U Complain Responses Used By Javanese Learners Of English.
COMPL
LAINT RESPONS
R
SES
USED
U
BY
Y JAVANESE LEA
ARNERS OF ENG
GLISH
RE
ESEARCH
H PAPER
Submitteed a Partiall Fulfillmen
nt of the Reequirementt for Gettin
ng the Bach
helor
Deggree of Edu
ucation in English
E
Dep
partment
By
ANDR
RIYANI NIIDYAWAT
TI
A3201000273
SCH
HOOL OF
F TEACH
HER TRA
AINING AND
A
EDU
UCATION
N
MU
UHAMM
MADIYAH
H UNIVER
RSITY OF
O SURAK
KARTA
20144
i
MOTT
TO
“The ink of
o a scholar iss holier than the blood of a martyr.”
“Kreaativitas adalaah mata uang universal.” (Alitt
(A Susantoo)
“The worlld is a book and those whoo do not traveel read only one page.” (Auugustine of hiippo)
“IIt’s niceto be important, but
b it’s more important
i
to be nice.” (Johhn Cassis)
v
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
Her beloved dad and mom (Bapak Wagiman and Ibu Sumini)
Her big family
Her all beloved friends
Her special friend
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, first and foremost, my gratitudes goes to
Allah SWT for the blessing and inspiration leading the research paper entitle
“Complain Responses Used by Javanese Learners of English”.
However, there are many forms of help gratefully received from particular
individual. On this good opertunity, the writer wishes to reveal his special
gratitude to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko P, M. Hum as the dean of the School of Teacher
Training and Education Facuslty of UMS.
2. Mauly Halwat H, Ph. D as the chief of English department for approving
this research
3. Drs. Agus Wijayanto, MA, Ph. D as the first consultant, who has given
careful guidance, suggestion, and correction during this research,
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariatmi, M.Hum as the second consultant, who has
given much valuable suggestion, and correction during this research,
5. Drs. Maryadi, M.A. as the examiner, who has given suggestion, and
correction during this research,
6. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si, M. Hum as the academic consultant of English
Department.
7. Her beloved father and mother who always give massive support and
motivation to the writer for everything she has done.
vii
ABSTRACT
Andriyani Nidyawati, A320100273. “COMPLAIN RESPONSES USED BY
JAVANESE LEARNERS OF ENGLISH.” Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta. Research Paper. 2014.
This study focuses on the type of complaint responses strategy using the theory of
pragmatic strategy by Razekh and politeness strategy by Brown and Levinson.
This study aim at (1) describing the complaint responses are used by Javanese
learners of English, (2) explaining the differences in complaint responses given by
male and female EFL students, (3) explaining the politeness strategies which are
involved in complain responses used by Javanese learners of English.
This research applies descriptive qualitative metho. The data are the utterances of
the forty Javanese students of Department English Education at seventh semester
at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The way to collect data is using a
questionnaire by giving DCT. The subject consists of twenty male and twenty
female participants. The data of complaint responses were analyzed by the coding
schema in Eslami and Rasekh (2004) also added by Brown and Levinson (1987)
theory as the type of politeness strategy.
The result shows that complaint responses based on the coding schema in Eslami
&Rasekh (2004) are various. Both, in direct complaint and indirect complaint,
IFIDs was as the most appeared strategy used by EFL students, although there
were some strategies also used by the participants, for example emotional
exclamations, acceptance of responsibility. The different gender influences the
complaint responses. In this case, IFIDs has the highest frequency used by both
male and female participants in all DCT. However, male used is more frequently
than female. As for politeness, positive politeness (PP) was the most appeared
strategy which was used by male and female students in almost every situation
given, while the subtype of PP mostly used was PP 13 (give or ask reason). Then,
negative politeness (NP) was more frequently used by the participants than bald
on record. Finally, off record is the least politeness strategy used by the
participants. But, the data showed that not all the complaint responses by the
participants involved in politeness strategy.
Keyword: complain responses, politeness
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITTLE ................................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL ......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY STATEMENT ............................................................................... iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................ v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................ x
LIST OF ABBREVIATION ............................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ....................................................... 1
B. Scope of the Study .................................................................. 3
C. Problem Statement ................................................................. 4
D. Objectives of the Study ......................................................... 4
E. Benefit of the Study ............................................................... 4
F. Research Paper Organization ................................................. 5
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................. 6
A. Previous Study ........................................................................ 6
B. Underlying Therory ................................................................ 11
1.
Pragmatics ....................................................................... 11
2.
Interlanguage Pragmatics ............................................... 16
x
3.
Speech Act....................................................................... 18
4.
Complaint ........................................................................ 21
5.
Complaint Responses ...................................................... 28
6.
Politeness ......................................................................... 30
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................. 48
A. Type of the Research ............................................................. 48
B. Object of Research ................................................................. 48
C. Subject of Research ................................................................ 48
D. Data and Data Source ............................................................. 49
E. Technique of Collecting Data ................................................ 50
F. Technique of Analyzing Data................................................. 51
G. The Result of Pilot Study ....................................................... 52
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION............................. 76
A. Data Analysis ......................................................................... 76
1.
Complain Responses Used by English Department
Students of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta .... 77
2.
Complain Responses based on Gender .........................144
3.
The Politeness Strategies Involved in Complain Responses
Used by Javanese Learners of English...........................161
B. Research Findings ................................................................225
C. Discussion of the Findings ...................................................229
xi
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .......................................234
A. CONCLUSION ....................................................................234
B. SUGGESTION .....................................................................235
REFERENCE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
DCT
: Discourse Completion Test
F
: Female
M
: Male
PP
: Positive Politeness
NP
: Negative Politeness
BOR
: Bald on-Record
OR
: Off Record
xiii
LAINT RESPONS
R
SES
USED
U
BY
Y JAVANESE LEA
ARNERS OF ENG
GLISH
RE
ESEARCH
H PAPER
Submitteed a Partiall Fulfillmen
nt of the Reequirementt for Gettin
ng the Bach
helor
Deggree of Edu
ucation in English
E
Dep
partment
By
ANDR
RIYANI NIIDYAWAT
TI
A3201000273
SCH
HOOL OF
F TEACH
HER TRA
AINING AND
A
EDU
UCATION
N
MU
UHAMM
MADIYAH
H UNIVER
RSITY OF
O SURAK
KARTA
20144
i
MOTT
TO
“The ink of
o a scholar iss holier than the blood of a martyr.”
“Kreaativitas adalaah mata uang universal.” (Alitt
(A Susantoo)
“The worlld is a book and those whoo do not traveel read only one page.” (Auugustine of hiippo)
“IIt’s niceto be important, but
b it’s more important
i
to be nice.” (Johhn Cassis)
v
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
Her beloved dad and mom (Bapak Wagiman and Ibu Sumini)
Her big family
Her all beloved friends
Her special friend
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin, first and foremost, my gratitudes goes to
Allah SWT for the blessing and inspiration leading the research paper entitle
“Complain Responses Used by Javanese Learners of English”.
However, there are many forms of help gratefully received from particular
individual. On this good opertunity, the writer wishes to reveal his special
gratitude to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko P, M. Hum as the dean of the School of Teacher
Training and Education Facuslty of UMS.
2. Mauly Halwat H, Ph. D as the chief of English department for approving
this research
3. Drs. Agus Wijayanto, MA, Ph. D as the first consultant, who has given
careful guidance, suggestion, and correction during this research,
4. Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariatmi, M.Hum as the second consultant, who has
given much valuable suggestion, and correction during this research,
5. Drs. Maryadi, M.A. as the examiner, who has given suggestion, and
correction during this research,
6. Titis Setyabudi, S. Si, M. Hum as the academic consultant of English
Department.
7. Her beloved father and mother who always give massive support and
motivation to the writer for everything she has done.
vii
ABSTRACT
Andriyani Nidyawati, A320100273. “COMPLAIN RESPONSES USED BY
JAVANESE LEARNERS OF ENGLISH.” Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta. Research Paper. 2014.
This study focuses on the type of complaint responses strategy using the theory of
pragmatic strategy by Razekh and politeness strategy by Brown and Levinson.
This study aim at (1) describing the complaint responses are used by Javanese
learners of English, (2) explaining the differences in complaint responses given by
male and female EFL students, (3) explaining the politeness strategies which are
involved in complain responses used by Javanese learners of English.
This research applies descriptive qualitative metho. The data are the utterances of
the forty Javanese students of Department English Education at seventh semester
at Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The way to collect data is using a
questionnaire by giving DCT. The subject consists of twenty male and twenty
female participants. The data of complaint responses were analyzed by the coding
schema in Eslami and Rasekh (2004) also added by Brown and Levinson (1987)
theory as the type of politeness strategy.
The result shows that complaint responses based on the coding schema in Eslami
&Rasekh (2004) are various. Both, in direct complaint and indirect complaint,
IFIDs was as the most appeared strategy used by EFL students, although there
were some strategies also used by the participants, for example emotional
exclamations, acceptance of responsibility. The different gender influences the
complaint responses. In this case, IFIDs has the highest frequency used by both
male and female participants in all DCT. However, male used is more frequently
than female. As for politeness, positive politeness (PP) was the most appeared
strategy which was used by male and female students in almost every situation
given, while the subtype of PP mostly used was PP 13 (give or ask reason). Then,
negative politeness (NP) was more frequently used by the participants than bald
on record. Finally, off record is the least politeness strategy used by the
participants. But, the data showed that not all the complaint responses by the
participants involved in politeness strategy.
Keyword: complain responses, politeness
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITTLE ................................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL ......................................................................................................... ii
ACCEPTANCE .................................................................................................... iii
TESTIMONY STATEMENT ............................................................................... iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................ v
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .................................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................ x
LIST OF ABBREVIATION ............................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION ......................................................................... 1
A. Background of the Study ....................................................... 1
B. Scope of the Study .................................................................. 3
C. Problem Statement ................................................................. 4
D. Objectives of the Study ......................................................... 4
E. Benefit of the Study ............................................................... 4
F. Research Paper Organization ................................................. 5
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................. 6
A. Previous Study ........................................................................ 6
B. Underlying Therory ................................................................ 11
1.
Pragmatics ....................................................................... 11
2.
Interlanguage Pragmatics ............................................... 16
x
3.
Speech Act....................................................................... 18
4.
Complaint ........................................................................ 21
5.
Complaint Responses ...................................................... 28
6.
Politeness ......................................................................... 30
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHOD .............................................................. 48
A. Type of the Research ............................................................. 48
B. Object of Research ................................................................. 48
C. Subject of Research ................................................................ 48
D. Data and Data Source ............................................................. 49
E. Technique of Collecting Data ................................................ 50
F. Technique of Analyzing Data................................................. 51
G. The Result of Pilot Study ....................................................... 52
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION............................. 76
A. Data Analysis ......................................................................... 76
1.
Complain Responses Used by English Department
Students of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta .... 77
2.
Complain Responses based on Gender .........................144
3.
The Politeness Strategies Involved in Complain Responses
Used by Javanese Learners of English...........................161
B. Research Findings ................................................................225
C. Discussion of the Findings ...................................................229
xi
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .......................................234
A. CONCLUSION ....................................................................234
B. SUGGESTION .....................................................................235
REFERENCE
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCE
APPENDIX
xii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
DCT
: Discourse Completion Test
F
: Female
M
: Male
PP
: Positive Politeness
NP
: Negative Politeness
BOR
: Bald on-Record
OR
: Off Record
xiii