EFEK TEKNIK PENGATURAN AIR DAN JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK TERHADAP POPULASI BAKTERI PENAMBAT N, PELARUT FOSFAT DAN HASIL PADI VARIETAS CIHERANG BERBASIS IPAT BO.
ABSTRAK
Joel T.B. Sihite. 2012. Efek Teknik Pengaturan Air dan Jenis Pupuk Organik
Terhadap Populasi Bakteri Penambat N, Pelarut Fosfat dan Hasil Padi
Varietas Ciherang Berbasis IPAT-BO. Dibimbing Oleh : Tualar Simarmata
dan Rachmat Haryanto.
Penelitian untuk mengetahui efek teknik pengaturan air dan jenis pupuk
organik terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, pelarut fosfat dan hasil padi
Varietas Ciherang berbasis IPAT-BO telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai
dengan Agustus 2012 di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Winaya Mukti,
Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Rancangan Percobaan
menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dan diulang tiga
kali. Faktor pertama adalah pengaturan tinggi muka air (penggenangan) yang
terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu; +5 cm, 0 cm, -5 cm dan -10 cm dan faktor kedua adalah
jenis pupuk organik yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu; tanpa pupuk organik, 1 t ha-1
Azolla, 0,5 t ha-1 Azolla + 2,5 t ha-1 kompos jerami dan 5 t ha-1 kompos jerami.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi interaksi teknik pengaturan air
dan jenis pupuk organik terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, bakteri pelarut
fosfat dan hasil padi Varietas Ciherang berbasis IPAT-BO. Efek mandiri teknik
pengaturan tinggi muka air berpengaruh terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N,
pelarut P, jumlah anakan produktif, bobot 1000 butir dan hasil gabah kering panen
(GKP) padi Varietas Ciherang, sedangkan jenis pupuk organik berpengaruh
terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, pelarut P, jumlah anakan produktif, hasil
gabah kering panen (GKP) padi Varietas Ciherang, namun tidak berpengaruh
terhadap bobot 1000 butir pada sistem budidaya berbasis IPAT-BO. Teknik
pengaturan tinggi muka air 0 cm menunjukkan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP)
tertinggi sebesar 88,04 g pot-1 (7,12 t ha-1) dan aplikasi kompos jerami 56,5 g pot-1
(5 t ha-1) menunjukkan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP) tertinggi sebesar 82,60 g
pot-1 (6,69 t ha-1).
Kata Kunci : Teknik pengaturan air, pupuk organik, bakteri penambat nitrogen,
bakteri pelarut fosfat, Varietas Ciherang, IPAT-BO.
i
ABSTRACT
Joel T.B. Sihite. 2012. Effect of Water Management Technique and
Organic Fertilizers Application on Population of Nitrogen Fixing,
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Rice Yield Grain of Ciherang Variety
Based on System of Organic Based Aerobic Rice Intensification (SOBARI).
Supervised by : Tualar Simarmata and Rachmat Haryanto.
The experiment to find out the effect of water management technique and
organic fertilizers
application
on
population
of
nitrogen
fixing,
phosphate solubilizing bacteria and rice yield grain of Ciherang Variety based on
system of organic based aerobic rice intensification (SOBARI) has been
conducted from May to August 2012 at Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti
University, Tanjung sari, Sumedang, West Java. The experiment was arranged as
a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was
management of water depth (flooding) consisted of 4 levels at; +5 cm, 0 cm, -5
cm and -10 cm. The second factor was organic fertilizer application consisted of 4
levels; without organic fertilizer, 1 t ha-1 Azolla, 0,5 t ha-1 Azolla + 2,5 t ha-1 straw
compost, dan 5 t ha-1 straw compost. The experimental result revealed that there
was no interaction beetwen water management technique and organic fertilizers
application on population of nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, number of
panicles, 1000 grain weight and rice yield grain. Independent effect of
management of water depth (flooding) showed effect on population of nitrogen
fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, number of panicles, 1000 grain weight and
rice yield grain of Ciherang Variety, whereas organic fertilizer application showed
effect on population of nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, number of
panicles, rice yield grain but there was no effect at 1000 grain weight based on
system of organic based aerobic rice intensification (SOBARI). Management of
water depth at level 0 cm showed the highest result of unhulled rice weight in the
amount of 88,04 g pot-1 (7,12 t ha-1) and application of organic fertilizer at level
52,5 g pot-1 (5 t ha-1) straw compost showed the highest result of unhulled rice
weight in the amount of 82,60 g pot-1 (6,69 t ha-1).
Key Words : Water management technique, organic fertilizer, nitrogen fixing
bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Ciherang Variety,
SOBARI.
ii
Joel T.B. Sihite. 2012. Efek Teknik Pengaturan Air dan Jenis Pupuk Organik
Terhadap Populasi Bakteri Penambat N, Pelarut Fosfat dan Hasil Padi
Varietas Ciherang Berbasis IPAT-BO. Dibimbing Oleh : Tualar Simarmata
dan Rachmat Haryanto.
Penelitian untuk mengetahui efek teknik pengaturan air dan jenis pupuk
organik terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, pelarut fosfat dan hasil padi
Varietas Ciherang berbasis IPAT-BO telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai
dengan Agustus 2012 di Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Winaya Mukti,
Tanjungsari, Kabupaten Sumedang, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Rancangan Percobaan
menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pola faktorial dan diulang tiga
kali. Faktor pertama adalah pengaturan tinggi muka air (penggenangan) yang
terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu; +5 cm, 0 cm, -5 cm dan -10 cm dan faktor kedua adalah
jenis pupuk organik yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu; tanpa pupuk organik, 1 t ha-1
Azolla, 0,5 t ha-1 Azolla + 2,5 t ha-1 kompos jerami dan 5 t ha-1 kompos jerami.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak terjadi interaksi teknik pengaturan air
dan jenis pupuk organik terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, bakteri pelarut
fosfat dan hasil padi Varietas Ciherang berbasis IPAT-BO. Efek mandiri teknik
pengaturan tinggi muka air berpengaruh terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N,
pelarut P, jumlah anakan produktif, bobot 1000 butir dan hasil gabah kering panen
(GKP) padi Varietas Ciherang, sedangkan jenis pupuk organik berpengaruh
terhadap populasi bakteri penambat N, pelarut P, jumlah anakan produktif, hasil
gabah kering panen (GKP) padi Varietas Ciherang, namun tidak berpengaruh
terhadap bobot 1000 butir pada sistem budidaya berbasis IPAT-BO. Teknik
pengaturan tinggi muka air 0 cm menunjukkan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP)
tertinggi sebesar 88,04 g pot-1 (7,12 t ha-1) dan aplikasi kompos jerami 56,5 g pot-1
(5 t ha-1) menunjukkan hasil gabah kering panen (GKP) tertinggi sebesar 82,60 g
pot-1 (6,69 t ha-1).
Kata Kunci : Teknik pengaturan air, pupuk organik, bakteri penambat nitrogen,
bakteri pelarut fosfat, Varietas Ciherang, IPAT-BO.
i
ABSTRACT
Joel T.B. Sihite. 2012. Effect of Water Management Technique and
Organic Fertilizers Application on Population of Nitrogen Fixing,
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Rice Yield Grain of Ciherang Variety
Based on System of Organic Based Aerobic Rice Intensification (SOBARI).
Supervised by : Tualar Simarmata and Rachmat Haryanto.
The experiment to find out the effect of water management technique and
organic fertilizers
application
on
population
of
nitrogen
fixing,
phosphate solubilizing bacteria and rice yield grain of Ciherang Variety based on
system of organic based aerobic rice intensification (SOBARI) has been
conducted from May to August 2012 at Faculty of Agriculture, Winaya Mukti
University, Tanjung sari, Sumedang, West Java. The experiment was arranged as
a factorial randomized block design with three replications. The first factor was
management of water depth (flooding) consisted of 4 levels at; +5 cm, 0 cm, -5
cm and -10 cm. The second factor was organic fertilizer application consisted of 4
levels; without organic fertilizer, 1 t ha-1 Azolla, 0,5 t ha-1 Azolla + 2,5 t ha-1 straw
compost, dan 5 t ha-1 straw compost. The experimental result revealed that there
was no interaction beetwen water management technique and organic fertilizers
application on population of nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, number of
panicles, 1000 grain weight and rice yield grain. Independent effect of
management of water depth (flooding) showed effect on population of nitrogen
fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, number of panicles, 1000 grain weight and
rice yield grain of Ciherang Variety, whereas organic fertilizer application showed
effect on population of nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, number of
panicles, rice yield grain but there was no effect at 1000 grain weight based on
system of organic based aerobic rice intensification (SOBARI). Management of
water depth at level 0 cm showed the highest result of unhulled rice weight in the
amount of 88,04 g pot-1 (7,12 t ha-1) and application of organic fertilizer at level
52,5 g pot-1 (5 t ha-1) straw compost showed the highest result of unhulled rice
weight in the amount of 82,60 g pot-1 (6,69 t ha-1).
Key Words : Water management technique, organic fertilizer, nitrogen fixing
bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, Ciherang Variety,
SOBARI.
ii