S.R., Ghosh S., Kar D., 2014. Comparative Lipid Profile Study
Between Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. J. Chem. Pharm. Res. 6(11):
20-7
Chen L.F., Chang C.Y., Hsu L.C., Tsai P.H., Chang S.J., Chang S.C., Yuan M.K.,
lai Y.C., Liu Y.C., Wang W.S., 2013. Bacterial Pneumonia Following Acute
Ischemic Stroke. JCMA. 76:78-2
Christanto R., Mahama C.N., Tumboimbela M. 2012. Profil Faktor-faktor Risiko
Pada Pasien Stroke Yang Dirawat Inap di Irina F Neurologi RSUP
Prof.Dr.R.D. Kandou Manado. eCl. 2(3): 1-4
Chrostek L., Supronowicz L., Panasiuk A., Cylwik B., Gruszewska E., Flisiak R.
2014. The Effect of the Severity of Liver Cirrhosis on the Level of Lipids
and Lipoprotein. Clin Exp Med. 14: 417-21
Cynthia A., Yogeesha K.S., Arunachalam R., 2014. Dyslipidemia in Stroke.
IOSR-JDMS. 13(6):45-9
Dahlan S. 2011. Statistik Untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba
Medika
Davis S.M., Donnan G.A., 2012. Secondary Prevention after Ischemic Stroke.
N.Engl.J.Med. 366:1914-22.
di’Legge S., Koch G., Diomedi M., Stanzione P., Sallustio F., 2012. Stroke
Prevention:ManagingModifiable Risk Factors. Stroke Research and
Treatment. 2012:1-1
Dey S.K., Ahmed S., Rahman K.M., Uddin M.J., Alam M.R., Bhattacharjee M.,
Mondal G., Israil.2010. Lipid Profile among Ischemic and Haemorrhagic
Stroke Patients. Mymensingh Med J. 19(2):176-80
Doehner W., Schenkel J., Anker S.D., Springer J., Audebert H.J. 2012.
Overweight and Obesity are Associated with Improved Survival, Functional
46
Outcome, and Stroke Recurrence after Acute Stroke or Transient Ischaemic
Attack: Observations from the TEMPiS Trial. Eurheartj. 340:1-10
Fan A.Z., ham S.A., Muppidi S.R., Mokdad A.H. 2009. Validation of Reported
Physical Activity for Cholesterol Control Using Two Different Physical
Activity Instruments. Dovepress. 5:649-61
Faraji F., Ghasami K., Talaie-zanjani A., Mohammadbeigi A. 2013. Prognostic
Factors in Acute Stroke, Regarding to Stroke Severity. Asian J Neurosurg.
8(2): 78-82
Feigin V.L., Krishnamurthi R., 2011. Stroke Prevention in the Developing World.
AHA. 42:3655-58
Felix-Redondo F.J., Grau M., Fernandez-Berges D. 2013. Cholesterol and
Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly. Aging Dis. 4(3):154-69
Gezmu T., Schneider D., Demissie K., Lin Y., Gizzi M.S. 2014. Risk factors for
Acute Stroke Among South Asians Compared to Other Racial/Ethhnic
Groups. PLoS ONE. 9(9): 1-8
Goldszmidt A.J., Caplan L.R., 2013. Stroke Esensial. Jakarta: Indeks
Gofir A., 2009. Manajemen Stroke. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Cendekia Press
Graham N.S.N., Crichton S., Koutroumanidis M., Wolfe C.D.A., Rudd A.G.,
2013. Incidence and Associations of Poststroke Epilepsy. AHA. 44:605-11
Grube M.M., Koennecke H.C., Walter G., Meisel A., Sobesky J., 2013 Influence
of Acute Complications on Outcome 3 Months after Ischemic Stroke. PLoS
ONE. 8(9): 1-8
Gunnal S.A., Farooqui m.S., Wabale R.N., 2013. Anatomical Variations of the
Circulus Arteriosus in Cadaveric Human Brains. Neurology Research
International. 2014:1-16
Guo Y., Li P., Guo Q., Shang K., Yan D., Du S., Lu Y., 2013. Pathophysiology
and Biomarkers in Acute Ischemic Stroke. Trop J Pharm Res. 12(6):1097105
Haiping Z., Zhiping H., Wei L., 2014. Statins and Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Chin
Med J. 127 (13): 2531-6
Harsono. 2009. Kapita Selekta Neurologi, Edisi Kedua. Yogyakarta: Gadjah
Mada University Press, pp.81-102
Irdelia R.R., Joko A.T., Bebasari E., 2014. Profil Faktor Risiko yang dapat
Dimodifikasi Pada Kasus Stroke Berulang di RSUD Arifin Achmad
Provinsi Riau. Jom.FK. 1:1-15
47
Iqbal M., Frida M., Yaswir., 2014. Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Gula Darah pada
Luaran Stroke Iskemik Berdasarkan Indeks Barthel. Jurnal Kesehatan
Andalas. 3(3):437-41
Jaffer A.M., Sultan K.M., Al-Mahdawi A., 2012. Stroke Related Pneumonia
Incidence and Possible Risk Factor. IPMJ. 11(3):376-81
Jiang B., Fang X.H., Liu Y.H., Dai X.Y., Lin Z.G., Su F.Z., Yang Q.D., Wang
W.Z., Wu S.P., Li S.C. 2010. Prospective Study on Associations between
Levels of Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride and Risk of Ischemic and
Hemorrhagic Strokes. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi. 38(3):268-71.
Khairunnisa N., Fitriyani., 2014. Hemiparese Sinistra, Parese Nervus VII, IX, X,
XII e.c Stroke Non-Hemorrhagic. Medula Unila. 2(3):52-9
Khan M.N., Khan H.D., Ahmad M., Umar M., 2014. Serum Total and HDLCholesterol in Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke. Ann.Pak.Inst.Med.
Sci.10(1): 22-6
Khon J.C., Lampi M.C., Reinhart-King C.A. 2015. Age-Related Vascular
Stiffening : Causes and Consequences. Front Genet. 6(12): 1-17
Kinlay S., 2011. Changes in Stroke Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment.
Circulation.124: 494-6
Koelhoffer E.C., McCullough L.D. 2013. The Effect of Estrogen in Ischemic
Stroke. Transl Stroke Res. 4(4): 390-401
Kumar S., Selim M.H., Caplan L.R., 2010. Medical Complication after Stroke.
http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS14744422%2809%2970
266-2.pdf
Kumar V., Cotran R., Robbins S. 2007. Buku Ajar Patologi. Jakarta: EGC
Kirtania K., Sultana A., Hossain M.Z., Ahmed S., Khatun A., 2011. Assoxiation
of Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking With Ischaemic Stroke. J Dhaka Med
Coll. 20(1) : 12-14.
Kristiyawati S.P., Irawaty D., Hariyaty R.T.S. 2009. Faktor Risiko yang
Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stroke di RS Panti Wilasa Citarum
Semarang. JIKK. 1(1):1-7
Lee J.G., Koh S.J., Yoo S.Y., Yu J.R., Lee S.A., Koh G., Lee D., 2012.
Characteristics of Subjects with Very Low Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein
Cholesterol
and
the
Risk
for
Intracerebral
Hemorrhage.
Korean.J.Intern.Med. 27:317-26
Lemarroy C.R.C., Yruegas B.E.I., Rivera F.G., 2014. Gastrointestinal
Complications after Ischemic Stroke.J Neurol Sci. 346:20-5
48
Lemonick D.M., 2010. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: State of the Art(ery). AJCM.
7(2):62-73
Lisabeth L., Bushnell C.B. 2013. Menopause and Stroke: An Epidemiologic
Review. Lancet Neurol. 11(1): 82-91
Listiyana A.D., Mardiana., prameswari G.N. 2013. Obesitas Sentral dan Kadar
Kolesterol Darah Total. Kemas. 9(1): 37-43
Llorca G.E., Guerra L.C., Moreno M.C.F., Doblado S.R., Hernandez M.D.J. 2015.
Post-Stroke Depression: an update. Neurologia. 30(1):23-1
Loubinoux I., Kronenberg G., Endres M., Bard P.S., Freret T., Filipkowski R.K.,
Kaczmarek L., Wagner A.P.2012 Post-Stroke Depression: Mechanism,
Translation and Therapy. J.Cell.Mol.Med. 16(9):1961-9
Macdonald R.L. 2014. Delayed Neurological Deterioration after Subarachnoid
Haemorrhage. Nature Reviews Neurology. 10: 44-58
Machfoed M.H., Hamdan M., Machin A., Wardah R.I., 2011. Buku Ajar Ilmu
Penyakit Saraf. Surabaya: Pusat Penerbitan dan Percetakan UNAIR. pp.91108
Magistris F., Bazak S., Martin J., 2013. Intracerebral Hemorrhage:
Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. MUMJ. 10(1):15-22
Mahmood A., Sharif M.A., Khan M.N., Ali U.Z., 2010. Comparison of Serum
Lipid Profile in Ischaemic and Haemorrhagic Stroke. JCPSP. 20(5):317-20.
Malik M.A., Mewo Y.M., Kaligis S.H.M. 2013. Gambaran Kadar Kolesterol
Total Darah Pada Mahasiswa Angkatan 2011 Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Sam Ratulangi Dengan Indeks Massa Tubuh 18,55-22,9 kg/m2.
eBM. 1(2): 1008-13
Markam S. 2009. Penuntun Neurologi. Tangerang: Binarupa Aksara. Pp: 140-145
Marwat M.A., Usman M., Hussain M. 2009. Stroke and Its Relationship to Risk
Factors. GCMS. 7(1): 17-21
Masterjohn C. 2009. Cholesterol and Stroke. http://www.westonaprice.org/healthtopics/cholesterol-and-stroke/ (14 Desember 2015)
Mintalangi M.E. 2013. Perbandingan Kadar Kolesterol Total Pada Masyarakat
Semi Kota dan Desa di Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Fakultas Kesehatan
Masyarakat Universitas Sam Ratulangi. PhD Thesis
Misbach J., 2011. Stroke: Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen. Jakarta:
Balai Penerbit FKUI
49
Mousawi Z.N., Al-Tameemi K.M., Haji G.F. 2012. Predictors of Outcome for
Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Iraqi Stroke Patients. IPMJ.
11(4): 503-9
Murray R.K., Granner D.K., Rodwell V.W., 2009. Biokimia Harper. Jakarta:EGC
pp.225-39
Musser B., Wilkinson J., Gilbert T., Bokhour B.G., 2015. Changes in Identity
after Aphasic Stroke: Implications for Primary Care. Int J Family Med.
2015:1-8
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. 2012. What is Cholesterol?.
http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hbc (18 Maret 2015)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. 2013. Cerebral
AneurysmFactSheet.http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disoders/cerebral_aneurysm/
detail_cerebral aneurysms/htm (20 Oktober 2015)
National
Stroke
Association.
2009.
Cholesterol
and
Stroke.
http://www.stroke.org/sites/default/files/resources/NSA_FactSheet_Cholest
erol_2014.pdf (18 Maret 2015)
Nechikkat S., Chandni R., Sasidharan P.K. 2014. Hypertension as a Risk Factor fo
haemorrhagic Stroke in Female. JAPI. 62:24-8
Ngili Y.2010. Biokimia Dasar. Bandung: Rekayasa Sains. pp.333
Noorkhairina S., Sakinah H., Ma C.H., 2013. Secondary Stroke Prevention
through Patient Education Intervention on Lifestyle Risk Factors. Health
and the Environment Journal. 4(2):127-51
Notoadmodjo, Soekidjo. 2012. Metodologi Penelitian Kesehatan. Jakarta:Rineka
Cipta
Okthavia S.W., 2014. Hubungan Antara Dukungan Sosial Keluarga Terhadap
Tingkat Self Esteem Pada Penderita Pasca Stroke. JPPP. 3(2):110-8
Pandian J.D., Kaur A., Jyotsna R., Sylaja P.D., Vijaya P., Padma M.V.,
Venkateswaralu K., Sukumaran S., Mathew R., Kaur P., Singh Y.P.,
Radhakrishnan K., 2012.Complications in Acute Stroke in India (CAST-I).
JoS. 21:695-703
Palmer R., Enderby P., Cooper C., Latimer N., Julious S., Paterson G., Dimairo
M., Dixon S., Mortley J., Hilton R., Delaney A., Hughes H. 2012. Computer
Therapy Compared With Usual Care for People With Long Standing
Aphasia Poststroke. Stroke. 43: 1904-11
50
Parmar P., Sumaria S.,Hashi S., 2011. Stroke: Classification and Diagnosis.
http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/learning/learning-article/strokeclassification-and-diagnosis/11080450.article (18 Maret 2015)
Pluta R.M., Lynm C., Golub R.M., 2011. Stroke Imaging. JAMA. 306(11)
Poedjiadi A., Supriyanti T. 2009. Dasar-Dasar Biokimia. Jakarta: UI-Press.
pp.296
Rasyid A., Soertidewi L., 2007. Unit Stroke:Manajemen Stroke Secara
Komprehensif. Jakarta: Balai Penerbit FKUI
Ritzel R.M., Capozzi L.A., McCullough L.D. 2013. Sex, Stroke, and
Inflammation: The potential for Estrogen-mediated Immunoprotection in
Stroke. Horm Behay. 63(2):238-53
Robert A.A., Zamzam M.M., 2014. Stroke in Saudi Arabia: a review of the recent
literature. Pamj. 17:1-5
Rocca W.A., Shuster L.A., Brown R.D. 2012. Could Estrogen Protect Younger
Menopausal Women From Stroke?. Expert Rev.Neurother. 12(4): 363-5
Sabri M., Lass E., Macdonald R.L. 2013. Early Brain Injury: A Common
Mechanism in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Global Cerebral Ischemia.
Stroke Research and Treatment. 2013:1-9
Saeed E., Ali R., Jalaluddin M., Jadoon R.J., Moiz M. 2015.
Hypercholesterolemia In Patients of Ischemic Stroke. JAMC. 27(3): 637-9
Shafe A.C.E., Lee S., Cowie M.R., 2011. UK Stroke Incidence, Mortality and
Cardiovascular Risk Management 1999-2008. BMJ Open.1:1-9
Shah R.S., Cole J.W. 2010. Smoking and Stroke: The More You Smoke The
More You Stroke. Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 8(7):917-32
Siritho S., Thrift A.G., McNeil J.J., You R.X., Stephen M.D., Donnan G.A., 2003.
Risk of Ischemic Stroke Among Users of the Oral Contraceptive Pill: The
Melbourne Risk Factor Study (MERFS) Group. Stroke. 34:1575-1580.
Sitia S., Tomasoni L., Atzeni F., Ambrosio G., Cordiano C., Catapano A.,
Tramontana S., Naccarato P., Camici P., Picano E., Cortigiani L.,
Bevilacqua M., Milazzo L., Barlassina C., Sarzi-Puttini P., Turiel M. 2010.
From Endothelial Dysfunction to Atherosclerosis. Elsevier. 9(12): 830-4
Sorganvi V., Kulkami M.S., Kadelis D., Atharga S. 2014. Risk Factor for Stroke:
A Case Control Study. Int J Cur Res Rev. 06(03): 46-52
Stapeleton P. A., Goodwill A.G., James M. E., Brock R.W., Frisbee J.C. 2010.
Hypercholesterolemia and Microvascular Dysfunction: Interventional
Strategies. Journal of Inflamation. 7(54): 1-0
51
Stein D.C., Kaufmann B.A. 2015. Ultrasound Imaging for Risk Assessment in
Atherosclerosis. Int J Mol Sci. 16(5): 9749-69
Sulistyani D.O., Purhadi, 2013. Analisis Terhadap Faktor-Faktor yang
Mempengaruhi Laju Perbaikan Kondisi Klinis Pasien Penderita Stroke
dengan Regresi Cox Weibull. JSSP. 2(1):72-77
Sudoyo A. W., Setiyohadi B., Alwi I., Simadibrata M., Setiati S., 2007. Buku Ajar
Ilmu Penyakit Dalam. Jakarta: Pusat Penerbitan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit
Dalam FKUI pp.1926-33
Suwanwela N.C., Stroke Epidemiology in Thailand. JoS. 16(1):1-7
Tabuchi S. 2015. Relationship Between Postmenopausal Estrogen Deficiency and
Aneurysmal Subrachnoid Hemorrhage. Hindawi. 2015(2015):1-6
Tada Y., Wada K., Shimada K., Makino H., Liang E.I., Murakami S., Kudo M.,
Shikata F., Silva R.A., Kitazato K.T., Hasan D.M., Kanematsu Y., Nagahiro
S., Hashimoto T. 2014. Estrogen Protects Against Intracranial Aneurysm
Rupture In Ovariectomized Mice. PMC. 1339-44
Togha M., Gheini M.R., Ahmadi B., Khashaiar P., Razeghi S. 2011. Lipid Profile
in Cerebrovascular Accidents. Iran J Neurol. 10(1-2):1-4
Valappil A.V., Chaudhary N.V., Praveenkumar R., Gopalakrishnan B., Girija
A.S., 2012. Low cholesterol as a risk factor for primary intracerebral
hemorrhage: A case–control study. Ann Indian Acad Neurol. 15(1): 19–22
van’Tuijl J.H., van’Raak E.P.M., de’Krom M.C.T.F.M., Lodder C., Aldenkamp
A.P., 2010.Early treatment after stroke for the prevention of late epileptic
seizures. Seizure. 20:285-91
Vemmos K., Ntaios G., Spengos K., Savvari P., Vemmou A., Pappa T., Manios E.
2010. Association between Obesity and Mortality After Acute First-Ever
Stroke. StrokeAHA.10:30-6
Wang X., Dong Y., Qi X., Huang C., Hou L., 2013. Cholesterol Levels and Risk
of Hemorrhagic Stroke. Stroke. 10:1833-9
Wieberdink R.G., Poels M.M.F., Vernooij M.W., Koudstaal P.J., Hofman A.,
der’Lugt A.V., Breteler M.M.B., Ikram M.A., 2011. Serum Lipid Levels
and the Risk of Intracerebral Hemorrhage: The Rotterdam Study.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 31:2982-89
Wilson M.E. 2013. Stroke: Understanding The Differences Between Males and
Females. Pflugers Arch. 465(5): 595-600
Xing C., Arai K., Hommel M. 2012. Pathophysiologic Cascades in Ischemic
Stroke. Int J Stroke. 7(5): 378-85
52
Yao X.Y., Lin Y., Geng J.L., Sun Y.M., Chen Y., Shi G.W., Chen Y., Shi G.W.,
Xu Q., Li Y.S. 2012. Age and Gender Specific Prevalence of Risk Factors
in Patients with First-Ever Ischemic Stroke In China. Hindawi. 2012:1-7
Yayasan Stroke Indonesia. Tahun 2020 Penderita Stroke Meningkat 2 kali.
http://www.yastroki.or.id/read.php?id=319 (18 Maret 2015)
Yuniadi Y. 2010. Intervensi Pada Stoke Non-Hemoragik. J Kardiol Indones.
31:153-5
Zhang J., Wang Y., Wang G., Sun H., Sun T., Shi J., Xiao H., Zhan J. 2011.
Clinical Factors in Patients With Ischemic Versus Hemorrhagic Stroke in
East China. World J Emerg Med. 2(1): 18-23
Zuliani G., Cherubini A., Atti A.R., Ble A., Vavalle C., Todaro F.D., Benedetti
C., Volpato S., Marinescu M.G., Senin U., Fellin R. 2004. Low Cholesterol
Levels Are Associated With Short-Therm Mortality in Older Patients With
Ischemic Stroke. Journal of Gerontology. 59:293-7