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THE ABILITY OF WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE
By
ARIF KUNDHORI
NIM 201132156
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2015
i
ii
THE ABILITY OF WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE
SKRIPSI
Presented to University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education
By
ARIF KUNDHORI
NIM 201132156
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2015
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto:
Dream, believe, and do it.
Don’t try to be a success man, but rather try to be a valuable man. (Albert
Einstein)
Dedication:
This skripsi is dedicated to:
The writer’s parents (Warsono and Sutinah).
The writer’s young brother (Andik).
The writer’s beloved friend Erin ASL.
The writer’s cousins, Antok, Pipit, Ajib.
Gun, Devita, Unyel, Ngor.
And all of writer’s friends who give support
and motivation.
iv
v
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The writer would like to express his high gratitude to Allah SWT for
blessing and guidance, so the writer can finish his skripsi entitled “The Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in
the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by using Cubing Technique”.
The writer wishes to express the writer’s deepest gratitude to those who
are directly or indirectly involved in completing this skripsi, they are:
1.
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2.
Diah Kurniati, S. Pd., M. Pd. as the head of English Education Department
and the writer’s first advisor who has already approved this research and
given a lot of guidance, suggestion, and motivation in the completion of this
research.
3.
Rusiana, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the writer’s second advisor who has patiently and
kindly given valuable guidance, advice, as well as encouragement in
completing this research.
4.
All of the lecturers and staffs of English Education Department Teacher
Training and Education Faculty who help the writer in finishing this research.
5.
Suharyanto, S.Pd. as the Headmaster of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the
permission and helps.
6.
Dra. Sudriningsih as the English teacher of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the
suggestion in the process of collecting data.
vii
7.
Retna Sri Mulyani, S. Pd. as the English teacher of class VIIIF of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati for the support and guidance in the process of collecting data
of this skripsi.
8.
All of the students of class VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in Academic
Year 2015/2016 for the great cooperation and participation.
9.
The writer’s beloved parents, Warsono and Sutinah, and also the writer’s
brother, Andik Kurniawan for giving prayer and spirit.
10. The writer’s beloved friend, Erin ASL.
11. All of the writer’s friends who give support and motivation.
12. Anyone that can not be mentioned directly or indirectly who has help the
writer in completing this research.
The writer would like to express her sincerest gratitude to the readers for
some critics and suggestions. Hopefully this skripsi will be useful for everyone.
Pati, 29 August 2015
Arif Kundhori
viii
ABSTRACT
Kundhori, Arif. 2015. The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016
Taught by Using Cubing Technique. Skripsi. English Education
Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Muria Kudus
University. Advisor Lecturer: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)
Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.
Key Words: Listening and Listen and Draw
Writing becomes one of the significant problems for the eighth graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, they still have difficulties in understanding together
among vocabulary, grammar, meaning, and genres. In teaching writing, the
teacher must choose an appropriate technique which is suitable on the student’s
condition. When the teacher asks the students to write or describe their ideas
about something, most of students got confused because writing is one of
complicated skill for the students especially in writing descriptive text. So, it
makes their writing ability is still not good yet. Therefore, the writer used an
English teaching technique called Cubing Technique to solve the problems.
The purpose of this research is to find out whether or not there is a
significant difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by
Using Cubing Technique.
The design of this research was experimental research. The writer used
one group with pre – test and post – test. The population of the research was the
eighth graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016. The
writer used cluster random sampling technique to take the sample. Then, the
writer got VIIIF with total number of students is 22. The instrument used by the
writer was written test.
The result shows that the post – test is “good” with the mean is 81.72 and
the standard deviation is 7. It is higher than the pre – test with the mean is 51.31,
but the standard deviation is 14.58 because the width interval (i) = 9 was higher
on pre – test than the width interval (i) = 5 on post – test, and the pre – test can be
classified as “poor”. The hypothesis of this research states that there is significant
difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the eighth graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016 before and after taught
by using cubing technique. From the calculation of t-test, the t-obtained was 13.87
and t-critical was ±2.080 with the level of significance (α) 0.05 and degree of
freedom was 21. The t-obtained was higher than t-critical. Therefore, the writer
rejected �0 (null hypothesis) and accept �� (alternative hypothesis) because �0
fall in the critical region.
Based on the result, the writer give suggestion to the teacher to apply
cubing technique to help the students’ problem in writing, especially on
ix
descriptive material. It also can be solution for English teachers as an alternative /
manual technique in other skill; listening, reading, speaking.
x
ABSTRAK
Kundhori, Arif. 2015. Kemampuan Siswa Kelas Delapan SMP N 01 Margorejo
Pati dalam Menulis Teks Deskripsi Diajarkan Menggunakan Tehnik
Cubing Technique pada Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 . Skripsi. Pendidikan
Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas
Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)
Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan Menulis Teks Deskriptif dan Cubing Technique
Menulis menjadi salah satu masalah yang signifikan untuk murid kelas
VIIIF SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, mereka masih mengalami kesulitan untuk
memahami secara bersamaan antara kosa kata, tata bahasa, arti, dan ragam tulisan.
Dalam pengajaran menulis, seorang guru harus bias memilih tehnik yang sesuai
dengan kondisi seorang murid. Ketika guru meminta siswa untuk menulis atau
mendeskripsikan idenya tentang sesuatu, sebagian besar para siswa masih bingung
karena menulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang rumit bagi siswa
khususnya dalam menulis deskripsi. Jadi, hal tersebut membuat kemampuan
menulis mereka masih belum baik. Oleh karena itu, penulis menggunakan teknik
pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang disebut Cubing Technique untuk mengatasi
permasalahan tersebut.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari apakah ada atau tidak
perbedaan signifikan antara kemampuan menulis teks deskripsi dari murid kelas
VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah
diajar menggunakan Cubing Technique.
Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Penulis
menggunakan grup tunggal dengan pre –test dan post – test. Populasi diambil dari
kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Penulis
menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling untuk mengambil sampel. Dan
penulis mendapatkan kelas VIIIF dengan jumlah siswa 22. Instrumen yang
digunakan berupa soal tes tertulis.
Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa post – tes tergolong “bagus”
dengan nilai rata-rata 81.72 dan deviasi standar 7. Lebih tinggi dari pre – tes
dengan nilai rata-rata 51.31, akan tetapi deviasi standarnya 14.58 karena interval
tengah di pre –tes 9 lebih tinggi dari interval tengah di post –tes 5, dan pre – tes
tergolong “jelek”. Hipotesis penelitian ini menyatakan ada perbedaan signifikan
antara kemampuan menulis deskripsi siswa kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah diajar menggunakan Cubing
Technique. Dari perhitungan t-test, t-obtained diketahui 13.87 dan t-critical
±2.080 dengan level signifikan (α) 0.05 dan degree of freedom 21. T-obtained
lebih besar dari t-critical. Jadi, penulis menolak �0 (null hypothesis) dan
menerima �� (alternative hypothesis) karena �0 (t-obtained) jatuh di daerah kritis.
xi
Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penulis member saran kepada guru untuk
menerapkan cubing tehnik untuk membantu kesulitan siswa dalam keterampilan
menulis khususnya untuk menulis teks deskripsi. Juga bisa menjadi solusi
alternatif / teknik manual untuk keterampilan yang lain; mendengarkan, membaca,
berbicara.
xii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ...........................................................................................................
LOGO ..............................................................................................................
TITLE .............................................................................................................
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL .........................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
ix
xi
xiii
xvii
xviii
xix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION................................................................... 1
1.1
Background of the Research ................................................................. 1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ...................................................................... 3
1.3
Objective of the Research ..................................................................... 3
1.4
Significance of the Research ................................................................. 3
1.5
Scope of the Research ........................................................................... 4
1.6
Operational Definition .......................................................................... 4
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE
AND HYPOTHESIS ...................................................................................... 5
2.1
Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ....................................... 5
2.2
Curriculum of Language Teaching in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ............ 5
2.3
The Material of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati .............. 6
xiii
2.4
The Method of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. .............. 7
2.5
Writing as Language Skill. ........................................................................ 8
2.6
Component of Writing. .............................................................................. 9
2.7
Genre. ......................................................................................................... 9
2.8
Characteristic of Descriptive...................................................................... 12
2.9
Technique of Teaching Writing. ................................................................ 13
2.10 Cubing Technique. ..................................................................................... 15
2.11 The Advantages of Cubing Technique....................................................... 16
2.12 Steps of Using Cubing Technique ............................................................. 16
2.13 Previous Research ...................................................................................... 18
2.14 Theoretical Framework. ............................................................................. 18
2.15 Hypothesis. ................................................................................................. 19
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH ...................................... 20
3.1
Design of the Research. ............................................................................. 20
3.2
Population and Sample. ............................................................................. 21
3.3
Instrument of the Research. ....................................................................... 22
3.4
Procedure of Data Collection. .................................................................... 24
3.5
Data Analysis. ............................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH ....................................... 29
4.1
Finding of the Research ......................................................................... 29
xiv
4.1.1 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before
Taught by Using Cubing Technique ...................................................... 30
4.1.2 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After
Taught by Using Cubing Technique ........................................................ 33
4.1.3 The Significance Different of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text
of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Aceaddemic year 2015/2016 Before and After Taught by Using
Cubing Technique.................................................................................... 36
4.2
Hypothesis Testing ................................................................................ 36
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ......................................................................... 39
5.1
The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before
Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 39
5.2
The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 After
Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 40
5.3
The Significant Difference Between The Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before and After Being Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 41
xv
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 43
6.1
Conclusion ............................................................................................. 43
6.2
Suggestion ............................................................................................. 43
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
STATEMENT.................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................
xvi
45
47
81
82
LIST OF TABLES
Page
3.1
The Scoring Guidance of Writing ......................................................... 23
3.2
The Criteria of Scoring the Students’ Writing Ability .......................... 24
4.1
The Score of Pre-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of
the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 30
4.2
The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique ............................................................................................. 31
4.3
The Score of Post-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of
the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 33
4.4
The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique .............................................................................................. 34
4.5
The Summary of T-test Result of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......... 37
xvii
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
2.1
Cubing Technique.................................................................................. 15
4.1
The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique .............................................................................................. 32
4.2
The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing
Technique
4.3
.......................................................................................... 35
The Sampling Distribution of T-test ...................................................... 38
xviii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
1
Syllabus ................................................................................................ 47
2
Lesson Plan ............................................................................................ 50
3
The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year
2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique ....................... 68
4
The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 69
5
The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year
2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......................... 71
6
The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 72
7
The t-test Calculation Pre-test and Post-test of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 ............... 74
8
The Students of VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 ..................................................................................... 76
xix
9
t Table
.......................................................................................... 77
10
Pre-test
.......................................................................................... 78
11
Post-test
.......................................................................................... 79
14
Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan .............................................................. 80
15
Permohonan Ujian Skripsi ..................................................................... 81
xx
OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE
By
ARIF KUNDHORI
NIM 201132156
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2015
i
ii
THE ABILITY OF WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT
OF THE EIGHTH GRADERS OF SMP N 01 MARGOREJO PATI
IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2015/2016
TAUGHT BY USING CUBING TECHNIQUE
SKRIPSI
Presented to University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Completing the Sarjana Program in English Education
By
ARIF KUNDHORI
NIM 201132156
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MURIA KUDUS
2015
iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Motto:
Dream, believe, and do it.
Don’t try to be a success man, but rather try to be a valuable man. (Albert
Einstein)
Dedication:
This skripsi is dedicated to:
The writer’s parents (Warsono and Sutinah).
The writer’s young brother (Andik).
The writer’s beloved friend Erin ASL.
The writer’s cousins, Antok, Pipit, Ajib.
Gun, Devita, Unyel, Ngor.
And all of writer’s friends who give support
and motivation.
iv
v
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The writer would like to express his high gratitude to Allah SWT for
blessing and guidance, so the writer can finish his skripsi entitled “The Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in
the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by using Cubing Technique”.
The writer wishes to express the writer’s deepest gratitude to those who
are directly or indirectly involved in completing this skripsi, they are:
1.
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd. as the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2.
Diah Kurniati, S. Pd., M. Pd. as the head of English Education Department
and the writer’s first advisor who has already approved this research and
given a lot of guidance, suggestion, and motivation in the completion of this
research.
3.
Rusiana, S.Pd, M.Pd. as the writer’s second advisor who has patiently and
kindly given valuable guidance, advice, as well as encouragement in
completing this research.
4.
All of the lecturers and staffs of English Education Department Teacher
Training and Education Faculty who help the writer in finishing this research.
5.
Suharyanto, S.Pd. as the Headmaster of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the
permission and helps.
6.
Dra. Sudriningsih as the English teacher of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati for the
suggestion in the process of collecting data.
vii
7.
Retna Sri Mulyani, S. Pd. as the English teacher of class VIIIF of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati for the support and guidance in the process of collecting data
of this skripsi.
8.
All of the students of class VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in Academic
Year 2015/2016 for the great cooperation and participation.
9.
The writer’s beloved parents, Warsono and Sutinah, and also the writer’s
brother, Andik Kurniawan for giving prayer and spirit.
10. The writer’s beloved friend, Erin ASL.
11. All of the writer’s friends who give support and motivation.
12. Anyone that can not be mentioned directly or indirectly who has help the
writer in completing this research.
The writer would like to express her sincerest gratitude to the readers for
some critics and suggestions. Hopefully this skripsi will be useful for everyone.
Pati, 29 August 2015
Arif Kundhori
viii
ABSTRACT
Kundhori, Arif. 2015. The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016
Taught by Using Cubing Technique. Skripsi. English Education
Department. Teacher Training and Education Faculty. Muria Kudus
University. Advisor Lecturer: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)
Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.
Key Words: Listening and Listen and Draw
Writing becomes one of the significant problems for the eighth graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, they still have difficulties in understanding together
among vocabulary, grammar, meaning, and genres. In teaching writing, the
teacher must choose an appropriate technique which is suitable on the student’s
condition. When the teacher asks the students to write or describe their ideas
about something, most of students got confused because writing is one of
complicated skill for the students especially in writing descriptive text. So, it
makes their writing ability is still not good yet. Therefore, the writer used an
English teaching technique called Cubing Technique to solve the problems.
The purpose of this research is to find out whether or not there is a
significant difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught by
Using Cubing Technique.
The design of this research was experimental research. The writer used
one group with pre – test and post – test. The population of the research was the
eighth graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016. The
writer used cluster random sampling technique to take the sample. Then, the
writer got VIIIF with total number of students is 22. The instrument used by the
writer was written test.
The result shows that the post – test is “good” with the mean is 81.72 and
the standard deviation is 7. It is higher than the pre – test with the mean is 51.31,
but the standard deviation is 14.58 because the width interval (i) = 9 was higher
on pre – test than the width interval (i) = 5 on post – test, and the pre – test can be
classified as “poor”. The hypothesis of this research states that there is significant
difference between the ability of writing descriptive text of the eighth graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the academic year 2015/2016 before and after taught
by using cubing technique. From the calculation of t-test, the t-obtained was 13.87
and t-critical was ±2.080 with the level of significance (α) 0.05 and degree of
freedom was 21. The t-obtained was higher than t-critical. Therefore, the writer
rejected �0 (null hypothesis) and accept �� (alternative hypothesis) because �0
fall in the critical region.
Based on the result, the writer give suggestion to the teacher to apply
cubing technique to help the students’ problem in writing, especially on
ix
descriptive material. It also can be solution for English teachers as an alternative /
manual technique in other skill; listening, reading, speaking.
x
ABSTRAK
Kundhori, Arif. 2015. Kemampuan Siswa Kelas Delapan SMP N 01 Margorejo
Pati dalam Menulis Teks Deskripsi Diajarkan Menggunakan Tehnik
Cubing Technique pada Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 . Skripsi. Pendidikan
Bahasa Inggris. Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan. Universitas
Muria Kudus. Dosen Pembimbing: (1) Diah Kurniati S.Pd., M.Pd., (II)
Rusiana S.Pd., M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: Kemampuan Menulis Teks Deskriptif dan Cubing Technique
Menulis menjadi salah satu masalah yang signifikan untuk murid kelas
VIIIF SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati, mereka masih mengalami kesulitan untuk
memahami secara bersamaan antara kosa kata, tata bahasa, arti, dan ragam tulisan.
Dalam pengajaran menulis, seorang guru harus bias memilih tehnik yang sesuai
dengan kondisi seorang murid. Ketika guru meminta siswa untuk menulis atau
mendeskripsikan idenya tentang sesuatu, sebagian besar para siswa masih bingung
karena menulis merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang rumit bagi siswa
khususnya dalam menulis deskripsi. Jadi, hal tersebut membuat kemampuan
menulis mereka masih belum baik. Oleh karena itu, penulis menggunakan teknik
pengajaran Bahasa Inggris yang disebut Cubing Technique untuk mengatasi
permasalahan tersebut.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari apakah ada atau tidak
perbedaan signifikan antara kemampuan menulis teks deskripsi dari murid kelas
VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah
diajar menggunakan Cubing Technique.
Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental. Penulis
menggunakan grup tunggal dengan pre –test dan post – test. Populasi diambil dari
kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati pada tahun ajaran 2015/2016. Penulis
menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling untuk mengambil sampel. Dan
penulis mendapatkan kelas VIIIF dengan jumlah siswa 22. Instrumen yang
digunakan berupa soal tes tertulis.
Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa post – tes tergolong “bagus”
dengan nilai rata-rata 81.72 dan deviasi standar 7. Lebih tinggi dari pre – tes
dengan nilai rata-rata 51.31, akan tetapi deviasi standarnya 14.58 karena interval
tengah di pre –tes 9 lebih tinggi dari interval tengah di post –tes 5, dan pre – tes
tergolong “jelek”. Hipotesis penelitian ini menyatakan ada perbedaan signifikan
antara kemampuan menulis deskripsi siswa kelas VIII SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
tahun ajaran 2015/2016 sebelum dan setelah diajar menggunakan Cubing
Technique. Dari perhitungan t-test, t-obtained diketahui 13.87 dan t-critical
±2.080 dengan level signifikan (α) 0.05 dan degree of freedom 21. T-obtained
lebih besar dari t-critical. Jadi, penulis menolak �0 (null hypothesis) dan
menerima �� (alternative hypothesis) karena �0 (t-obtained) jatuh di daerah kritis.
xi
Berdasarkan hasil diatas, penulis member saran kepada guru untuk
menerapkan cubing tehnik untuk membantu kesulitan siswa dalam keterampilan
menulis khususnya untuk menulis teks deskripsi. Juga bisa menjadi solusi
alternatif / teknik manual untuk keterampilan yang lain; mendengarkan, membaca,
berbicara.
xii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER ...........................................................................................................
LOGO ..............................................................................................................
TITLE .............................................................................................................
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL .........................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ...............................................................................
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
ABSTRAK ......................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...............................................................................
LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................
LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................
LIST OF APPENDICES .................................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
ix
xi
xiii
xvii
xviii
xix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION................................................................... 1
1.1
Background of the Research ................................................................. 1
1.2
Statement of the Problem ...................................................................... 3
1.3
Objective of the Research ..................................................................... 3
1.4
Significance of the Research ................................................................. 3
1.5
Scope of the Research ........................................................................... 4
1.6
Operational Definition .......................................................................... 4
CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE
AND HYPOTHESIS ...................................................................................... 5
2.1
Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ....................................... 5
2.2
Curriculum of Language Teaching in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. ............ 5
2.3
The Material of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati .............. 6
xiii
2.4
The Method of Teaching English in SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati. .............. 7
2.5
Writing as Language Skill. ........................................................................ 8
2.6
Component of Writing. .............................................................................. 9
2.7
Genre. ......................................................................................................... 9
2.8
Characteristic of Descriptive...................................................................... 12
2.9
Technique of Teaching Writing. ................................................................ 13
2.10 Cubing Technique. ..................................................................................... 15
2.11 The Advantages of Cubing Technique....................................................... 16
2.12 Steps of Using Cubing Technique ............................................................. 16
2.13 Previous Research ...................................................................................... 18
2.14 Theoretical Framework. ............................................................................. 18
2.15 Hypothesis. ................................................................................................. 19
CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH ...................................... 20
3.1
Design of the Research. ............................................................................. 20
3.2
Population and Sample. ............................................................................. 21
3.3
Instrument of the Research. ....................................................................... 22
3.4
Procedure of Data Collection. .................................................................... 24
3.5
Data Analysis. ............................................................................................ 25
CHAPTER IV FINDING OF THE RESEARCH ....................................... 29
4.1
Finding of the Research ......................................................................... 29
xiv
4.1.1 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before
Taught by Using Cubing Technique ...................................................... 30
4.1.2 The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After
Taught by Using Cubing Technique ........................................................ 33
4.1.3 The Significance Different of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text
of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Aceaddemic year 2015/2016 Before and After Taught by Using
Cubing Technique.................................................................................... 36
4.2
Hypothesis Testing ................................................................................ 36
CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ......................................................................... 39
5.1
The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before
Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 39
5.2
The Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in The Academic Year 2015/2016 After
Being Taught By Using Cubing Technique .......................................... 40
5.3
The Significant Difference Between The Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of The Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in The Academic Year 2015/2016 Before and After Being Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 41
xv
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ............................... 43
6.1
Conclusion ............................................................................................. 43
6.2
Suggestion ............................................................................................. 43
BIBLIOGRAPHY ..........................................................................................
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
STATEMENT.................................................................................................
CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................
xvi
45
47
81
82
LIST OF TABLES
Page
3.1
The Scoring Guidance of Writing ......................................................... 23
3.2
The Criteria of Scoring the Students’ Writing Ability .......................... 24
4.1
The Score of Pre-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of
the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 30
4.2
The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique ............................................................................................. 31
4.3
The Score of Post-Test of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of
the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique .............. 33
4.4
The Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique .............................................................................................. 34
4.5
The Summary of T-test Result of the Ability of Writing Descriptive
Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the
Academic Year 2015/2016 Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......... 37
xvii
LIST OF FIGURES
Page
2.1
Cubing Technique.................................................................................. 15
4.1
The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing
Technique .............................................................................................. 32
4.2
The Bar Chart of Frequency Distribution of the Ability of Writing
Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati
in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing
Technique
4.3
.......................................................................................... 35
The Sampling Distribution of T-test ...................................................... 38
xviii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
1
Syllabus ................................................................................................ 47
2
Lesson Plan ............................................................................................ 50
3
The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year
2015/2016 Before Taught By Using Cubing Technique ....................... 68
4
The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 Before Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 69
5
The Score of the Ability of Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth
Graders of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year
2015/2016 After Taught By Using Cubing Technique ......................... 71
6
The Calculation of Mean and Standard Deviation of the Ability of
Writing Descriptive Text of the Eighth Graders of SMP N 01
Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 After Taught By
Using Cubing Technique ....................................................................... 72
7
The t-test Calculation Pre-test and Post-test of the Eighth Graders of
SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic Year 2015/2016 ............... 74
8
The Students of VIIIF of SMP N 01 Margorejo Pati in the Academic
Year 2015/2016 ..................................................................................... 76
xix
9
t Table
.......................................................................................... 77
10
Pre-test
.......................................................................................... 78
11
Post-test
.......................................................................................... 79
14
Keterangan Selesai Bimbingan .............................................................. 80
15
Permohonan Ujian Skripsi ..................................................................... 81
xx