B2. Bambang Sub-final Development of Bio Energy in Indonesia- A case of Sweet Sorghum as Prospective Raw Material
Development of Bio Energy in
Indonesia: A case of Sweet
Sorghum as Prospective Raw
Material
Bambang Subiyanto1), Kimihiro Tanaka2),
Tsuyoshi Tokunaga2), Yukio Kawamoto3),
Fumihiko Sugiyama4), and Katsuji Ikehata4).
1) Deputy Chairman for Scientific Services – LIPI; 2)
Ash Note Co. Ltd; 3) Supper Sorghum Japan, Co.ltd.;
4) SOL Holdings, Co.ltd
Indonesian National Stakeholders Workshop on Accessible
and affordable Sustainable Energy
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
SUPER SWEET SPRGHUM
FIELD TEST IN INDONESIA
ADVANTAGES AND
BUSINESS MODEL
INTRODUCTION
•
Population: 273,2 million in 2025
– Energy demand and consumption
• Rice: 35.5 mil. Ton (2025)
• Electricity: 12 billion
kWH/capita/year
• Drinking water:4,900 billion
– Waste (191.9 million metric
ton of agriculture waste,
2008)
– Biodiversity
• Decreasing quality and
quantity of natural resources
• Improving the People’s Welfare
Welfare
Natural
resources
Indonesia Essential Issue
• Social
developme
nt
• Clustering
Pro
poor
Pro
Job
•Decent job
•Competency
&
productivity
Welfare
improveme
nt Pro
• New and
renewable
energy
• Green
products
Pro
Env.
growt
h
•Macromicro
stability
•Sector’s
linkages
•Social
protection
2010 -2014
•Ave. growth: 6.3 – 6.8 %
•Ave. Inflation: 4 – 6%
•Employment growth: 5-6 % (2014)
•Poverty rate: 8-10% (2014)
(Suhermanto, 2011)
Innovation Need for Indonesia
P
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
Food: feed for
cow,
Energy:
Bioethanol
Forest: Fiber,
Particle, pellet
So
luti
on Super
Sweet
Sorghum
Possibility of Super Sweet Sorghum Utilization
Leaf and
top
Sorghu
m
Wood
industries
(fiber board,
particleboard,
pulp and
paper)
Feed of cow
Food
Bio pellet
Bagasse
Stem
Juice
Power plant
Drinking syrup
Energy
Molasse
Bioethanol
Why sweet sorghum?
• Originally from tropical country (Ethiopia)
• Very sensitive to sun shine and rain
• Need length of sunshine more than 12
hours
• Optimum pH of soil: 5.5 to 9
Map of Degree of Fitness for Super Sweet Sorghum Plantation in
Indonesia
Level of Agro-climatic
Suitability for Sorghum
Level of Suitability
High suitability
Medium suitability
Low suitability
Not suitability
Note:
Super Sweet Sorghum field test in Indonesia
Data at One-time Harvesting of Strain B *This expected amount of Ethanol is using data of Average Brix
Super Sorghum grow very fast in low latitude area; 150 days harvesting type
Super Sorghum can be harvested in 90days.
Surabaya/Pasuruan
Lampung
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
13.4
12.6
225
8,625
PRODUCTION OF
LOCAL SWEET
SORGHUM ONLY
100t/year/ha
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
16.1
14.1
205
8,800
Yogyakarta
Cibinong
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
12.3
10.8
226
7,433
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
11.1
10.1
240
7,382
Sorghum in Indonesia
5m
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
1.2 M
1.6 M
Week 5
2,0 M
Week 7
Week 6
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Harvest times
The Difference between
Super Sorghum and Indonesian Sorghum in P3GI Pasuruan
4.5 M
Sorghum
Indonesia
Super
Sorghum
Sorghum Indonesia 133 day, Super Sorghum have
grown up to 4.5M 90 days
Yearly Result of Super Sorghum test in Cibinong
Strain B
82t
148t
143t
87t
200t
Strain A
230t
Strain B
ADVANTAGES AND BUSINESS
MODEL
ADVANTAGES
(Calculation of Biomass)
Leaf and top
(100 -150 ton)
25
%
Sorghum
(400 – 600
ton)
75
%
Volume of
bagasse (180 –
270 m3)
Density: 0.5
30%
Bagasse
(90 – 135 ton)
Stem
(300-450 ton)
70%
Juice
(210 – 315
ton)
Standing tree volume (m 3/ha)
300
250
Biomass of
sweet
sorghum
200
150
100
50
0
0
1
2
3
4
Stand age (yr)
5
6
7
Business model of Super Sorghum in Indonesia
The following is Business mode of Super Sorghum in Indonesia.
The data is based on the test result with Indonesian Institute of Sciences(LIPI) and our group.
We have confidence to achieve 430 tons biomass yield in Indonesia.
Product
Case of Bio-ethanol
Sugar Yield
29.8 ton
Case of Molasses
Case of HFCS
430ton
Super Sorghum(Cultivar A)
100,250 plants per 1ha
Bio Refinery
Harvest 3time per year
Bioethanol
:60,000
Liter/year/ha
)
Case of Silage
Bagasse
Bio-ethanol
17,700 liter/ha/year
High-test Molasses(65%)
45.8ton/ha/year
High Fructose Content Syrup
38.3ton/ha/year
and
Silage
183.8ton/ha/year
204.25 ton
Leaf and Head residue weight -> 107.5 ton/ha
Steam weight after juice -> 96.75 ton/ha
In house power generation
Indonesia: A case of Sweet
Sorghum as Prospective Raw
Material
Bambang Subiyanto1), Kimihiro Tanaka2),
Tsuyoshi Tokunaga2), Yukio Kawamoto3),
Fumihiko Sugiyama4), and Katsuji Ikehata4).
1) Deputy Chairman for Scientific Services – LIPI; 2)
Ash Note Co. Ltd; 3) Supper Sorghum Japan, Co.ltd.;
4) SOL Holdings, Co.ltd
Indonesian National Stakeholders Workshop on Accessible
and affordable Sustainable Energy
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
SUPER SWEET SPRGHUM
FIELD TEST IN INDONESIA
ADVANTAGES AND
BUSINESS MODEL
INTRODUCTION
•
Population: 273,2 million in 2025
– Energy demand and consumption
• Rice: 35.5 mil. Ton (2025)
• Electricity: 12 billion
kWH/capita/year
• Drinking water:4,900 billion
– Waste (191.9 million metric
ton of agriculture waste,
2008)
– Biodiversity
• Decreasing quality and
quantity of natural resources
• Improving the People’s Welfare
Welfare
Natural
resources
Indonesia Essential Issue
• Social
developme
nt
• Clustering
Pro
poor
Pro
Job
•Decent job
•Competency
&
productivity
Welfare
improveme
nt Pro
• New and
renewable
energy
• Green
products
Pro
Env.
growt
h
•Macromicro
stability
•Sector’s
linkages
•Social
protection
2010 -2014
•Ave. growth: 6.3 – 6.8 %
•Ave. Inflation: 4 – 6%
•Employment growth: 5-6 % (2014)
•Poverty rate: 8-10% (2014)
(Suhermanto, 2011)
Innovation Need for Indonesia
P
r
o
b
l
e
m
s
Food: feed for
cow,
Energy:
Bioethanol
Forest: Fiber,
Particle, pellet
So
luti
on Super
Sweet
Sorghum
Possibility of Super Sweet Sorghum Utilization
Leaf and
top
Sorghu
m
Wood
industries
(fiber board,
particleboard,
pulp and
paper)
Feed of cow
Food
Bio pellet
Bagasse
Stem
Juice
Power plant
Drinking syrup
Energy
Molasse
Bioethanol
Why sweet sorghum?
• Originally from tropical country (Ethiopia)
• Very sensitive to sun shine and rain
• Need length of sunshine more than 12
hours
• Optimum pH of soil: 5.5 to 9
Map of Degree of Fitness for Super Sweet Sorghum Plantation in
Indonesia
Level of Agro-climatic
Suitability for Sorghum
Level of Suitability
High suitability
Medium suitability
Low suitability
Not suitability
Note:
Super Sweet Sorghum field test in Indonesia
Data at One-time Harvesting of Strain B *This expected amount of Ethanol is using data of Average Brix
Super Sorghum grow very fast in low latitude area; 150 days harvesting type
Super Sorghum can be harvested in 90days.
Surabaya/Pasuruan
Lampung
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
13.4
12.6
225
8,625
PRODUCTION OF
LOCAL SWEET
SORGHUM ONLY
100t/year/ha
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
16.1
14.1
205
8,800
Yogyakarta
Cibinong
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
12.3
10.8
226
7,433
Max Brix
(%)
Average Brix
(%)
biomass
(t/ha)
ethanol yield
(L/ha)
11.1
10.1
240
7,382
Sorghum in Indonesia
5m
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
1.2 M
1.6 M
Week 5
2,0 M
Week 7
Week 6
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Trial Plantation of Super Sorghum in LIPI Cibinong
Harvest times
The Difference between
Super Sorghum and Indonesian Sorghum in P3GI Pasuruan
4.5 M
Sorghum
Indonesia
Super
Sorghum
Sorghum Indonesia 133 day, Super Sorghum have
grown up to 4.5M 90 days
Yearly Result of Super Sorghum test in Cibinong
Strain B
82t
148t
143t
87t
200t
Strain A
230t
Strain B
ADVANTAGES AND BUSINESS
MODEL
ADVANTAGES
(Calculation of Biomass)
Leaf and top
(100 -150 ton)
25
%
Sorghum
(400 – 600
ton)
75
%
Volume of
bagasse (180 –
270 m3)
Density: 0.5
30%
Bagasse
(90 – 135 ton)
Stem
(300-450 ton)
70%
Juice
(210 – 315
ton)
Standing tree volume (m 3/ha)
300
250
Biomass of
sweet
sorghum
200
150
100
50
0
0
1
2
3
4
Stand age (yr)
5
6
7
Business model of Super Sorghum in Indonesia
The following is Business mode of Super Sorghum in Indonesia.
The data is based on the test result with Indonesian Institute of Sciences(LIPI) and our group.
We have confidence to achieve 430 tons biomass yield in Indonesia.
Product
Case of Bio-ethanol
Sugar Yield
29.8 ton
Case of Molasses
Case of HFCS
430ton
Super Sorghum(Cultivar A)
100,250 plants per 1ha
Bio Refinery
Harvest 3time per year
Bioethanol
:60,000
Liter/year/ha
)
Case of Silage
Bagasse
Bio-ethanol
17,700 liter/ha/year
High-test Molasses(65%)
45.8ton/ha/year
High Fructose Content Syrup
38.3ton/ha/year
and
Silage
183.8ton/ha/year
204.25 ton
Leaf and Head residue weight -> 107.5 ton/ha
Steam weight after juice -> 96.75 ton/ha
In house power generation