A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY, PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

  A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY,

PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

  REINWARDTIA A JOURNAL ON TAXONOMIC BOTANY, PLANT SOCIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY

  Vol. 13(3): 221 —315, April 11, 2012 Chief Editor

KARTINI KRAMADIBRATA

  Editors DEDYDARNAEDI (INDONESIA) TUKTRIN PARTOMIHARDJO (INDONESIA) JOENI SETIJO RAHAJOE (INDONESIA) TEGUHTRIONO (INDONESIA)

  MARLINAARDIYANI (INDONESIA) EIZI SUZUKI (JAPAN)

JUN WEN (UNITED STATE OF AMERICA)

  Managing editor

HIMMAH RUSTIAMI

  Secretary

ENDANG TRI UTAMI

  Lay out

DEDEN SUMIRATHIDAYAT

  Illustrators SUBARI WAHYUDI SANTOSO ANNE KUSUMAWAIY

  Reviewers

BRYAN SIMON (AUSTRALIA), EVE J. LUCAS (UNITED KINGDOM), J.F.VELDKAMP (NETHERLANDS), LAUR-

ENCE SKOG (USA), PIETER BAAS (NETHERLANDS), RUTH KIEW (MALAYSIA), ROBERT J. SORENG (USA), HE-

LENA DUISTERMAAT (NETHERLANDS), LYN A. CRAVEN (AUSTRALIA), RUGAYAH (INDONESIA), MARK HUGHES (UNITED KINGDOM), MARTIN CALLMANDER (USA), PETER C. VAN WELZEN (NETHERLANDS),

WAYNE TAKEUCHI (USA), NOBUYUKI FUKUOKA (JAPAN).

  Correspondence on editorial matters and subscriptions for Reinwardtia should be addressed to: HERBARIUM BOGORIENSE, BOTANY DIVISION, RESEARCH CENTER FOR BIOLOGY-LIPI, CIBINONG 16911, INDONESIA E-mail: reinwardtia@mail.lipi.go.id

• –228.

  Rekaman baru dalam Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae): termasuk pertelaan kembali jenis T. celebica, T. pedicellata spec. nov., dan T. edulis var. punctata var. nov. dipaparkan.

  Keywords: Cucurbitaceae, Trichosanthes, South East Asia, Sulawesi, Philippines, New Guinea. ABSTRAK DE WILDE, W.J.J.O. & DUYFJES, B.E.E. 2012. Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) di Malesia: tambahan dan koreksi, termasuk pertelaan satu jenis baru dan satu varietas baru. Reinwardtia 13(3): 221

  Recent discoveries in Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae): including the re-description of T. celebica, T. pedicellata spec. nov., and T. edulis var. punctata var. nov. are presented.

  TRICHOSANTHES (CUCURBITACEAE) IN MALESIA: ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS, INCLUDING A NEW SPECIES AND A NEW VARIETY Received September 7, 2010; accepted June 14, 2011 W.J.J.O. DE WILDE & BRIGITTA E.E. DUYFJES Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section NHN), Leiden University P.O. Box 9514, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: duyfjes@nhn.leidenuniv.nl ABSTRACT DE WILDE, W.J.J.O. & DUYFJES, B.E.E. 2012. Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia: additions and corrections, including a new species and a new variety. Reinwardtia 13(3): 221

• –228.

  Through an old collection (C. Hose 751 (K)), Sarawak, erroneously annotated as collected in North Sulawesi which had at the time escaped from our attention it now became evident that the male sepals of T. obscura are distinctly narrowly lobed (Fig. 1). They were previously described (Rugayah & de Wilde, 1999; de Wilde & Duyfjes, 2010) as

  (1) THE SEPALS OF THE MALE FLOWERS OF TRICHOSANTHES OBSCURA Rugayah (REINWARDTIA 11 (1999) 269).

  Since the overall revision of Trichosanthes in Malesia (Rugayah & de Wilde, 1999; Rugayah, 1999; de Wilde & Duyfjes, 2010) some novelties have emerged and are described below. It concerns (1) a correction of the description of the male sepals of T. obscura Rugayah (Borneo), (2) the re- description of T. celebica Cogn. (Sulawesi), (3) the description of a new species, T. pedicellata W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes (Sulawesi), (4) the description of a new variety of T. edulis Rugayah: var. punctata W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes (Philippines), and (5) some notes on incomplete material of an undescribed, unidentified species of Trichosanthes (New Guinea).

  INTRODUCTION

  Trichosanthes (Hugo de Boer, Uppsala, in

  With recent molecular sequencing of the collection of de Vogel 6136, as part of a larger molecular analysis of the whole genus

  Buru: Nooteboom 5275 (sterile) all belonged to that species.

  T. tricuspidata Lour.), de Vogel 6136 (fruit), and de Wilde & Duyfjes 21903 (sterile), and one from

  one fruit), Kjellberg 1212 (male, BO, S, not seen by de Wilde at the time, though recently we could examine and identify the S-duplicate as

  Beccari 51 (type, consisting of a male specimen and

  When conceiving T. celebica Cogn. (1881: 385) for the revision of Trichosanthes (Rugayah, 1999; de Wilde & Duyfjes, 2010), it was assumed that the following four collections from E. Sulawesi:

  (2) RE-DESCRIPTION OF TRICHOSANTHES CELEBICA Cogn.

  ca. 15 cm long. Female flowers of this species are still not known.

  leaf blade ca. 20 by 17.5 cm and the male peduncle

  Sumbing SAN 116679, Sumbing SAN 110399, and Jaheri 1570. The plant in the collection of C. Hose 751 is somewhat stouter as hitherto known, with the

  entire, erroneously seen as such in the following rather deficient male flowering collections of

  REINWARDTIA Vol 13, No 3, pp: 221 − 228

  Kata kunci: Cucurbitaceae, Trichosanthes, Asia Tenggara, Sulawesi, Filipina, Niugini.

  REINWARDTIA 222 [VOL.13

  preparation), this plant came located in the provisional cladograms wide apart from those of the group to which T. celebica and close relatives like

  T. elmeri Merr., T. wawrae Cogn., and T. papuana

  F.M. Bailey belong. de Vogel 6136 appeared to link up with species from New Guinea, at present grouped in section Edulis Rugayah. This prompted us to re-examine the specimen morphologically and also to see the type of T. celebica (FI) again. We concluded that the collection of de Vogel 6136 is quite different in many details, e.g. in its leaf blade glands and seeds and further on it is described as the new species T. pedicellata. Most likely here also belongs Nooteboom 5275 from Buru.

  Fig. 1. Trichosanthes obscura Rugayah. a. Node with male inflorescence; b. male bract; c. immature male flower showing lobed sepals (corolla invisible, petals still small, coherent and not yet expanded) (all: C. Hose 751, K).

  Drawn by Jan van Os (L).

  One sheet bears a leafy stem with simple tendrils and male inflorescences (flowers in bud) and, on the same stem possibly a ca. 2 cm long fruiting pedicel, but the fruit itself is lacking, however described by Cogniaux, l.c., as red, longitudinally striped, 9 by 6 cm, muricate, with the seeds embedded in green-black pulp. The other sheet bears a leafy twig with male inflorescences and an envelope with seeds. We do not believe that the fruit was muricate. We found only unbranched tendrils in the material.

  2. Trichosanthes celebica is obviously close to

  T. wawrae and T. elmeri, both species differing from the first in broader seeds.

  3. Trichosanthes celebica as here circumscribed differs from the description in Rugayah & de Wilde (1999), Rugayah (1999), and de Wilde & Duyfjes (2010) in the exclusion of the specimens Kjellberg

• –3 mm diam.; monoecious or dioecious. Probract fine- hairy, ovate, 3 –6 by 3–4 mm, glands present.
>–20 cm diam., middle leaflet 10
• –15 by 3–5(–7) cm, base cuneate, faintly scabrous above, with dense in- conspicuous cystoliths, glands (several or) numerous, scattered, 0.5(

  1212, de Vogel 6136 and Nooteboom 5275, of

  which the latter two collections belong to a new species (see below). (3) A NEW SPECIES IN TRICHOSANTHES FROM SULAWESI

  Trichosanthes pedicellata W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes, spec. nov.

• –1) mm diam., margin entire or sparsely minutely dentate; unlobed blades with 3( –5) curved basal veins, leaflets pinniveined.
• –4 cm long, ca. 3 mm thick; rachis somewhat thickened, with bract-scars, 5
• –11 cm long, 8–15- flowered; bracts subpersistent, oblong-lanceolate, 15 –25 mm long, fine-hairy, base attenuate, 3–5- nerved, apex deeply incised, with glands. Male

  Climber 5

  Trichosanthes celebica auct. non Cogn.: Rugayah (1999) 99, p.p., pl. 5a.

• –7 cm longo, seminibus minoribus 9
• –10 mm longis differt. — Typus: De Vogel 6136 (holo L; iso L), Sulawesi, Lake Matano. Fig. 2a, b.
• –2(–3) mm long; buds fine-hairy; sepals narrowly triangular, 6 –7 mm long, entire. Female flowers not known. Fruit rip- ening red (possibly no paler striped), ovoid, ca. 9 by 6 cm (see Note 1); fruiting pedicel possibly ca. 2 cm long, ca. 3 mm thick. Seeds pale or dark brown, obliquely (narrowly) ovate or elliptic, much compressed, 12 –13 by 6–7 by 2–2.5 mm, smooth, margin absent, edge entire.
• –8 m long, early glabrescent, at first with minute hairs especially at the nodes and apex of petioles, leafy stem 2 –3 mm diam.; dioecious.
• –5) curved towards apex. Male

  Probract not obvious. Tendrils unbranched. Leaves

  petiole 2.5 –3.5 cm long; blade green on drying, sub- chartaceous or membranous, simple, unlobed or shallowly or irregularly few-lobed at base; blade in outline ovate-oblong or subhastate, 10 –20 by 7– 10.5 cm, base widely cordate, faintly scabrous with very numerous flat concolorous cystoliths above, blade glands absent or 1 –3 at base, 0.5(–1) mm diam., margin entire or sparsely minutely dentate; basal veins 3(

  raceme and female flowers not known. Fruit

  A Trichosanthidi celebicae fructibus minoribus ca. 6.5 cm longis, pedicello in fructu longiore 5.5

  or disturbed primary forest, at low altitudes; male flowering and fruiting in July.

  1. The type material (FI), consists of two sheets.

  Specimens seen. Beccari 51 (♂ fl., fr.); de Wilde & Duyfjes 21903, 21909 (both sterile). Notes.

  Distribution. SE Sulawesi (Kendari). Habitat & Ecology. Open areas in secondary forest

  flowers (from buds): pedicel 1

  Male raceme minutely rust-hairy; peduncle 2.5

  petiole 2 –4 cm long; petiolules 0.3–0.8 cm long; blade green on drying, chartaceous or membranous, simple and unlobed or 3-foliolate; unlobed blade in outline ovate-oblong or subhastate, 10 –18 by 5–8.5 cm, foliolate blade in outline circular, 15

  Tendrils unbranched (or 2-branched). Leaves

  with sparse minute hairs, leafy stem 1.5

  Climber to 10 m long, early glabrescent, at first

  — Type: Beccari 51 (holo FI), SE Sulawesi, near Kendari, Lepo-Lepo. ― Fig. 2c, d.

  TRICHOSANTHES CELEBICA Cogn. (1881) 385; Rugayah & de Wilde (1999) 251, p.p.; Rugayah (1999) 99, p.p., pl. 5a; de Wilde & Duyfjes (2010) 260, p.p.

  5275, and Kjellberg 1212.

  The description of the new species implies that the hitherto accepted description of T. celebica (Rugayah, 1999; de Wilde & Duyfjes, 2010) should be amended, excluding de Vogel 6136, Nooteboom

  2012] 223 DE WILDE & DUYFJES: Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia

  solitary, ripening red (possibly not paler striped), ovoid, 6.5 by 4.5 cm, apex ca. 2 mm beaked; exocarp thick-leathery, smooth; dry pericarp ca. 5 mm thick; pulp not recorded but possibly greenish black; fruiting pedicel 5.5 –7 cm long, 3–4 mm Fig. 2. Trichosanthes pedicellata W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes. a. Fruiting branch; b. seed. c

  REINWARDTIA 224 [VOL.13

• –d: Trichosanthes celebica Cogn. c. Simple leaf blade, showing numerous scattered dots on lower surface; d. seed (a, b: de Vogel 6136; type (L); c: de Wilde & Duyfjes 21903 (L); d: Beccari 51 (FI)). Drawn by Jan van Os (L).
• –10 by 4 –4.5 by 2–3 mm, margin absent, edge entire.
• –6 cm long; blade dry- ing brown-greenish, simple, 3-lobed to nearly half- way, ca. 20 by 17 cm, abaxially coarsely reticulately veined and with numerous dark brown dots (gland hairs?), blade glands absent or a single one at very blade-base, ca. 1 mm diam., margin entire. Male inflorescence: peduncle ca. 25 cm long, male bracts broadly elliptic or ovate, ca. 20 by 20 mm, densely brown woolly hairy, hairs ca. 1 mm long, margin shallowly dentate-crenulate in lower half, apex subacute or bluntish. Male and female flowers and fruit not known.

  However, a recent accession from the Philippines, Luzon, Barbon, Romero & Fuentes PPI 13044, clearly belongs to this section. It consists of a leafy twig-portion with an unusual long-peduncled immature male inflorescence, obviously most closely resembling T. edulis.

  (2) Johns & Hidayat 10385, from West Papua, above Freeport, collected at 2780 m, cannot be matched with any of the species described for the section but likely belongs here because of its general leaf shape and distribution. The collection bears immature fruit with an unusual long fruiting pedicel, 5 –6 cm long, a character which it shares with T. pedicellata (from Sulawesi, see above), and also the leaf shape of both species is resembling, but the seed of T. pedicellata does not fit into those of section Edulis (Fig. 4b).

  (1) Eyma 5123, from West Papua, Wissel Lakes (at the base of Boebeiro and Enarotali, at 1750 m altitude), previously (Rugayah & de Wilde, 1999; Rugayah, 1999) discussed under T. densiflora Rugayah. Fig. 4a.

  (5) UNIDENTIFIED SPECIMENS The section Edulis seems one of the best defined sections of Trichosanthes, however, far from completely known, as testified by two un- named collections obviously representing new species in this section but waiting for additional material to be described formally. It concerns:

  Distribution. Philippines: Luzon, Isabela Province, where only known from the type. Habitat & Ecology. In secondary disturbed forest on loam, at 200 m altitude. Flowering (buds): July.

  peduncle and woolly hairy male bracts. Probract narrowly ovate, ca. 7 mm long, acute. Tendrils 2- branched. Leaves petiole 4.5

  Plant subglabrous, except finely hairy male

  — Typus: Barbon, Romero & Fuentes PPI 13044, 05 July 1994 (holo L; iso PNH, not seen), Philippines, Luzon.

  ― Fig. 3. A Trichosantidis edulis varietatibus omnibus foliis pedunculo masculo longo ca. 25 cm longo differt.

  de Wilde & Duyfjes, var. nov.

  Trichosanthes edulis Rugayah var. punctata W.J.

  As for the present, however, the species is sufficiently resembling T. edulis (with 3 varieties in New Guinea) to describe it as a new fourth variety.

  The discovery of PPI 13044 means a large range extension of the species T. edulis, as well as a remarkable one of the section Edulis, now also known as occurring in the Philippines. The specimen may represent a new species, but for assessing this more complete material is necessary.

  Edulis, with 8 species, was confined to New Guinea (Rugayah, 1999; de Wilde & Duyfjes, 2010).

  2012] 225 DE WILDE & DUYFJES: Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia

  To date it was assumed that Trichosanthes sect.

  EDULIS, THE TYPE SPECIES OF TRICHOSANTHES SECTION EDULIS Rugayah

  (4) A NEW VARIETY IN TRICHOSANTHES

  2. According to molecular studies by de Boer (mentioned above), T. pedicellata rather belongs to the New Guinean section Edulis, but the seed in that section is different: more angular in shape, more flattened and often truncate or emarginate at one end.

  crowded numerous cystoliths on the upper surface and without or with only few glands at the base, and in its smaller fruit with smaller and thicker seeds and with a longer fruiting pedicel. In T. celebica the cystoliths are fewer and barely visible, the blade glands numerous and scattered all over the blade, the fruit larger with larger much flattened seeds, and the fruiting pedicel is shorter (see Fig. 2).

  T. celebica in the aspect of its leaves with very

  1. Trichosanthes pedicellata differs from

  Notes.

  primary forest on alluvial flat, deep hard red clayey soil derived from conglomerate bedrock; 400 m altitude. Fruiting in July.

  Habitat & Ecology. Solitary climber in disturbed

  possibly Moluccas (NW Buru, Nooteboom 5275, sterile).

  Distribution. Sulawesi: Lake Matano area, and

  thick. Seeds blackish, compressed, elliptic, 9

  ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The curators of BO, FI, L, and S are acknowledged for allowing us to study material of Trichosanthes. Jan van Os (L) made the beautiful drawings, Ben Kieft (L) scanned the drawings, and Jan Frits Veldkamp (L) REINWARDTIA 226 [VOL.13

Fig. 3. Trichosanthes edulis Rugayah var. punctata W.J. de Wilde & Duyfjes. a. Node with male inflorescences; b.

detail of lower leaf blade surface, showing punctation (all: Borbon, Romero & Fuentes PPI 13044 (L)). Drawn by Jan van Os (L).

  

2012] DE WILDE & DUYFJES: Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia 227

Fig. 4. Leaves of an unidentified high-altitude Trichosanthes, from New Guinea, possibly belonging in sect. Edulis.

a. Eyma 5123 (L); b. Johns RJ 10385 (L). Drawn by Jan van Os (L).

  

228 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13

RUGAYAH. 1999. Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in REFERENCES

  Malesia. Thesis: 239 pp. Program Pasca Sarjana COGNIAUX, C. A. 1881. Cucurbitaceae. In A. DE Institut Pertanian Bogor. RUGAYAH & DE WILDE, W. J. J. O. 1999. Conspec- CANDOLLE & C. DE CANDOLLE. Monographiae

  Phanerogamarum Prodromi 3: 325 tus of Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia.

• –951. DE WILDE, W. J. J. O. & DUYFJES, B. E. E. 2010. Reinwardtia 11 (4): 227 –280.

  Flora Malesiana. Series 1. Spermatophyta 19: 260.

  

314 REINWARDTIA [VOL.13

ERRATUM REINWARDTIA Vol. 13, Part 2, 2010

  1. Please change the existing word in p. 213, LINE 7 on ABSTRAK (written in Bahasa Indonesia version) with the following: Keberadaan dua jenis terakhir melampaui distribusi yang sebelumnya hanya diketahui di barat garis Wallace.

  2. Please change the existing epithet name in p, 214, COLUMN 1, LINE 40 on Key to the species of

  Marantaceae in Sulawesi number 5.a. after Phrynium: longispicum

  INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS

  Reinwardtia is a scientific journal on plant taxonomy, plant ecology, and ethnobotany.

  Manuscript intended for a publication should be written in English represent an article which has not been published in any other journal or proceedings. Every manuscript will be sent to two blind reviewers.

  Two printed copies (on A4 paper) of the manuscript of not more than 200 pages together with an electronic copy prepared on Word Processor computer program using Time New Romance letter type and saved in Rich Text File must be submitted.

  For the style of presentation, authors should follow the latest issue of Reinwardtia very closely. Title of the article should be followed by authors name and mailing address in one-paragraphed English abstract of not more than 250 words. Keywords should be given below each abstract. On a separated paper, author(s) should send the preferred running title of the article submitted.

  Taxonomic identification key should be prepared using the aligned couplet type. Strict adherence to the International Code of

  Botanical Nomenclature is observed, so that taxonomic and nomenclatural novelties should be clearly shown. Latin description for new taxon proposed should be provided and the herbaria where the type specimens area deposited should be presented in the long form that is name of taxon, authors name, year of publication, abbreviated journal or book title, volume, number and page.

  Map, line drawing illustration, or photograph preferably should be prepared in landscape presentation to occupy two columns. Illustration must be submitted as original art accompanying, but separated from the manuscript. On electronic copy, the illustration should be saved in jpg or gif format at least 350 pixels. Legends or illustration must be submitted separately at the end of the manuscript.

  Bibliography, list of literature cited or references follow the Harvard system.

  REINWARDTIA

  Vol. 13. No. 3. 2012 CONTENTS

  Page W.J.J.O. DE WILDE & BRIGITTA E.E. DUYFJES. Trichosanthes (Cucurbitaceae) in Malesia: additions and corrections, including a new species and a new variety 221 DEDEN GIRMANSYAH. Two new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Bukit Tiga-puluh National Park, Riau, Sumatra 229 PUDJI WIDODO. New nomenclature in Syzygium (Myrtaceae) from Indonesia and its vicinities 235 ALEX SUMADIJAYA & JAN FRITS VELDKAMP. Non-Bambusoid Grasses (Gramineae) from Raja Ampat Archipelago, Papua Barat Province, Indonesia 241 ARY PRIHARDYANTO KEIM. New variety, records & discoveries of some species of Pandanus

  

(Pandanaceae) in Sumatra and Kalimantan, Indonesia 255

  HARRY WIRIADINATA. A new species of Begonia (Begoniaceae) from Sagea Lagoon, Weda Bay, Halmahera Island, North Moluccas, Indonesia 263

  ARY PRIHARDYANTO KEIM. The Pandan flora of Foja-Mamberamo Game Reserve and Baliem Valley, Papua-Indonesia 271 JAN FRITS VELDKAMP. Koordersiochloa Merr. (Gramineae), the correct name for Streblochaete Hochst. exPilg. 299 SRI ENDARTI RAHAYU, KUSWATA KARTAWINATA, TATIEK CHIKMAWATI & ALEX

  HARTANA. Leaf anatomy of Pandanus species (Pandanaceae) from Java 305 Reinwardtia is a LIPI acredited Journal (258/AU 1/P2MBI/05/2010) Herbarium Bogoriense Botany Division Research Center for Biology- LIPI Cibinong, Indonesia