IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES USED IN DAILYMAIL’S COMMENTS Impoliteness Strategies Used In Dailymail’s Comments.
IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES USED IN
DAILYMAIL’S COMMENTS
THESIS
Submitted to the Department of Language Studies,
Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for
the degree of Master of Education
Written By:
LUTHFI YULIDAR
ID No. S 200 140 047
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIES
GRADUATE SCHOOL
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA
2017
APPROVAL
IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES USED IN
DAILYMAIL’S COMMENTS
Written by
Luthfi Yulidar
S200140047
Approved to be examined by the Consultant Team
Primary Supervisor
Co-Supervisor
Agus wijayanto, Ph. D
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D
ii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly
standard for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by the
board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta,… April 2017
Primary Supervisor
Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D
iii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly
standard for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by the
board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta, … April 2017
Co-Supervisor
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D
iv
Approval
v
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP
I hereby confirm that the thesis entitle “Impoliteness Strategies Used In
Dailymail’s Comments” is an original and authentic work written by myself and it
has satisfied the rules and regulations of University Muhammadiyah Surakarta with
respect to plagiarism. I certify that all quotation and the source information have been
fully referred and acknowledged accordingly.
I confirm that this thesis has not been submitted for the award of any previous degree
in any tertiary institution in Indonesia or abroad.
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Date: ... April 2017
Signed:
(Luthfi Yulidar)
vi
MOTTO
Squeezing your dried fruit,
it has still some juices.
Just trust and don’t give up.
(the writer)
vii
DEDICATION
From my deep heart and great love, this research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT, My beloved parents, my mom and my dad,
My lovely sister and brother.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullaahi Wabarakaatuh
Firstly, the researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude to Allah
SWT who has blessed in every single step in her life, for having her health and
ability. So, the writer could accomplish this research paper. She ealizes that in
composing this research paper, she have got helps, supports and encouragements
from many people. Thus in this occasion, she would like to express my deepest
gratitude to the great persons who have helped me directly or indirectly to finish this
research paper. Deep thanks are presented to:
1. Prof. Dr. Marhamah, M.Hum., as the Head of Language Study Department of
Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D the academic supervisor and the primary supervisor,
who has lend a hand, guidance, and correction from the beginning up to the
completion this research,
3. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D as the co-supervisor who tolerantly gave her
support and counsel,
4. Her best gratitude to her beloved parents, Emak and Babe thanks for your
unstopping love, pray and tears, nothing she can do pay back those all. Her one
ix
and only older sister, thanks for your love, support and pray to finish this
research paper.
5. All of her friends, thanks for the motivation and support.
Finally, the writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect.
Therefore, she would be very thankful grateful for all critics and suggestion to make
this research paper and my understanding in linguistics better.
Wassalamualaikum Warrahmatullah Wabarrakatuh.
Surakarta, April 2017
The writer,
Luthfi Yulidar
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................
ii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ...................................................
iii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ................................................... iv
APPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION..................................................
v
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ............................................................
vi
MOTTO ........................................................................................................
vii
DEDICATION .............................................................................................. viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...............................................................................
xi
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .............................................................
A. Background of the Study .....................................................................
B. Limitation of the Study ........................................................................
C. Problem Statements .............................................................................
D. Objectives of the Study ........................................................................
E. Benefits of the Study ...........................................................................
F. Research Paper Organization ...............................................................
1
1
5
5
6
6
7
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ..............................................
A. Previous Study .....................................................................................
B. Related Theories ..................................................................................
1. Pragmatics ..................................................................................
a. Sociopragmatics ....................................................................
b. Pragmalinguistics .................................................................
2. Impoliteness Strategy .................................................................
3. Computer-Mediated-Communication (CMC) ...........................
C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................
9
9
14
15
16
16
18
21
23
xi
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................
A. Research Type .....................................................................................
B. Research Object ...................................................................................
C. Data and Data Source ..........................................................................
D. Technique for Collecting Data ............................................................
E. Technique for Analyzing Data ............................................................
24
24
24
24
24
25
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ................
A. Data Analysis .......................................................................................
1. Type of Impoliteness ..................................................................
a. Bald on Record ..................................................................
b. Positive Impoliteness .........................................................
c. Negative Impoliteness .......................................................
d. Off-Record Impoliteness or Sarcasm/Mock Impoliteness .
2. Conventional Form of Impoliteness ............................................
a. Bald on Record Impoliteness ..............................................
b. Positive Impoliteness .........................................................
c. Negative Impoliteness .......................................................
d. Off-Record Impoliteness or Sarcasm/Mock Impoliteness .
B. The Research Findings .........................................................................
1. The Type of Impoliteness Strategy ..............................................
2. Pragmalinguistic Strategies of Impoliteness ...............................
C. Discussion of the Finding ....................................................................
1. Impoliteness Strategies ...............................................................
2. Pragmalinguistic Strategy ...........................................................
26
26
26
26
44
76
103
119
119
122
126
130
132
132
133
142
142
144
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .............................
A. Conclusion ...........................................................................................
B. Pedagogical Implication........................................................................
C. Suggestion ............................................................................................
D. Drawback .............................................................................................
146
146
146
147
148
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xii
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi ketidaksopanan yang digunakan di kolom
komentar di Dailymail. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian kualitatif. Tujuan dari
penelitian ini ada mendeskripsikan tipe-tipe ketidaksopanan yang ditemukan di
kolom komentar Dailymail dan bentuk-bentuk bahasa ketidaksopanan. Data
penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari kolom komentar di Dailymail. Peneliti menggunakan
metodi dokumentasi dalam pengumpulan data, seperti membaca dan memahami
komentar-komentar yang terdapat dibawah artikel berita di Dailymail, menuliskan
data-data ketidaksopanan yang telah ditemukan, dan memberikan kode-kode. Datadata yang telah ditemukan dianalisis mengunakan teori ketidaksopanan milik
Culpeper (2005) and bentuk-bentuk bahasa yang digunakan untuk mengungkapan
ketidaksopanan tersebut berdasarkan teori Culepeper (2010). Ada tiga tahapan dalam
menganalisi data-data tersebut, pertama menganalisa tipe-tipe impoliteness yang
ditemukan , kemudian menganalisa bentuk bahasa yang digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan ketidaksopanan, dan terakhir menyimpulkan. Hasil yang ditemukan
setelah menganalisa data-data adalah tidak semua stategi yang ditemukan oleh
Culpeper digunakan oleh para penulis komentar di kolom komentar Dailymail. Ada 4
strategi yang ditemukan, yaitu bald on recor impoliteness, positive impoliteness,
negative impoliteness, dan off-record impoliteness atau sarcasm/mock politeness dan
bentuk-bentuk bahasa ketidaksopanan yang ditemukan berupa assessing, figurative
language, rhetorical question, telling the truth, giving advice, dan lain-lain.
Keyword: ketidaksopanan, bentuk bahasa, situs online.
xiii
ABSTRACT
This research investigated impoliteness strategies used in Dailymail’s comments. It is
qualitative research. The objectives of this research are describing the types of
impoliteness strategies found dominantly and the conventional form of impoliteness
in Dailymail’s comments. The data are the comments of Dailymail site. The
researcher uses documentation method to collect the data, by doing some steps:
reading and understanding the comments below the article, writing the data of
impoliteness strategies found in the comments, and coding. The data were analyzed
by the theory of impoliteness by Culpeper (2005) and conventional form of
Culpeper’s theory (2010). There are 3 steps in analyzing the data, as follow:
analyzing the impoliteness strategies in Dailymail’s comments, analyzing the
conventional form of impoliteness, and drawing conclusion. The finding of this
research shows that not all the impoliteness strategies found in this research. There
are bald on record impoliteness, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and offrecord impoliteness or sarcasm/mock impoliteness and pragmalinguistic of
impoliteness strategies can be expressed with some form, such assessing, figurative
language, rhetorical question, telling the truth, giving advice, etc.
Keyword: impoliteness strategies, pragmalinguistic strategies, online site
xiv
DAILYMAIL’S COMMENTS
THESIS
Submitted to the Department of Language Studies,
Graduate School of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for
the degree of Master of Education
Written By:
LUTHFI YULIDAR
ID No. S 200 140 047
DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGE STUDIES
GRADUATE SCHOOL
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY SURAKARTA
2017
APPROVAL
IMPOLITENESS STRATEGIES USED IN
DAILYMAIL’S COMMENTS
Written by
Luthfi Yulidar
S200140047
Approved to be examined by the Consultant Team
Primary Supervisor
Co-Supervisor
Agus wijayanto, Ph. D
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D
ii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly
standard for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by the
board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta,… April 2017
Primary Supervisor
Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D
iii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM
The student submits the thesis for examination:
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Supervisor’s Approval
I confirm that the thesis written by the above-named students meets the scholarly
standard for the degree and is therefore eligible to proceed to an examination by the
board of examiners of the Department of Language Studies, the Graduate School of
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Surakarta, … April 2017
Co-Supervisor
Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D
iv
Approval
v
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP
I hereby confirm that the thesis entitle “Impoliteness Strategies Used In
Dailymail’s Comments” is an original and authentic work written by myself and it
has satisfied the rules and regulations of University Muhammadiyah Surakarta with
respect to plagiarism. I certify that all quotation and the source information have been
fully referred and acknowledged accordingly.
I confirm that this thesis has not been submitted for the award of any previous degree
in any tertiary institution in Indonesia or abroad.
Name
: Luthfi Yulidar
ID Number
: S 200140047
Department
: Language Studies
Field of Study
: English Education
Thesis Title
: Impoliteness Strategies Used in Dailymail’s Comments
Date: ... April 2017
Signed:
(Luthfi Yulidar)
vi
MOTTO
Squeezing your dried fruit,
it has still some juices.
Just trust and don’t give up.
(the writer)
vii
DEDICATION
From my deep heart and great love, this research paper is dedicated to:
Allah SWT, My beloved parents, my mom and my dad,
My lovely sister and brother.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warahmatullaahi Wabarakaatuh
Firstly, the researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude to Allah
SWT who has blessed in every single step in her life, for having her health and
ability. So, the writer could accomplish this research paper. She ealizes that in
composing this research paper, she have got helps, supports and encouragements
from many people. Thus in this occasion, she would like to express my deepest
gratitude to the great persons who have helped me directly or indirectly to finish this
research paper. Deep thanks are presented to:
1. Prof. Dr. Marhamah, M.Hum., as the Head of Language Study Department of
Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D the academic supervisor and the primary supervisor,
who has lend a hand, guidance, and correction from the beginning up to the
completion this research,
3. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D as the co-supervisor who tolerantly gave her
support and counsel,
4. Her best gratitude to her beloved parents, Emak and Babe thanks for your
unstopping love, pray and tears, nothing she can do pay back those all. Her one
ix
and only older sister, thanks for your love, support and pray to finish this
research paper.
5. All of her friends, thanks for the motivation and support.
Finally, the writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect.
Therefore, she would be very thankful grateful for all critics and suggestion to make
this research paper and my understanding in linguistics better.
Wassalamualaikum Warrahmatullah Wabarrakatuh.
Surakarta, April 2017
The writer,
Luthfi Yulidar
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL .................................................................................................
ii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ...................................................
iii
SUPPERVISOR’S APPROVAL FORM ................................................... iv
APPROVAL OF THESIS SUBMISSION..................................................
v
STATEMENT OF AUTHORSHIP ............................................................
vi
MOTTO ........................................................................................................
vii
DEDICATION .............................................................................................. viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...............................................................................
xi
ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................
xiii
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .............................................................
A. Background of the Study .....................................................................
B. Limitation of the Study ........................................................................
C. Problem Statements .............................................................................
D. Objectives of the Study ........................................................................
E. Benefits of the Study ...........................................................................
F. Research Paper Organization ...............................................................
1
1
5
5
6
6
7
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY ..............................................
A. Previous Study .....................................................................................
B. Related Theories ..................................................................................
1. Pragmatics ..................................................................................
a. Sociopragmatics ....................................................................
b. Pragmalinguistics .................................................................
2. Impoliteness Strategy .................................................................
3. Computer-Mediated-Communication (CMC) ...........................
C. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................
9
9
14
15
16
16
18
21
23
xi
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................
A. Research Type .....................................................................................
B. Research Object ...................................................................................
C. Data and Data Source ..........................................................................
D. Technique for Collecting Data ............................................................
E. Technique for Analyzing Data ............................................................
24
24
24
24
24
25
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ................
A. Data Analysis .......................................................................................
1. Type of Impoliteness ..................................................................
a. Bald on Record ..................................................................
b. Positive Impoliteness .........................................................
c. Negative Impoliteness .......................................................
d. Off-Record Impoliteness or Sarcasm/Mock Impoliteness .
2. Conventional Form of Impoliteness ............................................
a. Bald on Record Impoliteness ..............................................
b. Positive Impoliteness .........................................................
c. Negative Impoliteness .......................................................
d. Off-Record Impoliteness or Sarcasm/Mock Impoliteness .
B. The Research Findings .........................................................................
1. The Type of Impoliteness Strategy ..............................................
2. Pragmalinguistic Strategies of Impoliteness ...............................
C. Discussion of the Finding ....................................................................
1. Impoliteness Strategies ...............................................................
2. Pragmalinguistic Strategy ...........................................................
26
26
26
26
44
76
103
119
119
122
126
130
132
132
133
142
142
144
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .............................
A. Conclusion ...........................................................................................
B. Pedagogical Implication........................................................................
C. Suggestion ............................................................................................
D. Drawback .............................................................................................
146
146
146
147
148
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xii
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini membahas tentang strategi ketidaksopanan yang digunakan di kolom
komentar di Dailymail. Penelitian ini berupa penelitian kualitatif. Tujuan dari
penelitian ini ada mendeskripsikan tipe-tipe ketidaksopanan yang ditemukan di
kolom komentar Dailymail dan bentuk-bentuk bahasa ketidaksopanan. Data
penelitian ini dikumpulkan dari kolom komentar di Dailymail. Peneliti menggunakan
metodi dokumentasi dalam pengumpulan data, seperti membaca dan memahami
komentar-komentar yang terdapat dibawah artikel berita di Dailymail, menuliskan
data-data ketidaksopanan yang telah ditemukan, dan memberikan kode-kode. Datadata yang telah ditemukan dianalisis mengunakan teori ketidaksopanan milik
Culpeper (2005) and bentuk-bentuk bahasa yang digunakan untuk mengungkapan
ketidaksopanan tersebut berdasarkan teori Culepeper (2010). Ada tiga tahapan dalam
menganalisi data-data tersebut, pertama menganalisa tipe-tipe impoliteness yang
ditemukan , kemudian menganalisa bentuk bahasa yang digunakan untuk
mengungkapkan ketidaksopanan, dan terakhir menyimpulkan. Hasil yang ditemukan
setelah menganalisa data-data adalah tidak semua stategi yang ditemukan oleh
Culpeper digunakan oleh para penulis komentar di kolom komentar Dailymail. Ada 4
strategi yang ditemukan, yaitu bald on recor impoliteness, positive impoliteness,
negative impoliteness, dan off-record impoliteness atau sarcasm/mock politeness dan
bentuk-bentuk bahasa ketidaksopanan yang ditemukan berupa assessing, figurative
language, rhetorical question, telling the truth, giving advice, dan lain-lain.
Keyword: ketidaksopanan, bentuk bahasa, situs online.
xiii
ABSTRACT
This research investigated impoliteness strategies used in Dailymail’s comments. It is
qualitative research. The objectives of this research are describing the types of
impoliteness strategies found dominantly and the conventional form of impoliteness
in Dailymail’s comments. The data are the comments of Dailymail site. The
researcher uses documentation method to collect the data, by doing some steps:
reading and understanding the comments below the article, writing the data of
impoliteness strategies found in the comments, and coding. The data were analyzed
by the theory of impoliteness by Culpeper (2005) and conventional form of
Culpeper’s theory (2010). There are 3 steps in analyzing the data, as follow:
analyzing the impoliteness strategies in Dailymail’s comments, analyzing the
conventional form of impoliteness, and drawing conclusion. The finding of this
research shows that not all the impoliteness strategies found in this research. There
are bald on record impoliteness, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and offrecord impoliteness or sarcasm/mock impoliteness and pragmalinguistic of
impoliteness strategies can be expressed with some form, such assessing, figurative
language, rhetorical question, telling the truth, giving advice, etc.
Keyword: impoliteness strategies, pragmalinguistic strategies, online site
xiv