The Analysis Of Conflicts In Oscar Wilde’s Play“The Importance Of Being Earnest”
THE ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS IN OSCAR WILDE’S
PLAY“THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING EARNEST”
A PAPER
BY
PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE
REG. NO: 112202073
DIPLOMA – III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2014
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
It has been approved by
Supervisor,
Drs. ParlindunganPurba, M.Hum.
NIP. 19630216198903 1 003
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English
Approved by
Head of Diploma III English Study Program,
Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A.
NIP. 19521126198112 1 001
Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
as a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the D-III Examination of the Diploma-III Examination of the Diploma III English
Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
Dean,
Dr. SyahronLubis, M. A.
NIP. 19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examiners/Readers
No.
Name
Signature
1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)
( ……………….. )
2. Drs. ParlindunganPurba, M.Hum. (Supervisor)
( ……………….. )
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
3. Mahmud AriefAlbar, S.S., M.A.
(Reader)
( ……………….. )
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE, declare that I am the sole of
author of this paper. Except where reference is made in the text of this paper,
this paper contains no material published elsewhere of extracted in whole or in
part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main
text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another
degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
Date
:
July 2014
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE
Title of Paper : THE ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS IN OSCAR WILDE‟S
PLAY“THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING EARNEST”
Qualification : D-III/Ahli Madya
Study Program : English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture
Studies USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation
under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
I am not willing that my papers be made available for reproduction.
Signed :
Date
:
July 2014
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Dalam tulisan ini penulis menggunakan sebuah drama oleh Oscar Wilde, seorang
pria kontroversial surat Inggris. Makalah ini berfokus pada konflik karakter utama
di drama dari Oscar Wilde yang berjudul“The Importance of Being Earnest.”
Dalam penulisan makalah ini, penulis melakukan metode penelitian kepustakaan
untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dengan menggunakan beberapa buku
dan internet yang berkaitan dengan masalah untuk menganalisis aspek-aspek
intrinsik seperti karakter dan plot.
Dalam The Importance of Being Earnest, Jack dan Algernon, adalah dua karakter
yang memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Masing-masing dari mereka menciptakan
karakter lain. Jack menciptakan Ernest dan Algernon menciptakan Bunbury.
Memiliki dua nama yang berbeda, mereka bisa melakukan apa saja di dua tempat
yang berbeda, di kota dan di negara ini. Selain itu, karakter utama mengalami
konflik baik internal dan eksternal selama drama berlangsung. Terutama, baik
Jack dan Algernon memiliki konflik internal yang sama. Mereka khawatir jika
suatu hari nanti identitas mereka akan terungkap oleh gadis-gadis yang mereka
sukai. Sementara konflik Jack terhadap Lady Bracknell tentang asal-nya membuat
dia berusaha keras untuk mengungkapkannya. Algernon menyamar sebagai Ernest
di Manor House, tempat Jack, membuat identitas asli mereka akhirnya terungkap
dan menjelaskan asal Jack melalui Nona Prism dan penjelasan Lady Bracknell itu.
Kesimpulannya, konflik internal dan eksternal dari Jack dan Algernon
menyebabkan terungkapnya asal Jack. Kedua konflik internal dan eksternal
mempengaruhi plot drama, seperti konflik Algernon terhadap Jack menyebabkan
dia berpura-pura sebagai Ernest di Manor House agar ia dapat menemui Cecily,
dan konflik internal Jack menyebabkan dia memutuskan untuk menghilang
kansaudara laki-laki yang ia ciptakan, Ernest.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
In this paper the writer uses a drama by Oscar Wilde, a controversial man of
letters of England. This paper focuses on the main characters‟ conflicts in Oscar
Wilde‟s The Importance of Being Earnest.
In writing this paper, the writer conducts library research method to collect the
data and information by using some books and internet which are related to the
problem for analyzing the intrinsic aspects such as character and plot.
In The Importance of Being Earnest, Jack and Algernon, are two characters who
have different characteristics. Each of them creates another character. Jack creates
Ernest and Algernon creates Bunbury. Having two different names, they can do
anything in two different places, in the town and in the country. In addition, the
main characters experience both internal and external conflict during the drama.
Mainly, both Jack and Algernon have the same internal conflict. They concern if
someday their real identity would be revealed by their girls. Meanwhile Jack‟s
conflict toward Lady Bracknell about his origin makes him try hard to reveal it.
Algernon‟s undercover as Ernest at Manor House, Jack‟s place, makes their real
identity are finally revealed and clear up Jack‟s origin through Miss Prism and
Lady Bracknell‟s explanation. In conclusion, the internal and external conflicts of
Jack and Algernon lead to the revelation of Jack‟s origin. Both internal and
external conflicts influence the plots of drama, such as Algernon‟s conflict toward
Jack causes him to pretend as Ernest at Manor House in order that he can meet
Cecily, and Jack‟s internal conflict causes him decided to vanish his created
brother, Ernest.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillahirobbil „alamin… All praises and thanks are just for ALLAH
SubhanahuwaTa‟ala, the almighty God and the Lord of the universe who gives
me health, time, love, and strength in my life especially from I begin my study in
English Diploma Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara. I never forget to say Shalawat and greeting to the big prophet
Muhammad SAW, who has brought us from the darkness to the brightness as we
feel today.
Therefore, in this priceless occasion, I would like to utter my sincere gratitude to:
1. The Dean of Faculty of Culture Study, Dr. Syahron Lubis, MA.
2. The Head of Diploma III English Department program, Dr. Matius C.A.
Sembiring, M.A, for giving the approval and supporting the fulfillment of this
paper.
3. My academic consultant, Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A.
4. My supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Hum, for checking my
grammar and language errors in my paper. And also thank you for his
enduring support, patience and wise suggestions.
5. My reader, Mahmud Arief Albar, S.S., M.A, for his valuable time to read
my paper.
6. All the lecturers of D-III English Department, for sharing their priceless
knowledge and precious experience.
7. All the USU librarians in both faculty and center library, for helping me in
finding and copying paper references.
ix
Universitas Sumatera Utara
8. My beloved father, Zulfikar Iskandar Muda Dalimunthe, thank you for
reminding me about my paper. My lovely mother, Dewi Susi Suryani, you
are the greatest woman that I ever had. Thank you for being patient with me,
thanks for your trust, the moral values, financial support, advices, love and
prayers for me. I am so proud to have father and mother like both of you.
9. My beloved sister, Ananda Putri Pratiwi Dalimunthe and my brother,
Muhammad Faisal Abda’u Dalimunthe, thanks for giving me love, care and
support. Keep our relationship forever!!!
10. My beloved Aunty, Muharni Daliani Dalimunthe and my uncle, Yan Firman,
Thank you for being my great parents when I‟m studying here. Thanks for the
financial support, love, care, advice, and prayers for me.
11. All my families member, Thanks for being such a nice and wise siblings.
Especially for my beloved cousin, Muhammad Fachriza Husein Dalimunthe,
thanks for push myself to finish this paper as soon as possible.
12. Thanks to Muhammad Idris Sapani, although now we are not together, but
you have given me the greatest support in finishing it. Thank for your love,
care, advice and patient. And trust me that „true love never runs smooth‟.
13. My everlasting friends, Rizky Juliant “Kibot”, Tisha Milaqmar “Mak Tis”,
Rizky Alvionita Sari “Bebeb Nita”, Zulfida Sari “Bebeb Fida” and Ilham
Mulhakim “Iam”. Our togetherness during this decade is a great moment in
my life!
x
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. All my friends in D-III English department ‟011 at class A and B, thanks for
being such a nice friends and giving me your support. USU is the witness of
our incredible moments!
15. My fellas everywhere, but I cannot mention one by one since the limitation of
the space. Thank you for giving comments and suggestions every time when I
am sharing my joy and pain. Hopefully God gives His blessing to all of you.
Thank you very much, everybody.
In the end, I truly realize that some imperfectness might occur in this
paper. Thus, I am gladly looking forward to any constructive advices and critics
from the readers. Hopefully, this work can give a valuable contribution to the field
of literary study. Aamiin yaa robbal‟alamiin…
Medan, 20 May 2014
The writer,
Putri Rizki Annisa Dalimunthe
xi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF TITLE
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION.................................................................
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .............................................................
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................
TABLEOF CONTENTS ...........................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................
1.1 Background of the Study ......................................................................
1.2 Problem of the Study.............................................................................
1.3 Scope of the Study ...............................................................................
1.4 Purposes of the Study ...........................................................................
1.5 Method of the Study .............................................................................
1
1
3
3
3
4
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ..........................................
2.1 Definition of Character and Characterization ......................................
2.2 Definition of Conflict ...........................................................................
2.3 Definition of Plot .................................................................................
5
5
8
9
3. THE ANALYSIS ...................................................................................
3.1 John Worthing (Jack Cardew) ..............................................................
3.2 Algernon Moncrieff (Algy) ..................................................................
3.3 The Conflicts of the Main Characters ..................................................
3.3.1 Jack‟s Internal Conflict .....................................................................
3.3.2 Algernon‟s Internal Conflict .............................................................
3.4 The External Conflict ...........................................................................
3.5 The Plot of Oscar Wilde‟s The Importance of Being Earnest .............
3.5.1 Exposition .........................................................................................
3.5.2 Rising Action ....................................................................................
3.5.3 Climax ...............................................................................................
3.5.4 Falling Action ...................................................................................
3.5.5 Resolution (Denouement) .................................................................
11
11
14
16
16
17
18
21
21
22
24
24
26
4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ..............................................
4.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................
4.2 Suggestions ..........................................................................................
27
27
28
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Biography of Oscar Wilde
Synopsis of “The Importance of Being Earnest”
xiii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PLAY“THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING EARNEST”
A PAPER
BY
PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE
REG. NO: 112202073
DIPLOMA – III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDIES
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2014
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
It has been approved by
Supervisor,
Drs. ParlindunganPurba, M.Hum.
NIP. 19630216198903 1 003
Submitted to Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English
Approved by
Head of Diploma III English Study Program,
Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A.
NIP. 19521126198112 1 001
Approved by the Diploma III English Study Program
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
as a Paper for the Diploma (D-III) Examination
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the D-III Examination of the Diploma-III Examination of the Diploma III English
Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.
The examination is held on
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
Dean,
Dr. SyahronLubis, M. A.
NIP. 19511013197603 1 001
Board of Examiners/Readers
No.
Name
Signature
1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembiring, M.A. (Head of ESP)
( ……………….. )
2. Drs. ParlindunganPurba, M.Hum. (Supervisor)
( ……………….. )
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
3. Mahmud AriefAlbar, S.S., M.A.
(Reader)
( ……………….. )
iv
Universitas Sumatera Utara
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE, declare that I am the sole of
author of this paper. Except where reference is made in the text of this paper,
this paper contains no material published elsewhere of extracted in whole or in
part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person‟s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the main
text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another
degree in any tertiary education.
Signed :
Date
:
July 2014
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name
: PUTRI RIZKI ANNISA DALIMUNTHE
Title of Paper : THE ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS IN OSCAR WILDE‟S
PLAY“THE IMPORTANCE OF BEING EARNEST”
Qualification : D-III/Ahli Madya
Study Program : English
I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion
of the Libertarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty of Culture
Studies USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation
under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
I am not willing that my papers be made available for reproduction.
Signed :
Date
:
July 2014
iii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRAK
Dalam tulisan ini penulis menggunakan sebuah drama oleh Oscar Wilde, seorang
pria kontroversial surat Inggris. Makalah ini berfokus pada konflik karakter utama
di drama dari Oscar Wilde yang berjudul“The Importance of Being Earnest.”
Dalam penulisan makalah ini, penulis melakukan metode penelitian kepustakaan
untuk mengumpulkan data dan informasi dengan menggunakan beberapa buku
dan internet yang berkaitan dengan masalah untuk menganalisis aspek-aspek
intrinsik seperti karakter dan plot.
Dalam The Importance of Being Earnest, Jack dan Algernon, adalah dua karakter
yang memiliki karakteristik yang berbeda. Masing-masing dari mereka menciptakan
karakter lain. Jack menciptakan Ernest dan Algernon menciptakan Bunbury.
Memiliki dua nama yang berbeda, mereka bisa melakukan apa saja di dua tempat
yang berbeda, di kota dan di negara ini. Selain itu, karakter utama mengalami
konflik baik internal dan eksternal selama drama berlangsung. Terutama, baik
Jack dan Algernon memiliki konflik internal yang sama. Mereka khawatir jika
suatu hari nanti identitas mereka akan terungkap oleh gadis-gadis yang mereka
sukai. Sementara konflik Jack terhadap Lady Bracknell tentang asal-nya membuat
dia berusaha keras untuk mengungkapkannya. Algernon menyamar sebagai Ernest
di Manor House, tempat Jack, membuat identitas asli mereka akhirnya terungkap
dan menjelaskan asal Jack melalui Nona Prism dan penjelasan Lady Bracknell itu.
Kesimpulannya, konflik internal dan eksternal dari Jack dan Algernon
menyebabkan terungkapnya asal Jack. Kedua konflik internal dan eksternal
mempengaruhi plot drama, seperti konflik Algernon terhadap Jack menyebabkan
dia berpura-pura sebagai Ernest di Manor House agar ia dapat menemui Cecily,
dan konflik internal Jack menyebabkan dia memutuskan untuk menghilang
kansaudara laki-laki yang ia ciptakan, Ernest.
v
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
In this paper the writer uses a drama by Oscar Wilde, a controversial man of
letters of England. This paper focuses on the main characters‟ conflicts in Oscar
Wilde‟s The Importance of Being Earnest.
In writing this paper, the writer conducts library research method to collect the
data and information by using some books and internet which are related to the
problem for analyzing the intrinsic aspects such as character and plot.
In The Importance of Being Earnest, Jack and Algernon, are two characters who
have different characteristics. Each of them creates another character. Jack creates
Ernest and Algernon creates Bunbury. Having two different names, they can do
anything in two different places, in the town and in the country. In addition, the
main characters experience both internal and external conflict during the drama.
Mainly, both Jack and Algernon have the same internal conflict. They concern if
someday their real identity would be revealed by their girls. Meanwhile Jack‟s
conflict toward Lady Bracknell about his origin makes him try hard to reveal it.
Algernon‟s undercover as Ernest at Manor House, Jack‟s place, makes their real
identity are finally revealed and clear up Jack‟s origin through Miss Prism and
Lady Bracknell‟s explanation. In conclusion, the internal and external conflicts of
Jack and Algernon lead to the revelation of Jack‟s origin. Both internal and
external conflicts influence the plots of drama, such as Algernon‟s conflict toward
Jack causes him to pretend as Ernest at Manor House in order that he can meet
Cecily, and Jack‟s internal conflict causes him decided to vanish his created
brother, Ernest.
vii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillahirobbil „alamin… All praises and thanks are just for ALLAH
SubhanahuwaTa‟ala, the almighty God and the Lord of the universe who gives
me health, time, love, and strength in my life especially from I begin my study in
English Diploma Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of
Sumatera Utara. I never forget to say Shalawat and greeting to the big prophet
Muhammad SAW, who has brought us from the darkness to the brightness as we
feel today.
Therefore, in this priceless occasion, I would like to utter my sincere gratitude to:
1. The Dean of Faculty of Culture Study, Dr. Syahron Lubis, MA.
2. The Head of Diploma III English Department program, Dr. Matius C.A.
Sembiring, M.A, for giving the approval and supporting the fulfillment of this
paper.
3. My academic consultant, Dr. Ridwan Hanafiah, M.A.
4. My supervisor, Drs. Parlindungan Purba, M. Hum, for checking my
grammar and language errors in my paper. And also thank you for his
enduring support, patience and wise suggestions.
5. My reader, Mahmud Arief Albar, S.S., M.A, for his valuable time to read
my paper.
6. All the lecturers of D-III English Department, for sharing their priceless
knowledge and precious experience.
7. All the USU librarians in both faculty and center library, for helping me in
finding and copying paper references.
ix
Universitas Sumatera Utara
8. My beloved father, Zulfikar Iskandar Muda Dalimunthe, thank you for
reminding me about my paper. My lovely mother, Dewi Susi Suryani, you
are the greatest woman that I ever had. Thank you for being patient with me,
thanks for your trust, the moral values, financial support, advices, love and
prayers for me. I am so proud to have father and mother like both of you.
9. My beloved sister, Ananda Putri Pratiwi Dalimunthe and my brother,
Muhammad Faisal Abda’u Dalimunthe, thanks for giving me love, care and
support. Keep our relationship forever!!!
10. My beloved Aunty, Muharni Daliani Dalimunthe and my uncle, Yan Firman,
Thank you for being my great parents when I‟m studying here. Thanks for the
financial support, love, care, advice, and prayers for me.
11. All my families member, Thanks for being such a nice and wise siblings.
Especially for my beloved cousin, Muhammad Fachriza Husein Dalimunthe,
thanks for push myself to finish this paper as soon as possible.
12. Thanks to Muhammad Idris Sapani, although now we are not together, but
you have given me the greatest support in finishing it. Thank for your love,
care, advice and patient. And trust me that „true love never runs smooth‟.
13. My everlasting friends, Rizky Juliant “Kibot”, Tisha Milaqmar “Mak Tis”,
Rizky Alvionita Sari “Bebeb Nita”, Zulfida Sari “Bebeb Fida” and Ilham
Mulhakim “Iam”. Our togetherness during this decade is a great moment in
my life!
x
Universitas Sumatera Utara
14. All my friends in D-III English department ‟011 at class A and B, thanks for
being such a nice friends and giving me your support. USU is the witness of
our incredible moments!
15. My fellas everywhere, but I cannot mention one by one since the limitation of
the space. Thank you for giving comments and suggestions every time when I
am sharing my joy and pain. Hopefully God gives His blessing to all of you.
Thank you very much, everybody.
In the end, I truly realize that some imperfectness might occur in this
paper. Thus, I am gladly looking forward to any constructive advices and critics
from the readers. Hopefully, this work can give a valuable contribution to the field
of literary study. Aamiin yaa robbal‟alamiin…
Medan, 20 May 2014
The writer,
Putri Rizki Annisa Dalimunthe
xi
Universitas Sumatera Utara
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF TITLE
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION.................................................................
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .............................................................
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................
ABSTRACT ...............................................................................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................
TABLEOF CONTENTS ...........................................................................
i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................
1.1 Background of the Study ......................................................................
1.2 Problem of the Study.............................................................................
1.3 Scope of the Study ...............................................................................
1.4 Purposes of the Study ...........................................................................
1.5 Method of the Study .............................................................................
1
1
3
3
3
4
2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ..........................................
2.1 Definition of Character and Characterization ......................................
2.2 Definition of Conflict ...........................................................................
2.3 Definition of Plot .................................................................................
5
5
8
9
3. THE ANALYSIS ...................................................................................
3.1 John Worthing (Jack Cardew) ..............................................................
3.2 Algernon Moncrieff (Algy) ..................................................................
3.3 The Conflicts of the Main Characters ..................................................
3.3.1 Jack‟s Internal Conflict .....................................................................
3.3.2 Algernon‟s Internal Conflict .............................................................
3.4 The External Conflict ...........................................................................
3.5 The Plot of Oscar Wilde‟s The Importance of Being Earnest .............
3.5.1 Exposition .........................................................................................
3.5.2 Rising Action ....................................................................................
3.5.3 Climax ...............................................................................................
3.5.4 Falling Action ...................................................................................
3.5.5 Resolution (Denouement) .................................................................
11
11
14
16
16
17
18
21
21
22
24
24
26
4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ..............................................
4.1 Conclusion ...........................................................................................
4.2 Suggestions ..........................................................................................
27
27
28
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
Biography of Oscar Wilde
Synopsis of “The Importance of Being Earnest”
xiii
Universitas Sumatera Utara