THE USE OFCONNOTATIVE MEANING DERIVED FROM DARWIS TERE LIYE’S QUOTES ON FACEBOOK.
THE USE OFCONNOTATIVE MEANING DERIVED FROM
DARWIS TERE LIYE’S QUOTES ON FACEBOOK
A THESIS
Submitted as in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree
of Sarjana Sastra
By:
RIZKA ZULHAINI
Registration Number:2113220035
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic
integrity. Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own word,
has been expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan,
The Writer
Rizka Zulhaini
2113220035
August 2015
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Great thanks and praise to the Almighty Allah SWT and The Prophet
Muhammad SAW who had blessed and given the ability to the write to complete
her thesis as the partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Sarjana
Sastra at the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University
of Medan.
This thesis would not have been possible without the guidance and the
help of several individuals who always contributed and extended their valuable
assistances in the preparation and completion of this thesis. The writer’s special
appreciation goes to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean Faculty of Language and Arts,
State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature
Department,Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department,
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English Education
Program and Syamsul Bahri, S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English NonEducational Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of
Medan.
Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S., as her Academic Advisor for helping,
guiding the writer in preparing and finishing this thesis.
ii
Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.Hum., as her Thesis Supervisor for
helping, guiding and giving his time in preparing and finishing this
thesis.
Dr. Anni H. Pulungan, M.Hum., Drs. Lidiman Sahat Martua Sinaga,
M.Hum., as her Thesis Examiners.
Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd., as the Administration Staff of English
Department.
Beloved parents, Dr. H. Jamaluddin, M.A., Almh. Khairani and
Tansa Trisna Sihombing, SpdI for the patience, the best affection, the
greatest prayer, financial support and taught the writer many worth things
in facing the life, and to her brother and sister: Atras Najwan and
Nabilah Alwani.
All her beloved friends in English Literature A and B 2011; Nita, Rina,
Neza, Riska Juli, and Buna for creating unforgettable moments. And
also Thanks for Mawa for their support, kindness, great love and care to
the writer, your kindness and praying means a lot to her and also Thanks
for someone for his support, advices and praying, even he is far from her,
but never forget in supporting her. And all people who direct and
indirectly contributed.
Medan, August 2015
The writer,
Rizka Zulhaini
iii
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Abstraction .......................................................................................................
i
Acknowledgement............................................................................................
ii
Table of Contents .............................................................................................
iv
List of Tables....................................................................................................
vii
List of Appendices ...........................................................................................
viii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................
1
A. The Background of the Study .....................................................................
1
B. The Problems of the Study ..........................................................................
5
C. The Objectives of the Study ........................................................................
5
D. The Scope of the Study ..............................................................................
6
E. The Significances of the Study ....................................................................
6
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE .............................................
8
A. Theoretical Framework ...............................................................................
8
1. Theory of Semantic ...............................................................................
9
2. Semantic Field .......................................................................................
10
3. Definition of Meaning ...........................................................................
11
4. Varieties of Meaning .............................................................................
12
5. Types of Meaning .................................................................................
14
a. Conceptual meaning ...........................................................................
14
b. Connotative Meaning .........................................................................
14
c. Social Meaning ...................................................................................
15
iv
d. Affective Meaning .............................................................................
15
e. Reflected Meaning .............................................................................
15
f. Collocative Meaning ...........................................................................
15
g. Thematic Meaning .............................................................................
16
6. Denotative and Connotative Meanings ..................................................
16
a. Denotation ..........................................................................................
16
b. Connotation ........................................................................................
17
7. Types of Connotative Meaning ..............................................................
20
8. Social Media...........................................................................................
22
9. Facebook ................................................................................................
27
10. Biography of the Author ......................................................................
28
B. Relevant Studies ..........................................................................................
29
C. Conceptual Framework ...............................................................................
31
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD .....................................................
33
A. Research Design ..........................................................................................
33
B. Source of Data and Data ..............................................................................
33
C. The Technique of Collecting Data ..............................................................
34
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data ..............................................................
34
CHAPTER IV. THE DATA AND THE DATA ANALYSIS .....................
36
A.The Data .......................................................................................................
36
B.Data Analysis ...............................................................................................
36
1. Types of Connotative Meaning ..............................................................
36
2. The Dominant Type of Connotative Meaning ........................................
39
v
C. Discussion ..................................................................................................
39
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................
41
A.Conclusion....................................................................................................
41
B.Suggestion ....................................................................................................
41
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................
42
APPENDIX
vi
LIST OF TABLE
Pages
Table 4.1 The Example of Positive Connotative Meaning ..............................
37
Table 4.2 The Example of Negative Connotative Meaning .............................
38
Table 4.3 The Occurances of Connotative Meaning........................................
39
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix I. Quotes ..........................................................................................
44
Appendix II. Analysis of Quotes ......................................................................
54
Appendix III. Interpretation of Quotes ............................................................
82
Appendix IV. Indicators of Connotative Meaning ...........................................
98
viii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix I. Quotes ..........................................................................................
44
Appendix II. Analysis of Quotes ......................................................................
54
Appendix III. Interpretation of Quotes ............................................................
82
Appendix IV. Indicators of Connotative Meaning ...........................................
98
iv
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Having analyzed the data, it was concluded that
1. There were two types of connotative meaning, namely positive and
negative. Not all of types of connotative meaning found in Darwis
Tere Liye’s quotes on facebook.
2. Positive of connotative meaning belongs to the dominant type in
Darwis Tere Liye’s quotes on facebook.
3. The use of positive of connotative meaning as the dominant type
because the words are made to make people feel good, treat them in
more pleasant way and try not to offend someone’s feeling and this is
the intension of Darwis Tere Liye as the author.
B. Suggestion
In relation to the discussion, it is suggested that
1. Theoretically
The findings of connotative meaning in Darwis Tere Liye’s quotes
should encourage reader in studying more about connotative meaning.
2. Practically for
English teacher,students and researchers who are interested in the issue
and then motivated to get more information and knowledge about
connotative meaning and also can be addition and comparison to the
theories
related
to
41
connotative
mean
42
REFERENCES
Ahmed, Fawzi Mazin. 2008. Approaches to Denotative and Conotative
Meaning in the Translations of the Holy Quran. Journal of Translation.
50 (3) 1-4.
Amin, Fahman. 2013. The Pragmatic Equivalence of the Implicature in the
English Translation of the Prophet Muhammad’s Joke. Yogyakarta:
State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga.
Aminuddin. 1988. Semantik. Bandung: Sinar Baru.
Buyer, Lisa. 2011. Social Media Defenition. USA: The Buyer Group
Chaer, Abdul. 1990. Pengantar Semantik Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka
Cipta
Cruse, Alan. 1997. A Glossary of Semantics and Pragmatics. Finland: Edinburgh
University Press.
Djoko, Kentjono. 1982. Dasar – Dasar Linguistik Umum. Jakarta: Fakultas
Sastra Universitas Indonesia.
Fikri, Ainul. 2015. What Is Linguistics. Pasuruan: Published.
Fromkin, Victoria. 2003. An Introduction to Language. United States: Wadsworth
H. Bloomer, Richard. 2014. Connotative Meaning and the Reading and Spelling
Difficulty of Words. Journal of Educational Research. 55 (3) 115-125.
Jackson, Howard and Ze’Amvela, Etienne. Words, Meaning and Vocabulary An
Introduction To Modern Lexicology. New York: British Library.
Jacob, Lucy. 2002. Introduction for Research in Education. United States of
America: Wadsworth Group.
Leech ,Geoffrey N. 1974. Semantics. Auxland: Penguin
Lepore, Ernest. 2013. Varieties of Meaning. The New Encyclopedia Britannica.
Chicago, USA: Encyclopedia Britannica.
Mulyana, Slamet. 1964. Semantik (Ilmu Makna).Jakarta :Jambatan.
43
Nicholas, Carlson.2010. At Last-The Full Story of How Facebook Was Founded.
USA: Business Insider.
Omar, Yousiff Zaghwani. 2012. The Challenges of Denotative and Connotative
Meaning for Second-Language Learners. Journal of Social Science. 69 (3)
233-253.
Pateda, Mansoer. 2001. Semantik Leksikal. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Reed, Thomas.R. Connotative Meaning of Social Interaction Concepts: An
Investigation of Factor Structure and the Effects of Imagined Contexts.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 24 (3) 306-312.
Saed, I.John. 1997. Semantics. New York: Forein Language Teaching and
Research Press.
Salim Ali, Salah. 2006. Connotation and Cross-Cultural Semantics. Journal of
Translation. 10 (4) 39-83.
Saragih, Farida Hanim. 2009. Connotative Meaning Relating Text and Picture in
Advertisements on Television. Medan: Universitas Negeri Medan.
Septiawati, Reny Putri. 2010. The Semantic Analysis of ‘Smell’ Terms in
Javanese. Semarang: Diponegoro University.
Tarigan, Guntur Henry. Prof. Dr. 1985. Pengajaran Semantik. Bandung:
Angkasa
Wood, G.C. 2011. Lecture Introduction to Semantics. New York: University
of Sheffield.
Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatik. Terjemahan oleh Fajar Wahyuni.Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.
DARWIS TERE LIYE’S QUOTES ON FACEBOOK
A THESIS
Submitted as in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree
of Sarjana Sastra
By:
RIZKA ZULHAINI
Registration Number:2113220035
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
DECLARATION
I have familiarized myself with the University’s Policy on Academic
integrity. Except where appropriately acknowledged, this thesis is my own word,
has been expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for
assessment.
I understand that this paper may be screened electronically or otherwise
for plagiarism.
Medan,
The Writer
Rizka Zulhaini
2113220035
August 2015
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Great thanks and praise to the Almighty Allah SWT and The Prophet
Muhammad SAW who had blessed and given the ability to the write to complete
her thesis as the partial fulfillment of the requirements for degree of Sarjana
Sastra at the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University
of Medan.
This thesis would not have been possible without the guidance and the
help of several individuals who always contributed and extended their valuable
assistances in the preparation and completion of this thesis. The writer’s special
appreciation goes to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean Faculty of Language and Arts,
State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature
Department,Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department,
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English Education
Program and Syamsul Bahri, S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English NonEducational Program, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of
Medan.
Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S., as her Academic Advisor for helping,
guiding the writer in preparing and finishing this thesis.
ii
Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.Hum., as her Thesis Supervisor for
helping, guiding and giving his time in preparing and finishing this
thesis.
Dr. Anni H. Pulungan, M.Hum., Drs. Lidiman Sahat Martua Sinaga,
M.Hum., as her Thesis Examiners.
Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd., as the Administration Staff of English
Department.
Beloved parents, Dr. H. Jamaluddin, M.A., Almh. Khairani and
Tansa Trisna Sihombing, SpdI for the patience, the best affection, the
greatest prayer, financial support and taught the writer many worth things
in facing the life, and to her brother and sister: Atras Najwan and
Nabilah Alwani.
All her beloved friends in English Literature A and B 2011; Nita, Rina,
Neza, Riska Juli, and Buna for creating unforgettable moments. And
also Thanks for Mawa for their support, kindness, great love and care to
the writer, your kindness and praying means a lot to her and also Thanks
for someone for his support, advices and praying, even he is far from her,
but never forget in supporting her. And all people who direct and
indirectly contributed.
Medan, August 2015
The writer,
Rizka Zulhaini
iii
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Abstraction .......................................................................................................
i
Acknowledgement............................................................................................
ii
Table of Contents .............................................................................................
iv
List of Tables....................................................................................................
vii
List of Appendices ...........................................................................................
viii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................
1
A. The Background of the Study .....................................................................
1
B. The Problems of the Study ..........................................................................
5
C. The Objectives of the Study ........................................................................
5
D. The Scope of the Study ..............................................................................
6
E. The Significances of the Study ....................................................................
6
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE .............................................
8
A. Theoretical Framework ...............................................................................
8
1. Theory of Semantic ...............................................................................
9
2. Semantic Field .......................................................................................
10
3. Definition of Meaning ...........................................................................
11
4. Varieties of Meaning .............................................................................
12
5. Types of Meaning .................................................................................
14
a. Conceptual meaning ...........................................................................
14
b. Connotative Meaning .........................................................................
14
c. Social Meaning ...................................................................................
15
iv
d. Affective Meaning .............................................................................
15
e. Reflected Meaning .............................................................................
15
f. Collocative Meaning ...........................................................................
15
g. Thematic Meaning .............................................................................
16
6. Denotative and Connotative Meanings ..................................................
16
a. Denotation ..........................................................................................
16
b. Connotation ........................................................................................
17
7. Types of Connotative Meaning ..............................................................
20
8. Social Media...........................................................................................
22
9. Facebook ................................................................................................
27
10. Biography of the Author ......................................................................
28
B. Relevant Studies ..........................................................................................
29
C. Conceptual Framework ...............................................................................
31
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHOD .....................................................
33
A. Research Design ..........................................................................................
33
B. Source of Data and Data ..............................................................................
33
C. The Technique of Collecting Data ..............................................................
34
D. The Technique of Analyzing Data ..............................................................
34
CHAPTER IV. THE DATA AND THE DATA ANALYSIS .....................
36
A.The Data .......................................................................................................
36
B.Data Analysis ...............................................................................................
36
1. Types of Connotative Meaning ..............................................................
36
2. The Dominant Type of Connotative Meaning ........................................
39
v
C. Discussion ..................................................................................................
39
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................
41
A.Conclusion....................................................................................................
41
B.Suggestion ....................................................................................................
41
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................
42
APPENDIX
vi
LIST OF TABLE
Pages
Table 4.1 The Example of Positive Connotative Meaning ..............................
37
Table 4.2 The Example of Negative Connotative Meaning .............................
38
Table 4.3 The Occurances of Connotative Meaning........................................
39
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix I. Quotes ..........................................................................................
44
Appendix II. Analysis of Quotes ......................................................................
54
Appendix III. Interpretation of Quotes ............................................................
82
Appendix IV. Indicators of Connotative Meaning ...........................................
98
viii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix I. Quotes ..........................................................................................
44
Appendix II. Analysis of Quotes ......................................................................
54
Appendix III. Interpretation of Quotes ............................................................
82
Appendix IV. Indicators of Connotative Meaning ...........................................
98
iv
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
Having analyzed the data, it was concluded that
1. There were two types of connotative meaning, namely positive and
negative. Not all of types of connotative meaning found in Darwis
Tere Liye’s quotes on facebook.
2. Positive of connotative meaning belongs to the dominant type in
Darwis Tere Liye’s quotes on facebook.
3. The use of positive of connotative meaning as the dominant type
because the words are made to make people feel good, treat them in
more pleasant way and try not to offend someone’s feeling and this is
the intension of Darwis Tere Liye as the author.
B. Suggestion
In relation to the discussion, it is suggested that
1. Theoretically
The findings of connotative meaning in Darwis Tere Liye’s quotes
should encourage reader in studying more about connotative meaning.
2. Practically for
English teacher,students and researchers who are interested in the issue
and then motivated to get more information and knowledge about
connotative meaning and also can be addition and comparison to the
theories
related
to
41
connotative
mean
42
REFERENCES
Ahmed, Fawzi Mazin. 2008. Approaches to Denotative and Conotative
Meaning in the Translations of the Holy Quran. Journal of Translation.
50 (3) 1-4.
Amin, Fahman. 2013. The Pragmatic Equivalence of the Implicature in the
English Translation of the Prophet Muhammad’s Joke. Yogyakarta:
State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga.
Aminuddin. 1988. Semantik. Bandung: Sinar Baru.
Buyer, Lisa. 2011. Social Media Defenition. USA: The Buyer Group
Chaer, Abdul. 1990. Pengantar Semantik Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka
Cipta
Cruse, Alan. 1997. A Glossary of Semantics and Pragmatics. Finland: Edinburgh
University Press.
Djoko, Kentjono. 1982. Dasar – Dasar Linguistik Umum. Jakarta: Fakultas
Sastra Universitas Indonesia.
Fikri, Ainul. 2015. What Is Linguistics. Pasuruan: Published.
Fromkin, Victoria. 2003. An Introduction to Language. United States: Wadsworth
H. Bloomer, Richard. 2014. Connotative Meaning and the Reading and Spelling
Difficulty of Words. Journal of Educational Research. 55 (3) 115-125.
Jackson, Howard and Ze’Amvela, Etienne. Words, Meaning and Vocabulary An
Introduction To Modern Lexicology. New York: British Library.
Jacob, Lucy. 2002. Introduction for Research in Education. United States of
America: Wadsworth Group.
Leech ,Geoffrey N. 1974. Semantics. Auxland: Penguin
Lepore, Ernest. 2013. Varieties of Meaning. The New Encyclopedia Britannica.
Chicago, USA: Encyclopedia Britannica.
Mulyana, Slamet. 1964. Semantik (Ilmu Makna).Jakarta :Jambatan.
43
Nicholas, Carlson.2010. At Last-The Full Story of How Facebook Was Founded.
USA: Business Insider.
Omar, Yousiff Zaghwani. 2012. The Challenges of Denotative and Connotative
Meaning for Second-Language Learners. Journal of Social Science. 69 (3)
233-253.
Pateda, Mansoer. 2001. Semantik Leksikal. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta
Reed, Thomas.R. Connotative Meaning of Social Interaction Concepts: An
Investigation of Factor Structure and the Effects of Imagined Contexts.
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 24 (3) 306-312.
Saed, I.John. 1997. Semantics. New York: Forein Language Teaching and
Research Press.
Salim Ali, Salah. 2006. Connotation and Cross-Cultural Semantics. Journal of
Translation. 10 (4) 39-83.
Saragih, Farida Hanim. 2009. Connotative Meaning Relating Text and Picture in
Advertisements on Television. Medan: Universitas Negeri Medan.
Septiawati, Reny Putri. 2010. The Semantic Analysis of ‘Smell’ Terms in
Javanese. Semarang: Diponegoro University.
Tarigan, Guntur Henry. Prof. Dr. 1985. Pengajaran Semantik. Bandung:
Angkasa
Wood, G.C. 2011. Lecture Introduction to Semantics. New York: University
of Sheffield.
Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatics. New York: Oxford University Press.
Yule, George. 1996. Pragmatik. Terjemahan oleh Fajar Wahyuni.Yogyakarta:
Pustaka Pelajar.