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THE THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF READING TEXTS
IN LOOK AHEAD 2 AN ENGLISH COURSE SCIENCE AND SOCIAL
STUDY PROGRAM FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE XI
By
NICA BETARI NIRWANA
NIM 200832320
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2012
THE THEMATIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE READING TEXTS
IN LOOK AHEAD 2 AN ENGLISH COURSE SCIENCE AND SOCIAL
STUDY PROGRAM FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL GRADE XI
SKRIPSI
Presented to
Muria Kudus University
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program
in English Education
By:
NICA BETARI NIRWANA
NIM 2008-32-320
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2012
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Tujuan satu-satunya kita hidup di dunia adalah untuk saling menyayangi, jika kita tak bisa melakukannya maka jangan menyakiti (Dalai Lama)
Jika tak bisa memberi maka jangan mengambil hak orang lain. Jika tak bisa memuji maka jangan melecehkannya (M. Quraish Shihab)
Bersabarlah dengan segala hal. Namun yang terpenting bersabarlah dengan dirimu sendiri (anonymous)
I dedicate my Skripsi to: My father R.I.P Moh Zaeni
- My tough mother who treats me cuddly and gives me the best things ever since
- child
People who love, support and pray for me
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Alhamdulillahirobbilalamin, glory to Allah SWT the Almighty and the most gracious also merciful that blesses me with health and huge passion in accomplishing the skripsi entitled “Thematic Development of Reading texts in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI”.
However, the completion this skripsi could not be achieved with no assistance of others. So I would like to say my gratitude to:
1. Drs. SusiloRahardjo, M.Pd., as Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University.
2. Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S. M.Pd., as the Head English Education Department Teacher Training and Education Faculty Muria Kudus University and as the second advisor who has given the contributive critics during the completion of this skripsi.
3. Nuraeningsih, S.Pd. M.Pd., as the first advisor who has approved this skripsi and given a lot of guidance in the completion of this skripsi.
4. My lovely parents, R.I.P MohZaeni and Sulistyowati who treat me cuddly and support my dream to be a professional teacher.
5. The only one my sister WahyuListianaDewi who advises me.
6. My nephew IbramYofian who never get bored to make me smile.
7. All my friends who I can not mention them one by one.
I hope this skripsi will give benefits to the progression and improvement of science for the better future.
I really need constructive criticism and suggestion for the improvement this skripsi from the readers.
th
Kudus, February 13 2012 Nica Betari Nirwana
ABSTRACT
Nirwana, NicaBetari. 2012. Thematic Development of Reading Texts in Look
Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI . Skripsi.English Education Department,
Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (i) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd. M.Pd., (ii). Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S. M.Pd.
Keywords: thematic development, theme and rheme and reading text
Reading texts are in students’ handbooks. There are various genres of reading text in their handbooks. So it is necessary for the writers of reading texts to make good thematic development in their reading texts in order to the students understand the reading texts.
The objective of this research is to describe what thematic development is Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI.
To get the objective of the research, I conduct qualitative descriptive research. The data of the research is clauses which contain the thematic development of the of Reading texts in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. Thematic development is gotten by analyzing of theme and rheme. I chose three reading texts randomly in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI to be analyzed the thematic development. Then, I analyzed the data by using a model brought Martin, et.al (1997)
According to the analysis, the result shows that zigzag theme is the highest number, it is 7. It is the most frequent theme. Then re-iterate theme 5 and 1 no thematic development. It means the writer feel easier to develop their texts by using zigzag theme in order to the readers understand them.
Therefore, the lecturers should motivate the students to comprehend thematic development in order to they make good paragraphs. For the English teachers, they should choose English handbooks which provide the good texts. Erlangga should maintain the quality of text in thematic development.
ABSTRAKSI
Nirwana, Nica Betari. 2012. Thematic Development of Reading Texts in Look
Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI . Skripsi. English Education Department,
Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisor: (i) Nuraeningsih, S.Pd. M.Pd., (ii). Fitri Budi Suryani, S.S. M.Pd.
Kata kunci: perkembangan tematik, tema dan rheme, teks bacaan
Teks-teks bacaan ada di buku pedoman para siswa. Ada berbagai jenis teks didalam buku pedoman mereka. Sehingga penting untuk para penulis teks bacaan untuk membuat perkembangan tematik yang bagus didalam teks bacaan mereka agar para siswa memahami teks bacaan tersebut.
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan perkembangan tematik apa Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI.
Untuk mendapatkan tujuan, saya melakukan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data penelitian ini adalah klausa-klausa yang terdapat perkembangan tematik pada teks bacaan dalam Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI.
Perkembangan tematik yang diperoleh dengan menganalisa tema dan rheme. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini adalah teks bacaan dalam Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. Saya memilih tiga teks bacaan secara acak dalam Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI untuk dianalisa perkembangan tematiknya. Kemudian, saya menganilsa data dengan menggunakan sebuah model dari Martin dkk (1997).
Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahwa tema zigzag adalah angka tertinggi, yaitu 7. Tema zigzag memiliki tema yang frekuentif. Kemudian tema pengulangan berjumlah 5 dan 1 yang tidak ada perkembangan tematiknya. Ini berarti bahwa penulis merasa lebih mudah mengembangkan teksnya dengan menggunakan tema zigzag agar para pembaca memahami teks tersebut.
Para dosen seharusnya memotivasi para siswa untuk memahami perkembangan teks supaya mereka membuat paragraf-paragraf yang bagus. Untuk guru BahasaInggris, mereka seharusnya memilih buku-buku pedoman Bahasa Inggris yang memiliki teks bagus.Erlangga seharunsya mempertahankan kulitas teks dalam perkembangan tematik.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
COVER .................................................................................................... i LOGO ........................................................................................................ ii TITLE........................................................................................................ iii MOTTO AND DEDICATION ................................................................. iv
v ADVISOR’S APPROVAL ........................................................................ vi EXAMINER’S APPROVAL ....................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ........................................................................... vii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................. ix TABLE CONTENTS ...............................................................................
xi
LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................... xiv
LIST OF FIGURE .................................................................................... xviLIST OF APPENDICES .......................................................................... xvii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Research ..................................................................
1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................
3 1.3 Objective of the Research ......................................................................
4 1.4 Significance of the Research .................................................................
4 1.5 Limitation of the Research ....................................................................
4 1.6 Operational Definition ...........................................................................
5
BAB II REVIEW OF RELATED LTERATURE 2.1 Systemic Functional Grammar ....................................................
6 2.2 The System of Theme and Rheme ...............................................
7 2.3 Theme ......................................................................................
8 2.3.1 Types of theme .........................................................................
9 2.3.1.1 Ideational or Topical Theme......................................................
9 2.3.1.1.1 Unmarked Topical Theme .........................................................
10 2.3.1.1.2 Marked Topical Theme .............................................................
11 2.3.2 Textual Theme .........................................................................
12 2.3.3 Interpersonal Theme .................................................................
14 2.4 Rheme .....................................................................................
17 2.5 Clause as Theme in Clause Complex ........................................
17 2.6 Predicated theme ......................................................................
19 2.7 Thematic development .............................................................
20 2.7.1 The types of thematic progression.............................................
20 2.8 Reading Text ............................................................................
24
2.9 Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI ...............................
24 2.10 Previous Research ...................................................................
25 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD 3.1 Research Design .....................................................................
26 3.2 Data and Data Source .............................................................
27 3.3 Data Collection .....................................................................
28
3.4 Data Analysis ........................................................................
28 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS OF THE RESEARCH 4.1 Findings .................................................................................
31
4.1.1 The Thematic Development of Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI ................................................
31
4.1.2 The thematic development of Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI .................................................
46 CHAPTER V DISCUSSION
5.1 Thematic Development in Reading text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI .........................................................
48
5.2 Frequencies of thematic development used in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI ...........................
56 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS 6.1 Conclusion ............................................................................
58 6.2 Suggestions ............................................................................
58 BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................
60
APPENDICES .............................................................................................
63 CURRICULUL VITAE .............................................................................
65 STATEMENT ............................................................................................
66
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page 3.4.1 The example of analysis of Clause complex .......................................26 3.4.2 The example of analysis of Them and Rheme ....................................
27 3.4.3 The example of analysis of Thematic development .............................
27
4.1.1.1. The Clause Complex in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
30 “Snakes” and the Genre is Report ..........
4.1.1.2. The Theme and Rheme in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an School Grade XI. The text entitled
“Snakes” and the genre is Report ...............................................................................................
31
4.1.1.3. The Thematic Development in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“Snakes” and the genre is Repor ................................................................................................
33
4.1.1.4. The Clause Complex in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“The Importance of English
35 Language” and the genre is Analytical Exposition ............................
4.1.1.5. The Theme and Rheme in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“The Importance of English
36 Language” and the genre is Analytical Exposition ...........................
4.1.1.6. The Thematic and Development in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior
High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“The Importance of
38 English Language” and the genre is Analytical Exposition ............
4.1.1.7. The Clause Complex in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“Why Do the Moon and the Sun
40 Never Appear Together?” and the genre is Narrative ...................
4.1.1.8. The Theme and Rheme in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“Why Do the Moon and the
41 Sun Never Appear Together?” and the genre is Narrative .............
4.1.1.9. The Thematic Development in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI. The text entitled
“Why Do the Moon and the
42 Sun Never Appear Together?” and the genre is Narrative ...............
4.1.2.1. The Thematic Development in Reading Text in Look Ahead 2 an English Course Science and Social Study Program for Senior High School Grade XI ..............................................................................
44
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page 2.7.1.1 Re-iteration or constant Theme ....................................................20 2.7.1.2 Zigzag Theme ...............................................................................
21 2.7.1.3 Multiple Theme ............................................................................
21
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page 1.64 A report text which entitled “snakes” ..................................................
2. An analytical exposition text which entitled “The Importance of English Language
65 ” ..............................................................................
3. A narrative text which entitled “Why Do the Moon and the Sun
67 Never Appear Together?” ....................................................................