PERSONALITY OF NORA REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S PERSONALITY OF NORA REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S HOUSE PLAY (1879): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH.
PERSONALITY OF NORA REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S
HOUSE PLAY (1879):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Dedy Setyawan
A 320110149
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
i
MOTTO
“Ilmu menjaga ahlinya tuk selalu taqwa dan berhias malu. Jika
kagum pada diamnya, dia bicara. Jika kagum pada bicaranya, dia
diam”.
(Adz Dzahabi)
Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'!
(Audrey Hepburn)
Neraka ku bukan menjadi urusanmu, dan surga belum tentu menjadi tempatmu.
(My Friend)
Satu kan tekad, kejarlah mimpimu walau kita tak sama tapi kita semua setara.
(The Researcher)
v
DEDICATION
From the deepest heart, the researcher would like to dedicate this research paper
to:
Allah SWT,
My beloved father and mother,
My beloved sisters and brothers,
All my family,
My lovely bestfriend, and All of my friend
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu;alaikum Wr.Wb
Alhamdulilahirabbil’alamin, praise and thank to Alloh SWT, the Almighty
God, for blessing ang guiding so the writer completes this research paper entitled
“PERSONALITY OF NORA REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S
HOUSE PLAY (1879): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH” as a requirement
for getting Bachelor Degree of Education in Department of English Education at
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Praise is also given to Prophet
Muhammad SAW, who has guided mankind to the right path blessed by the Lord.
On this occasion, the researcher would like to say his gratitude to everyone
who has given their help, advice, encouragement, and support in accomplishing
this research paper. Therefore, the researcher would like to expresses his
appreciation and gratitude to the persons who have given contribution to his to
finish the research paper, among others are;
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Djoko Prayitno, M. Hum, Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, who
has given approval her research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah of University of Surakarta, who has given permission to
his write the research paper,
3. Dr. Phil Dewi Chandraningrum. Spd. M. Ed., the first consultant who has
given support, guidance, advice, suggestion and correction during
completion of this research,
4. Titis Setyabudi SS, M.Hum., the second consultant who has already given
suggestion and correction for finishing this research,
5. All lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah of University of
Surakarta who has helped and guided for all of their benefacial knowledge
to the researcher,
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONIAL ..................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ...................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... ix
SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTHER I
: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................1
A. Background of the Study .................................................1
B. Literature Review.............................................................8
C. Problem Statement .........................................................12
D. Objective of the Study ...................................................12
E. Benefit of the Study .......................................................12
1. Theoritical Benefit ...................................................12
2. Practical Benefit .......................................................12
F. Research Method ...........................................................13
a. Type of the Study .....................................................13
b. Object of the Study ..................................................13
c. Type of the Data and Data Source ...........................13
d. Technique of Data Collection ..................................14
e. Technique of the Data Analysis ...............................14
G. Paper Organization.........................................................14
CHAPTER II
: UNDERLYING THEORY ...................................................16
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic ................................................16
B. Structure of Personality...................................................17
1. The Id ........................................................................18
2. The Ego .....................................................................19
ix
3. Superego....................................................................20
C. Structural Element of the play ........................................21
1. Narrative Element .....................................................22
a. Chracter and Characterization .............................22
b. Setting .................................................................23
c. Plot ......................................................................24
d. Point of View ......................................................26
e. Theme..................................................................26
f. Style ....................................................................26
2. Technical Element.....................................................27
a. Mise-en-scence....................................................27
b. Lighting ...............................................................28
c. Make-up ..............................................................28
D. Theoretical Application...................................................29
CHAPTER III
: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................30
A. Narrative Element ...........................................................30
1. Characters and Characterization ...............................30
a. Major Character ..................................................31
b. Minor Character ..................................................34
2. Setting .......................................................................34
a. Setting of Place ...................................................35
b. Setting of Time .................................................. 35
3. Plot ............................................................................36
a. Exposition ...........................................................36
b. Complication .......................................................37
c. Climax .................................................................39
d. Resolution ...........................................................40
e. Causality .............................................................41
f. Plausibility ..........................................................41
4. Point of View ............................................................42
5. Style ..........................................................................42
x
a. Grammatical Structure ........................................42
b. Sentence Structure ...............................................42
c. Diction .................................................................43
d. Figurative Language............................................43
6. Symbol ......................................................................45
7. Theme........................................................................47
B. Technical Element:..........................................................49
1. Mise-en-Scence .........................................................49
a. Set dressing .........................................................49
b. Prop .....................................................................50
2. Costume and Make up ...............................................51
3. Lighting .....................................................................52
a. Quality .................................................................53
b. Direction ..............................................................53
c. Source..................................................................53
d. Color....................................................................54
4. Music .........................................................................54
5. Sound effect ..............................................................54
C. Discussion .......................................................................55
CHAPTER IV
: THE PSYCHOANALYTIC DISCUSSION .........................63
A. Structure of Nora Personality ..........................................63
1. The id .......................................................................63
2. The ego .....................................................................65
3. The superego ............................................................67
B. Discussion .......................................................................69
CHAPTER V
: CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL AND SUGGESTION ..74
A. Conclusion ......................................................................74
B. Educational Implication ..................................................77
C. Suggestion .......................................................................77
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...............................................................................................79
VIRTUAL REFERENCES ....................................................................................82
xi
SUMMARY
DEDY SETYAWAN. A320110149. PERSONALITY OF NORA
REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S HOUSE PLAY (1879):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.SCHOOL OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. MARCH, 2016.
The problem of this study is “How is the the personality of Nora reflected
in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House play?”. The objective of this study to analyze A
Doll’s House based on Structural analysis and the to analyze A Doll’s House play
based on Psychoanalytic perspective. The researcher employs qualitative method.
The writer uses two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source
is about The primary data sources is the textplay itself. Then, the secondary data
sources are from other sources such as essay, articles, biography of Henrik Ibsen,
Internet and other relevant information. The method of data collection is library
research and the technique of data collection is descriptive technique. Based on
the anaylisis, the researcher gets some conclusions. Nora is a independent woman.
In this drama, the idea implied that presents, which in its development has a
duality of meaning so inviting controversial. Strength and independence that can
be shown a woman, who in the end is shown by Nora and this is it personalities of
nora. A principle that in terms of decision making and judgment, the opinion of a
woman in this case the wife also must be heard. Man and women do have the
nature of each, but doesn’t mean that the woman was a “ puppet”, friends “play”,
which do not have own their self. The three words Id, Ego and Superego will be
used in the Nora’s structure of personality.
Keywords: Psychoanalytic, A Doll’s House, Personality.
xii
RINGKASAN
DEDY SETYAWAN. A320110149. PERSONALITY OF NORA
REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S HOUSE PLAY (1879):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.SCHOOL OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. MARCH, 2016.
Masalah penelitian ini adalah "Bagaimana kepribadian Nora tercermin
dalam Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House Play?". Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
menganalisis A Doll’s House Play berdasarkan analisis struktural dan untuk
analisis A Doll’s House Play berdasarkan perspektif psikoanalitik. Peneliti
menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan dua sumber data: primer
dan sekunder. Sumber data primer adalah tentang Sumber data primer adalah teks
bermain sendiri. Kemudian, sumber data sekunder dari sumber lain seperti esai,
artikel, biografi Henrik Ibsen, Internet dan metode informasi. Terkait lainnya
pengumpulan data adalah penelitian pustaka dan teknik pengumpulan data adalah
teknik deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis itu, peneliti mendapat beberapa
kesimpulan. Nora adalah wanita mandiri. Dalam drama ini, gagasan tersirat
bahwa hadiah, yang dalam perkembangannya memiliki dualitas makna sehingga
mengundang kontroversial. Kekuatan dan kemandirian yang dapat ditampilkan
seorang wanita, yang pada akhirnya ditunjukkan oleh Nora dan ini adalah hal
kepribadian dari nora. Sebuah prinsip yang dalam hal pengambilan keputusan dan
penilaian, pendapat seorang wanita dalam hal ini istri juga harus didengar. Lakilaki dan perempuan memiliki sifat masing-masing, tetapi tidak berarti bahwa
wanita adalah "boneka", teman "bermain", yang tidak memiliki mereka sendiri.
Tiga kata Id, Ego dan Superego akan digunakan dalam struktur kepribadian Nora.
Kata kunci: Psikoanalitik, A Doll House, Kepribadi.
xiii
HOUSE PLAY (1879):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
Dedy Setyawan
A 320110149
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2016
i
MOTTO
“Ilmu menjaga ahlinya tuk selalu taqwa dan berhias malu. Jika
kagum pada diamnya, dia bicara. Jika kagum pada bicaranya, dia
diam”.
(Adz Dzahabi)
Nothing is impossible, the word itself says 'I'm possible'!
(Audrey Hepburn)
Neraka ku bukan menjadi urusanmu, dan surga belum tentu menjadi tempatmu.
(My Friend)
Satu kan tekad, kejarlah mimpimu walau kita tak sama tapi kita semua setara.
(The Researcher)
v
DEDICATION
From the deepest heart, the researcher would like to dedicate this research paper
to:
Allah SWT,
My beloved father and mother,
My beloved sisters and brothers,
All my family,
My lovely bestfriend, and All of my friend
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu;alaikum Wr.Wb
Alhamdulilahirabbil’alamin, praise and thank to Alloh SWT, the Almighty
God, for blessing ang guiding so the writer completes this research paper entitled
“PERSONALITY OF NORA REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S
HOUSE PLAY (1879): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH” as a requirement
for getting Bachelor Degree of Education in Department of English Education at
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. Praise is also given to Prophet
Muhammad SAW, who has guided mankind to the right path blessed by the Lord.
On this occasion, the researcher would like to say his gratitude to everyone
who has given their help, advice, encouragement, and support in accomplishing
this research paper. Therefore, the researcher would like to expresses his
appreciation and gratitude to the persons who have given contribution to his to
finish the research paper, among others are;
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Djoko Prayitno, M. Hum, Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, who
has given approval her research paper,
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph. D., Head of English Department of
Muhammadiyah of University of Surakarta, who has given permission to
his write the research paper,
3. Dr. Phil Dewi Chandraningrum. Spd. M. Ed., the first consultant who has
given support, guidance, advice, suggestion and correction during
completion of this research,
4. Titis Setyabudi SS, M.Hum., the second consultant who has already given
suggestion and correction for finishing this research,
5. All lecturers in English Department of Muhammadiyah of University of
Surakarta who has helped and guided for all of their benefacial knowledge
to the researcher,
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...................................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL........................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONIAL ..................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ...................................................................................................................v
DEDICATION ....................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ......................................................................................... ix
SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... xii
CHAPTHER I
: INTRODUCTION ..................................................................1
A. Background of the Study .................................................1
B. Literature Review.............................................................8
C. Problem Statement .........................................................12
D. Objective of the Study ...................................................12
E. Benefit of the Study .......................................................12
1. Theoritical Benefit ...................................................12
2. Practical Benefit .......................................................12
F. Research Method ...........................................................13
a. Type of the Study .....................................................13
b. Object of the Study ..................................................13
c. Type of the Data and Data Source ...........................13
d. Technique of Data Collection ..................................14
e. Technique of the Data Analysis ...............................14
G. Paper Organization.........................................................14
CHAPTER II
: UNDERLYING THEORY ...................................................16
A. Notion of Psychoanalytic ................................................16
B. Structure of Personality...................................................17
1. The Id ........................................................................18
2. The Ego .....................................................................19
ix
3. Superego....................................................................20
C. Structural Element of the play ........................................21
1. Narrative Element .....................................................22
a. Chracter and Characterization .............................22
b. Setting .................................................................23
c. Plot ......................................................................24
d. Point of View ......................................................26
e. Theme..................................................................26
f. Style ....................................................................26
2. Technical Element.....................................................27
a. Mise-en-scence....................................................27
b. Lighting ...............................................................28
c. Make-up ..............................................................28
D. Theoretical Application...................................................29
CHAPTER III
: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ................................................30
A. Narrative Element ...........................................................30
1. Characters and Characterization ...............................30
a. Major Character ..................................................31
b. Minor Character ..................................................34
2. Setting .......................................................................34
a. Setting of Place ...................................................35
b. Setting of Time .................................................. 35
3. Plot ............................................................................36
a. Exposition ...........................................................36
b. Complication .......................................................37
c. Climax .................................................................39
d. Resolution ...........................................................40
e. Causality .............................................................41
f. Plausibility ..........................................................41
4. Point of View ............................................................42
5. Style ..........................................................................42
x
a. Grammatical Structure ........................................42
b. Sentence Structure ...............................................42
c. Diction .................................................................43
d. Figurative Language............................................43
6. Symbol ......................................................................45
7. Theme........................................................................47
B. Technical Element:..........................................................49
1. Mise-en-Scence .........................................................49
a. Set dressing .........................................................49
b. Prop .....................................................................50
2. Costume and Make up ...............................................51
3. Lighting .....................................................................52
a. Quality .................................................................53
b. Direction ..............................................................53
c. Source..................................................................53
d. Color....................................................................54
4. Music .........................................................................54
5. Sound effect ..............................................................54
C. Discussion .......................................................................55
CHAPTER IV
: THE PSYCHOANALYTIC DISCUSSION .........................63
A. Structure of Nora Personality ..........................................63
1. The id .......................................................................63
2. The ego .....................................................................65
3. The superego ............................................................67
B. Discussion .......................................................................69
CHAPTER V
: CONCLUSION, EDUCATIONAL AND SUGGESTION ..74
A. Conclusion ......................................................................74
B. Educational Implication ..................................................77
C. Suggestion .......................................................................77
BIBLIOGRAPHY ...............................................................................................79
VIRTUAL REFERENCES ....................................................................................82
xi
SUMMARY
DEDY SETYAWAN. A320110149. PERSONALITY OF NORA
REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S HOUSE PLAY (1879):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.SCHOOL OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. MARCH, 2016.
The problem of this study is “How is the the personality of Nora reflected
in Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House play?”. The objective of this study to analyze A
Doll’s House based on Structural analysis and the to analyze A Doll’s House play
based on Psychoanalytic perspective. The researcher employs qualitative method.
The writer uses two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source
is about The primary data sources is the textplay itself. Then, the secondary data
sources are from other sources such as essay, articles, biography of Henrik Ibsen,
Internet and other relevant information. The method of data collection is library
research and the technique of data collection is descriptive technique. Based on
the anaylisis, the researcher gets some conclusions. Nora is a independent woman.
In this drama, the idea implied that presents, which in its development has a
duality of meaning so inviting controversial. Strength and independence that can
be shown a woman, who in the end is shown by Nora and this is it personalities of
nora. A principle that in terms of decision making and judgment, the opinion of a
woman in this case the wife also must be heard. Man and women do have the
nature of each, but doesn’t mean that the woman was a “ puppet”, friends “play”,
which do not have own their self. The three words Id, Ego and Superego will be
used in the Nora’s structure of personality.
Keywords: Psychoanalytic, A Doll’s House, Personality.
xii
RINGKASAN
DEDY SETYAWAN. A320110149. PERSONALITY OF NORA
REFLECTED IN HENRIK IBSEN A DOLL’S HOUSE PLAY (1879):
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. RESEARCH PAPER.SCHOOL OF
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION, MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. MARCH, 2016.
Masalah penelitian ini adalah "Bagaimana kepribadian Nora tercermin
dalam Henrik Ibsen A Doll’s House Play?". Tujuan penelitian ini untuk
menganalisis A Doll’s House Play berdasarkan analisis struktural dan untuk
analisis A Doll’s House Play berdasarkan perspektif psikoanalitik. Peneliti
menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan dua sumber data: primer
dan sekunder. Sumber data primer adalah tentang Sumber data primer adalah teks
bermain sendiri. Kemudian, sumber data sekunder dari sumber lain seperti esai,
artikel, biografi Henrik Ibsen, Internet dan metode informasi. Terkait lainnya
pengumpulan data adalah penelitian pustaka dan teknik pengumpulan data adalah
teknik deskriptif. Berdasarkan analisis itu, peneliti mendapat beberapa
kesimpulan. Nora adalah wanita mandiri. Dalam drama ini, gagasan tersirat
bahwa hadiah, yang dalam perkembangannya memiliki dualitas makna sehingga
mengundang kontroversial. Kekuatan dan kemandirian yang dapat ditampilkan
seorang wanita, yang pada akhirnya ditunjukkan oleh Nora dan ini adalah hal
kepribadian dari nora. Sebuah prinsip yang dalam hal pengambilan keputusan dan
penilaian, pendapat seorang wanita dalam hal ini istri juga harus didengar. Lakilaki dan perempuan memiliki sifat masing-masing, tetapi tidak berarti bahwa
wanita adalah "boneka", teman "bermain", yang tidak memiliki mereka sendiri.
Tiga kata Id, Ego dan Superego akan digunakan dalam struktur kepribadian Nora.
Kata kunci: Psikoanalitik, A Doll House, Kepribadi.
xiii