A MOPROCESS Morphology Analysis On Derivational Affixes Process In 9 Summers 10 Autumns, From The City Of Apples To The Big Apple Novel By Iwan Setyawan.
A MO
ORPHOLOGY ANALY
YSIS ON DERIVATIO
ONAL AFFIIXES
PROCESS
S IN 9 SUM
MMERS 10 A
AUTUMNS, FROM TH
HE CITY OF
F APPLES
TO THE BIIG APPLE N
NOVEL BY
Y IWAN SE
ETYAWAN
RESE
EARCH PAP
PER
Submitteed as Partiaal Fulfillmen
nt of Requirrements
for Getting
G
Bach
helor Degreee of Educattion
in Engglish Departtment
by:
FEBBI KU
USUMA NU
UGROHO
A 320100065
5
SC
CHOOL OF
F TEACHER
R TRAININ
NG AND ED
DUCATION
N
M
MUHAMM
MADIYAH U
UNIVERSIT
TY OF SUR
RAKARTA
2014
APPROVAL
ON DERTVATIONAL AFFIXES
ANALYSIS
MORPHOLOGY
A
PRoCEssIN\SaMMERSILAUT?]IINS,FR2]VTHECITYqFAPPLES
TO THE BIG APPLENOYELBY
IWAN SETYAWAN
RESEARCII PAPER
Examined bY:
Approved to be
First Consultant
W+
M' Hum
Dr. Dwi Haryanti'
NIK.477
ACCEPTANCE
A MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS ON DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES
PROCESS TN 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTTIMNS, FROM THE CITY OF APPLES
TO THE BIG APPLE NOVEL BY IWAN SETYAWAN
by
FEBBI KUSUMA NUGROHO
A'320100065
Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
in June, 2014
Team of Examiners
l.
Dr. Dwi Haryanti. M. Hum.
Chair Person
2.
Siti Fatimah. S. Pd. M. Hum.
Member I
3.
Drs. Sigit Haryanto. M. Hum.
Member II
of Teacher Training and Education
University of Surakarta
19650428199303 1001
ilt
TESTIMONY
I hereby define that there is no plagiarism in this
research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to get the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no assumption that has been written or published before,
except the written references which are showed in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If
any incorrectness is proved in the future pertaining with my
statement above, I
will
be responsible.
IV
MOTTO
Time is sword
Life is never flat
Life needs struggle
Maka sesungguhnya bersama kesulitan ada kemudahan, sesungguhnya bersama
kesulitan ada kemudahan (Al-Insyiroh: 5-6)
v
DEDICATION
From his deep heart and wonder love,
this research paper in particular is dedicated for:
1. His beloved parents,
2. His beloved brothers and sister,
3. His beloved honey and best friend.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, gratitude to Allah SWT, the Almighty, who
has given bless to finish the paper entitled A Morphology Analysis on
Derivational Affixes Process in 9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to
the Big Apple Novel By Iwan Setyawan. Greeting for the Prophet Muhammad
SAW who has guided us.
The reseacher realizes it is impossible to finish the paper. Therefore, the
researcher would like to express his gratitude to persons who have supported to
her to finish the paper, they are:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikayat, Ph. D as the Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Dr. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum, as the first consultant who has guided him in
finishing this research paper,
4. Siti Fatimah, S.Pd, M. Hum, as the second consultant who has guided him in
finishing this research paper,
5. All lecturers of English Department who have learnt and transferred their
knowledge,
vii
6. His parents, brother, and sister for their support,
7. His beloved honey, Yohana, who has supported and cared,
8. His best friend, Lulus, who has helped him,
9. His fiends,” kuman” family. Thanks for everything,
10. His friends in the conscripts of the 2010 class B, who have accompanied him
since 2010 until 2014, and
11. Thanks for person that can not be mentioned one by one, which have helped
her to finish this paper.
He realizes that this paper is still far from being perfect, therefore, he needs
revision and suggestions for the perfection of this work. He hopes that this
research paper will be useful to all readers. Amin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, June 2014
Febbi Kusuma Nugroho
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL.......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................ v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................ ix
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study .......................................................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ............................................................. 3
C. Problem Statement .................................................................... 3
D. Objective of the Study .............................................................. 4
E. Benefit of the Study .................................................................. 4
F. Research Paper Organization .................................................... 5
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ........................................................... 6
A. Previous Study .......................................................................... 6
B. Theoretical Framework ............................................................. 7
1. Morphology ...................................................................... 7
a. Notion of Morphology ............................................... 7
b. Word .......................................................................... 8
ix
c. Morpheme................................................................... 8
d. Morph ......................................................................... 9
e. Morphological Process ............................................... 9
2. Affixes ............................................................................... 11
a. Prefix ......................................................................... 11
b. Suffix ......................................................................... 11
c. Infix ........................................................................... 11
3. Derivational Affixes ......................................................... 11
a. Derivational Prefixes ................................................. 12
b. Derivational Suffixes ................................................. 14
4. Kind of Derivational Affixes ............................................ 24
5. Word Formation ............................................................... 29
6. Lexical Categories ............................................................ 31
CHAPTER III: Research Method ......................................................................... 33
A. Research Type ......................................................................... 33
B. Research Object ........................................................................ 33
C. Data and Data Source ............................................................... 33
D. Method of Collecting Data ....................................................... 34
E. Method of Analyzing Data ....................................................... 34
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION............................. 35
A. Research Finding ...................................................................... 35
1. Derivational Prefix.............................................................. 36
2. Derivational Suffix ............................................................. 44
x
3. Derivational Prefix + Suffix ............................................... 90
B. Discussion ................................................................................. 97
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......................................... 107
A. Conclusion ................................................................................ 107
B. Suggestion................................................................................. 109
BIBILIOGRAPHY................................................................................................ 110
VIRTUAL REFERENCE ..................................................................................... 111
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
Febbi Kusuma Nugroho. A320100065. A MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS ON
DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES PROCESS IN 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTUMNS, FROM
THE CITY OF APPLES TO THE BIG APPLE NOVEL BY IWAN SETYAWAN.
This study studies the derivational affixes in 9 Summers 10 Autumns, from
the City of Apples to the Big Apple novel by Iwan Setyawan. The objectives of
this study are to classify the types of derivational affixes in English word that are
found in “9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple”
novel by Iwan Setyawan and to describe the form and meaning of derivational
affixes in “9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple”
novel by Iwan Setyawan.
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data are in the form
of English words which contain derivational affixes from English novel in“9
Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple” by Iwan
Setyawan. The data are analyzed by reads the English novel in“9 Summers 10
Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple” by Iwan Setyawan, gives an
underline to the English words which contain English derivational affixes, and
identifies the derivational affixes process that occurs on English words.
The results of the study show that firstly, from the whole data 287 there are
15 data or 5,27% belong to the derivational prefix, that consist the change of
noun into noun (3 data or 1,05%), verb into verb (7 data or 2,44%), adjective into
adjective (5 data or 1,74%), 65 data or 22,65% belong to the changes of verb into
noun (suffix), 9 data or 3,14% belong to the changes of verb into adjective
(suffix), 13 data or 4,53% belong to the changes of noun into noun (suffix), 64
data or 22,3% belong to the changes of noun into adjective (suffix), 1 data or
0,35% belongs to the changes of noun into verb (suffix), 24 data or 8,4% belong
to the changes of adjective into noun (suffix), 2 data or 0,7% belong to the
changes of adjective into verb (suffix), 1 data or 0,35% belongs to the changes of
adjective into adjective (suffix), 76 data or 26,5% belong to the changes of
adjective into adverb (suffix), 3 data or 1,05% belong to the changes of adverb
into adverb (suffix), 14 data or 4,88% belong to the derivational prefix +
derivational suffix, that consist the change of noun into adjective (5 data or
1,74%), verb into adjective (5 data or 1,74%), verb into noun (1 datum or 0,35%),
adjective into adverb (3 data or 1,05%). Secondly, the most data collected are the
affixes from adjective into adverb (-ly), which is 26,5%. While the second is
affixes from verb into noun (-ation, -ant, -ion, -er, -or, -ing, -ment, -ence, -cy, -al,
-ee, dis + ment), which is 22,65%. The third is affixes from noun into adjective (al, -ish, -less, -ful, -ian, -able, -en, -ary, -ic, -ious/-ous, -y, -ar, -ny, un + able, un +
ful, in + able, un + ly), which is 22,3%. The fourth is affixes from adjective into
noun (-ce, -cy, -er, -ism, -ist, -ity, -ness), which is 8,4%. The fifth is affixes from
noun into noun (-ache, -ence, -ery, -hood, -ion, -ist, -ity, -ship, dis-, mis-), which
is 4,53%. The sixth is affixes from verb to adjective (-able, -ent, -ous, -ive, un +
xii
able, un + ably), which is 3,14%. The seventh is affixes from verb into verb (dis-,
en-, ex-, im-, re-, un-), which is 2,44%. The eighth is affixes from adjective into
adjective (-ish, im-, in-, -un), which is 2,09%. The ninth is affixes from adverb
into adverb (-theless), which is 1,05%. The tenth is affixes from adjective into
verb (-ify, -ize), which is 0,7%, and the last is affixes from noun into verb (-en),
which is 0,35%. Thirdly, there are some lexical categories in derivational process
of affixes. The researcher finds four lexicl categories in the derivational process of
affixes.
The lexical categories from verb into noun are 65 words, the lexical
categories verb into adjective are 12 words, the lexical categories from noun into
noun are 16 words, the lexical categories from noun into adjective are 67
categories, the lexical categories from noun into verb is 1 word, the lexical
categories from adjective into noun are 24 words, the lexical categories from
adjective into verb are 2 words, the lexical categories from adjective into adjective
are 6 word, the lexical categories froma djective into adverb are 79 words, the
lexical categories from adverb into adverb are 3 words, the lexical categories from
verb into verb are 7 words.
Key Words: Derivational affixes and lexical categories.
xiii
ORPHOLOGY ANALY
YSIS ON DERIVATIO
ONAL AFFIIXES
PROCESS
S IN 9 SUM
MMERS 10 A
AUTUMNS, FROM TH
HE CITY OF
F APPLES
TO THE BIIG APPLE N
NOVEL BY
Y IWAN SE
ETYAWAN
RESE
EARCH PAP
PER
Submitteed as Partiaal Fulfillmen
nt of Requirrements
for Getting
G
Bach
helor Degreee of Educattion
in Engglish Departtment
by:
FEBBI KU
USUMA NU
UGROHO
A 320100065
5
SC
CHOOL OF
F TEACHER
R TRAININ
NG AND ED
DUCATION
N
M
MUHAMM
MADIYAH U
UNIVERSIT
TY OF SUR
RAKARTA
2014
APPROVAL
ON DERTVATIONAL AFFIXES
ANALYSIS
MORPHOLOGY
A
PRoCEssIN\SaMMERSILAUT?]IINS,FR2]VTHECITYqFAPPLES
TO THE BIG APPLENOYELBY
IWAN SETYAWAN
RESEARCII PAPER
Examined bY:
Approved to be
First Consultant
W+
M' Hum
Dr. Dwi Haryanti'
NIK.477
ACCEPTANCE
A MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS ON DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES
PROCESS TN 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTTIMNS, FROM THE CITY OF APPLES
TO THE BIG APPLE NOVEL BY IWAN SETYAWAN
by
FEBBI KUSUMA NUGROHO
A'320100065
Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
in June, 2014
Team of Examiners
l.
Dr. Dwi Haryanti. M. Hum.
Chair Person
2.
Siti Fatimah. S. Pd. M. Hum.
Member I
3.
Drs. Sigit Haryanto. M. Hum.
Member II
of Teacher Training and Education
University of Surakarta
19650428199303 1001
ilt
TESTIMONY
I hereby define that there is no plagiarism in this
research paper. There is
no other work that has been submitted to get the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no assumption that has been written or published before,
except the written references which are showed in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography.
If
any incorrectness is proved in the future pertaining with my
statement above, I
will
be responsible.
IV
MOTTO
Time is sword
Life is never flat
Life needs struggle
Maka sesungguhnya bersama kesulitan ada kemudahan, sesungguhnya bersama
kesulitan ada kemudahan (Al-Insyiroh: 5-6)
v
DEDICATION
From his deep heart and wonder love,
this research paper in particular is dedicated for:
1. His beloved parents,
2. His beloved brothers and sister,
3. His beloved honey and best friend.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, gratitude to Allah SWT, the Almighty, who
has given bless to finish the paper entitled A Morphology Analysis on
Derivational Affixes Process in 9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to
the Big Apple Novel By Iwan Setyawan. Greeting for the Prophet Muhammad
SAW who has guided us.
The reseacher realizes it is impossible to finish the paper. Therefore, the
researcher would like to express his gratitude to persons who have supported to
her to finish the paper, they are:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum., as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education Faculty of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikayat, Ph. D as the Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Dr. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum, as the first consultant who has guided him in
finishing this research paper,
4. Siti Fatimah, S.Pd, M. Hum, as the second consultant who has guided him in
finishing this research paper,
5. All lecturers of English Department who have learnt and transferred their
knowledge,
vii
6. His parents, brother, and sister for their support,
7. His beloved honey, Yohana, who has supported and cared,
8. His best friend, Lulus, who has helped him,
9. His fiends,” kuman” family. Thanks for everything,
10. His friends in the conscripts of the 2010 class B, who have accompanied him
since 2010 until 2014, and
11. Thanks for person that can not be mentioned one by one, which have helped
her to finish this paper.
He realizes that this paper is still far from being perfect, therefore, he needs
revision and suggestions for the perfection of this work. He hopes that this
research paper will be useful to all readers. Amin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Surakarta, June 2014
Febbi Kusuma Nugroho
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ................................................................................................................. i
APPROVAL.......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY........................................................................................................ iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................ v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................ ix
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study .......................................................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ............................................................. 3
C. Problem Statement .................................................................... 3
D. Objective of the Study .............................................................. 4
E. Benefit of the Study .................................................................. 4
F. Research Paper Organization .................................................... 5
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ........................................................... 6
A. Previous Study .......................................................................... 6
B. Theoretical Framework ............................................................. 7
1. Morphology ...................................................................... 7
a. Notion of Morphology ............................................... 7
b. Word .......................................................................... 8
ix
c. Morpheme................................................................... 8
d. Morph ......................................................................... 9
e. Morphological Process ............................................... 9
2. Affixes ............................................................................... 11
a. Prefix ......................................................................... 11
b. Suffix ......................................................................... 11
c. Infix ........................................................................... 11
3. Derivational Affixes ......................................................... 11
a. Derivational Prefixes ................................................. 12
b. Derivational Suffixes ................................................. 14
4. Kind of Derivational Affixes ............................................ 24
5. Word Formation ............................................................... 29
6. Lexical Categories ............................................................ 31
CHAPTER III: Research Method ......................................................................... 33
A. Research Type ......................................................................... 33
B. Research Object ........................................................................ 33
C. Data and Data Source ............................................................... 33
D. Method of Collecting Data ....................................................... 34
E. Method of Analyzing Data ....................................................... 34
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION............................. 35
A. Research Finding ...................................................................... 35
1. Derivational Prefix.............................................................. 36
2. Derivational Suffix ............................................................. 44
x
3. Derivational Prefix + Suffix ............................................... 90
B. Discussion ................................................................................. 97
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ......................................... 107
A. Conclusion ................................................................................ 107
B. Suggestion................................................................................. 109
BIBILIOGRAPHY................................................................................................ 110
VIRTUAL REFERENCE ..................................................................................... 111
APPENDIX
xi
ABSTRACT
Febbi Kusuma Nugroho. A320100065. A MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS ON
DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES PROCESS IN 9 SUMMERS 10 AUTUMNS, FROM
THE CITY OF APPLES TO THE BIG APPLE NOVEL BY IWAN SETYAWAN.
This study studies the derivational affixes in 9 Summers 10 Autumns, from
the City of Apples to the Big Apple novel by Iwan Setyawan. The objectives of
this study are to classify the types of derivational affixes in English word that are
found in “9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple”
novel by Iwan Setyawan and to describe the form and meaning of derivational
affixes in “9 Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple”
novel by Iwan Setyawan.
This research is a descriptive qualitative research. The data are in the form
of English words which contain derivational affixes from English novel in“9
Summers 10 Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple” by Iwan
Setyawan. The data are analyzed by reads the English novel in“9 Summers 10
Autumns, from the City of Apples to the Big Apple” by Iwan Setyawan, gives an
underline to the English words which contain English derivational affixes, and
identifies the derivational affixes process that occurs on English words.
The results of the study show that firstly, from the whole data 287 there are
15 data or 5,27% belong to the derivational prefix, that consist the change of
noun into noun (3 data or 1,05%), verb into verb (7 data or 2,44%), adjective into
adjective (5 data or 1,74%), 65 data or 22,65% belong to the changes of verb into
noun (suffix), 9 data or 3,14% belong to the changes of verb into adjective
(suffix), 13 data or 4,53% belong to the changes of noun into noun (suffix), 64
data or 22,3% belong to the changes of noun into adjective (suffix), 1 data or
0,35% belongs to the changes of noun into verb (suffix), 24 data or 8,4% belong
to the changes of adjective into noun (suffix), 2 data or 0,7% belong to the
changes of adjective into verb (suffix), 1 data or 0,35% belongs to the changes of
adjective into adjective (suffix), 76 data or 26,5% belong to the changes of
adjective into adverb (suffix), 3 data or 1,05% belong to the changes of adverb
into adverb (suffix), 14 data or 4,88% belong to the derivational prefix +
derivational suffix, that consist the change of noun into adjective (5 data or
1,74%), verb into adjective (5 data or 1,74%), verb into noun (1 datum or 0,35%),
adjective into adverb (3 data or 1,05%). Secondly, the most data collected are the
affixes from adjective into adverb (-ly), which is 26,5%. While the second is
affixes from verb into noun (-ation, -ant, -ion, -er, -or, -ing, -ment, -ence, -cy, -al,
-ee, dis + ment), which is 22,65%. The third is affixes from noun into adjective (al, -ish, -less, -ful, -ian, -able, -en, -ary, -ic, -ious/-ous, -y, -ar, -ny, un + able, un +
ful, in + able, un + ly), which is 22,3%. The fourth is affixes from adjective into
noun (-ce, -cy, -er, -ism, -ist, -ity, -ness), which is 8,4%. The fifth is affixes from
noun into noun (-ache, -ence, -ery, -hood, -ion, -ist, -ity, -ship, dis-, mis-), which
is 4,53%. The sixth is affixes from verb to adjective (-able, -ent, -ous, -ive, un +
xii
able, un + ably), which is 3,14%. The seventh is affixes from verb into verb (dis-,
en-, ex-, im-, re-, un-), which is 2,44%. The eighth is affixes from adjective into
adjective (-ish, im-, in-, -un), which is 2,09%. The ninth is affixes from adverb
into adverb (-theless), which is 1,05%. The tenth is affixes from adjective into
verb (-ify, -ize), which is 0,7%, and the last is affixes from noun into verb (-en),
which is 0,35%. Thirdly, there are some lexical categories in derivational process
of affixes. The researcher finds four lexicl categories in the derivational process of
affixes.
The lexical categories from verb into noun are 65 words, the lexical
categories verb into adjective are 12 words, the lexical categories from noun into
noun are 16 words, the lexical categories from noun into adjective are 67
categories, the lexical categories from noun into verb is 1 word, the lexical
categories from adjective into noun are 24 words, the lexical categories from
adjective into verb are 2 words, the lexical categories from adjective into adjective
are 6 word, the lexical categories froma djective into adverb are 79 words, the
lexical categories from adverb into adverb are 3 words, the lexical categories from
verb into verb are 7 words.
Key Words: Derivational affixes and lexical categories.
xiii