ANALISIS HIDROLOGI DAN HIDROGEOLOGI UNTUK SISTEM DEWATERING TAMBANG BATUBARA SITE PURWAJAYA PT. INSANI BARA PERKASA, KECAMATAN LOAJANAN, KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TIMUR.
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
ABSTRAK ...........................................................................................................
i
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .........................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...........................................................................................
ix
DAFTAR TABEL ...............................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................
xiii
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................
1
1.1
Latar Belakang Penelitian ..................................................................
1
1.2
Batasan Masalah ................................................................................
2
1.3
Maksud dan Tujuan ...........................................................................
3
1.4
Lokasi Penelitian ...............................................................................
4
1.5
Kegunaan Penelitian ..........................................................................
6
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................
7
2.1
Kondisi Geologi Daerah Penelitian ...................................................
7
2.2
Aspek Hidrologi ................................................................................
11
2.2.1 Siklus Hidrologi ..........................................................................
11
2.2.2 Daerah Aliran Sungai dan Daerah Tangkapan Air .....................
14
2.2.3 Infiltrasi ......................................................................................
17
2.2.4 Analisis Neraca Air (Water Balance) .........................................
19
2.2.5 Klasifikasi Iklim .........................................................................
22
2.2.6 Analisis Statistika Hujan Rencana ..............................................
24
2.2.7 Analisis Statistika Debit Banjir Rencana.....................................
29
Aspek Hidrogeologi ...........................................................................
32
2.3.1 Airtanah (Groundwater) .............................................................
34
2.3.2 Sifat Batuan Terhadap Air ..........................................................
37
BAB II
2.3
vi
2.3.3 Karakteristik Akuifer ..................................................................
40
2.3.4 Tipologi Sistem Akuifer .............................................................
44
2.3.5 Penentuan Nilai Konduktivitas Hidrolika Dari Pumping Test ...
45
Dewatering ........................................................................................
55
2.3.1 Sistem Penyaliran Tambang .......................................................
55
2.3.2 Upaya Penirisan Tambang ..........................................................
58
2.3.2.1 Mine Drainage .................................................................
61
2.3.2.2 Mine Dewatering..............................................................
61
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................
63
2.3
3.1
Objek Penelitian ................................................................................
63
3.2
Tahapan Penelitian ............................................................................
63
3.2.1 Tahap Persiapan Penelitian ........................................................
63
3.2.2 Tahap Pekerjaan Lapangan ........................................................
66
3.2.3 Tahap Pengolahan Data..............................................................
66
3.2.3.1 Tahap Analisis Hidrologi .................................................
66
3.2.3.2 Tahap Analisis Hidrogeologi ...........................................
68
3.2.3.3 Tahap Dewatering ............................................................
69
3.2.4 Tahap Penulisan Laporan ...........................................................
70
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN ........................................................................
71
4.1
4.2
Analisis Hidrologi..............................................................................
71
4.1.1 Identifikasi Daerah Tangkapan Air (DTA) ................................
71
4.1.2 Identifikasi Profil Sungai dan Kecepatan Aliran .......................
73
4.1.3 Identifikasi Daya Infiltrasi .........................................................
75
4.1.4 Analisis Water Balance ..............................................................
77
4.1.5 Identifikasi Tipe Iklim................................................................
83
4.1.6 Analisis Statistika Hujan Rencana .............................................
85
4.1.7 Analisis Statistika Debit Banjir Rencana ...................................
89
Analisis Hidrogeologi ........................................................................
95
4.2.1 Identifikasi Pola Aliran Airtanah ...............................................
95
4.2.2 Identifikasi Akuifer ....................................................................
98
4.2.3 Identifikasi Kuantitas Airtanah ..................................................
102
vii
Dewatering ........................................................................................
105
4.3.1 Sistem Penyaliran Tambang .......................................................
105
4.3.1.1 Desain Saluran Drainase DTA West Pit...........................
108
4.3.1.2 Desain Saluran Drainase DTA East Pit ...........................
110
4.3.2 Upaya Penirisan Tambang .........................................................
112
KESIMPULAN ...................................................................................
115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................
118
4.3
BAB V
viii
Halaman
ABSTRAK ...........................................................................................................
i
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................
ii
KATA PENGANTAR .........................................................................................
iii
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................
vi
DAFTAR GAMBAR ...........................................................................................
ix
DAFTAR TABEL ...............................................................................................
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .......................................................................................
xiii
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN ...............................................................................
1
1.1
Latar Belakang Penelitian ..................................................................
1
1.2
Batasan Masalah ................................................................................
2
1.3
Maksud dan Tujuan ...........................................................................
3
1.4
Lokasi Penelitian ...............................................................................
4
1.5
Kegunaan Penelitian ..........................................................................
6
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA .....................................................................
7
2.1
Kondisi Geologi Daerah Penelitian ...................................................
7
2.2
Aspek Hidrologi ................................................................................
11
2.2.1 Siklus Hidrologi ..........................................................................
11
2.2.2 Daerah Aliran Sungai dan Daerah Tangkapan Air .....................
14
2.2.3 Infiltrasi ......................................................................................
17
2.2.4 Analisis Neraca Air (Water Balance) .........................................
19
2.2.5 Klasifikasi Iklim .........................................................................
22
2.2.6 Analisis Statistika Hujan Rencana ..............................................
24
2.2.7 Analisis Statistika Debit Banjir Rencana.....................................
29
Aspek Hidrogeologi ...........................................................................
32
2.3.1 Airtanah (Groundwater) .............................................................
34
2.3.2 Sifat Batuan Terhadap Air ..........................................................
37
BAB II
2.3
vi
2.3.3 Karakteristik Akuifer ..................................................................
40
2.3.4 Tipologi Sistem Akuifer .............................................................
44
2.3.5 Penentuan Nilai Konduktivitas Hidrolika Dari Pumping Test ...
45
Dewatering ........................................................................................
55
2.3.1 Sistem Penyaliran Tambang .......................................................
55
2.3.2 Upaya Penirisan Tambang ..........................................................
58
2.3.2.1 Mine Drainage .................................................................
61
2.3.2.2 Mine Dewatering..............................................................
61
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ..................................................................
63
2.3
3.1
Objek Penelitian ................................................................................
63
3.2
Tahapan Penelitian ............................................................................
63
3.2.1 Tahap Persiapan Penelitian ........................................................
63
3.2.2 Tahap Pekerjaan Lapangan ........................................................
66
3.2.3 Tahap Pengolahan Data..............................................................
66
3.2.3.1 Tahap Analisis Hidrologi .................................................
66
3.2.3.2 Tahap Analisis Hidrogeologi ...........................................
68
3.2.3.3 Tahap Dewatering ............................................................
69
3.2.4 Tahap Penulisan Laporan ...........................................................
70
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN ........................................................................
71
4.1
4.2
Analisis Hidrologi..............................................................................
71
4.1.1 Identifikasi Daerah Tangkapan Air (DTA) ................................
71
4.1.2 Identifikasi Profil Sungai dan Kecepatan Aliran .......................
73
4.1.3 Identifikasi Daya Infiltrasi .........................................................
75
4.1.4 Analisis Water Balance ..............................................................
77
4.1.5 Identifikasi Tipe Iklim................................................................
83
4.1.6 Analisis Statistika Hujan Rencana .............................................
85
4.1.7 Analisis Statistika Debit Banjir Rencana ...................................
89
Analisis Hidrogeologi ........................................................................
95
4.2.1 Identifikasi Pola Aliran Airtanah ...............................................
95
4.2.2 Identifikasi Akuifer ....................................................................
98
4.2.3 Identifikasi Kuantitas Airtanah ..................................................
102
vii
Dewatering ........................................................................................
105
4.3.1 Sistem Penyaliran Tambang .......................................................
105
4.3.1.1 Desain Saluran Drainase DTA West Pit...........................
108
4.3.1.2 Desain Saluran Drainase DTA East Pit ...........................
110
4.3.2 Upaya Penirisan Tambang .........................................................
112
KESIMPULAN ...................................................................................
115
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................
118
4.3
BAB V
viii