PRAPERADILAN (KASUS KAPAL DAGANG ASING MV. CHERRY NAVEE DI PENGADILAN NEGERI JAKARTA UTARA) Repository - UNAIR REPOSITORY

  P RAP E RADI L AN ( KAS US RAP AL DAGANG AS I NG MV. CHE RRY NAVEE

  DI P E NGADI L AN NEGERI J ARART A UTARA)

  1. Ur a i a n F a k t a I n d o n e s i a a d a l a h n e g a r a y a n g b e r d a s a r k a n h u k u m, d i ma n a p e me r i n t a h a n n y a b e r d a s a r k a n p a d a k o n s t i t u s i ( h u k u m d a s a r ) d a n b u k a n b e r s i f a t a b s o l u t ( k e k u a s a a n y a n g t i d a k t e r b a t a s ) . De n g a n d e mi k i a n p e n g a k u a n d a n p e r l i n d u n g a n t e r h a d a p h a k - h a k a z a s i ma n u s i a d a n a a s l e g a l i t a s me r u p a -

  2

  k a n u n s u r - u n s u r y a n g p e n t i n g d a l a m s u a t u n e g a r a h u k u m, s e p e r t i y a n g d i k e mu k a k a n o l e h Ho h . Ru n a r d i d a n Ha r ma i l y I b r a h i m :

  " . . . b a h wa s e t i a p t i n d a k a n d a r i p e me r i n t a h d a n s e g e n a p a l a t p e r l e n g k a p a n n e g a r a t e r h a d a p r a k y a t n y a h a r u s b e r d a s a r k a n h u k u m- h u k u m y a n g b e r l a k u , y a n g d i t e n t u k a n o l e h r a k y a t a t a u wa k i l n y a d i d a l a m Ba d a n P e r wa k i l a n Ra k y a t . J a d i b u k a n b e r d a s a r k a n k e h e n d a k p e n g u a s a p r i - b a d i a t a u t i n d a k a n s e we n a n g - we n a n g y a n g me mp e r k o s a h a k - h a k a z a s i ma n u s i a . Be g i t u p u l a d i d a l a m s u a t u n e g a r a h u k u m r a k y a t h e n d a k n y a me ma t u h i h u k u m- h u k u m y a n g t e l a h d i b u a t n y a d e n g a n me l a l u i p a r a wa k i l n y a . S e t i a p p e r b u a t a n y a n g me n y i mp a n g d a r i h u k u m- h u k u m y a n g t e l a h b e r l a k u h e n d a k n y a d i t u n t u t me l a l u i h u k u m y a n g b e r l a k u " . 1

  L a h i r n y a Un d a n g - u n d a n g No mo r 8 T a h u n 1 9 8 1 t e n t a n g Hu k u m Ac a r a P i d a n a me mb a wa e r a b a r u d a l a m d u n i a p e r a d i l a n i Mo h . Ku s n a d i d a n Ha r ma i l y

  I b r a h i m, P e n g a n t a r Hu k u m T a t a Ke g a r a l n d o n e s i a . P a n g e r a n

  J a y a Of f s e t , 1 9 7 6 , J a k a r t a , h. 1 0 9 .

  M U ' 1* f f c l t PUSTAf c AAH . - UNl t b K^ H A*

  _ „ V A - S e l a i n me r u p a k a n p r o d u k n a s i o n a l y a n g me n g g a n t i k a n h u k u m c i p t a a n k o l o n i a l , u n d a n g - u n d a n g i n i j u g a l e b i h me mb e r i k a n p e r l i n d u n g a n t e r h a d a p h a k a z a s i ma n u s i a . Ki t a b Un d a n g -

  Un d a n g Hu k u m Ac a r a P i d a n a ( KUHAP ) i n i me r u p a k a n l a n d a s a n h u k u m b a g i p r o s e s b e r a c a r a p i d a n a , y a n g me mb a wa k o n s e k u - e n s i b a h wa a p a r a t p e n e g a k h u k u m d a l a m me n j a l a n k a n t u g a s - n y a d i t u n t u t u n t u k me n i n g g a l k a n c a r a - c a r a l a ma y a n g k u r a n g me mp e r h a t i k a n h a k a z a s i ma n u s i a .

  Da l a m KUHAP d i a t u r a n t a r a l a i n t e n t a n g l e mb a g a p r a p e r a d i l a n , s e b a g a i ma n a t e r ma k t u b d a l a m p a s a l 1 b u t i r 1 0 KUHAP , d a n Ba b X b a g i a n k e s a t u p a s a l 7 7 s a mp a i p a s a l 8 3 KUHAP . L e mb a g a P r a p e r a d i l a n i n i me r u p a k a n h a l y a n g b a r u , k a r e n a p a d a p e r a t u r a n s e b e l u mn y a , y a i t u , He t He r z i e n e I n l a n d s c h Re g l e me n t ( HI R) t i d a k d i k e n a l . Na mu n , p r a p e r a d i l a n b u k a n l a h s u a t u b a d a n y a n g b e r d i r i s e n d i r i , me l a i n k a n h a n y a me r u p a k a n s e b a g i a n we we n a n g P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i .

  De wa s a i n i ma s i h b a n y a k s o r o t a n ma s y a r a k a t t e r h a ­ d a p a p a r a t p e n e g a k h u k u m k h u s u s n y a p i h a k Ke p o l i s i a n y a n g s e d a n g me l a k u k a n p e n y e l i d i k a n a t a u p u n p e n y i d i k a n t e r h a d a p s u a t u k a s u s t i n d a k p i d a n a , i n i k a r e n a p i h a k k e p o l i s i a n l a h y a n g me n a n g a n i p e r t a ma k a l i s u a t u t i n d a k p i d a n a . Na mu n , a p a r a t p e n e g a k h u k u m a d a l a h ma n u s i a b i a s a y a n g t i d a k l u - p u t d a r i k e s a l a h a n . De mi k i a n p u l a d e n g a n a n g g o t a P o l r i . me s k i p u n d a l a m me l a k s a n a k a n t u g a s n y a d i t u n t u t b e r t i n d a k b e n a r , t e t a p i s e b a g a i ma n u s i a b i a s a t e n t u d a p a t b e r t i n d a k k e l i r u , s a l a h , d a n d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h wa t a k - wa t a k ma n u s i a d a l a m me l a k s a n a k a n t u g a s d a n we we n a n g n y a . Ol e h k a r e n a i t u s e l a l u a d a k e mu n g k i n a n t e r j a d i k e s a l a h a n y a n g d a p a t d i p r a p e r a d i l a n k a n o l e h me r e k a y a n g me r a s a d i r u g i - k a n .

  Da p a t d i k a t a k a n b a h wa p r a p e r a d i l a n me r u p a k a n l e mb a g a k o n t r o l t e r h a d a p t i n d a k a n y a n g t e l a h d i l a k u k a n o l e h p e n y i d i k d a n p e n u n t u t u mu m d a l a m me l a k s a n a k a n t u g a s ­ n y a , b i l a t i d a k s e s u a i d e n g a n h u k u m a c a r a p i d a n a .

  S e s u a i d e n g a n u r a i a n t e r s e b u t , s a y a me n g a j u k a n k a s u s y a n g t e l a h d i p u t u s d i P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i J a k a r t a Ut a r a , y a i t u , p e r k a r a N o . 0 2 / P r a - P e r / P e n . P i d / 1 9 8 8 / P N. J U . t a n g g a l 1 0 Ok t o b e r 1 9 8 8 , u n t u k d i b a h a s .

  S u r a t p o r n Ch u l a s o p h o n s r i , b e r a l a ma t d i J a l a n T e b e t Ba r a t Da l a m A/ 8 J a k a r t a S e l a t a n , me l a l u i k u a s a n y a M . Re my Nu r s a , S . H. , a d v o k a t d a n p e n g a c a r a y a n g b e r k e d u d u k a n d i

  J a l a n P i n t u Ai r No . 7 J a k a r t a P u s a t , b e r d a s a r k a n s u r a t k u a s a k h u s u s t a n g g a l 2 4 S e p t e mb e r 1 9 8 8 , t e l a h me n g a j u k a n ma s a l a h k a p a l n y a y a n g b e r n a ma M. V. Ch e r r y Na v e e me l a l u i l e mb a g a P r a p e r a d i l a n , d i P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i J a k a r t a Ut a r a , s e b a g a i p e mo h o n , t e r h a d a p :

  1. Ke p o l i s i a n Ne g a r a RI . . . . . . . . . . t e r mo h o n I

  2. De p a r t e me n P e r h u b u n g a n c q . S y a h b a n d a r . . . . t e r mo h o n I I

  Be r a wa l d a r i k a p a l d a g a n g mi l i k p e mo h o n d e n g a n n a - ma M. V. Ch e r r y Na v e e y a n g s e l a ma i n i s a n d a r d i p e l a b u h a n T a n j u n g P r i o k , a k a n b e r a n g k a t me n i n g g a l k a n p e l a b u h a n p a d a t a n g g a l 1 1 J u n i 1 9 8 8 . T e r n y a t a k e b e r a n g k a t a n k a p a l t e r s e - b u t t i d a k d i i j i n k a n o l e h p i h a k s y a h b a n d a r . S y a h b a n d a r me me r i n t a h k a n a g a r k e b e r a n g k a t a n k a p a l t e r s e b u t d i t u n d a s a mp a i p e me r i k s a a n o l e h p i h a k k e p o l i s i a n s e l e s a i d i l a k u - k a n . P e r i n t a h s y a h b a n d a r t e r s e b u t d i d a s a r i o l e h p e r mi n - t a a n p i h a k Ke p o l i s i a n RI u n t u k me mp e r l a n c a r p e me r i k s a a n .

  P e me r i k s a a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n p i h a k k e p o l i s i a n j u g a me n g a mb i l s e mu a p a s p o r t ABK d a n n a h k o d a k a p a l , s e r t a me mb a wa b u k u - b u k u k a p a l t e r s e b u t . Be r s a ma a n d e n g a n i t u p e mo h o n j u g a t e l a h d i p e r i k s a s e b a g a i s a k s i o l e h p i h a k k e p o l i s i a n . T e r n y a t a s e mu a t i n d a k a n p i h a k k e p o l i s i a n t e r s e b u t t i d a k p e r n a h d i b u a t s u r a t " p e n y i t a a n " d a n

  " p e n a h a n a n " , s e r t a p e mo h o n t i d a k p e r n a h d i b e r i t u r u n a n b e r i t a a c a r a p e me r i k s a a n n y a . Ak i b a t d i l a r a n g n y a k a p a l p e mo h o n u n t u k b e r l a y a r k e mb a l i , P e mo h o n t e l a h d i r u g i k a n s e b e s a r R p . US $ 6 8 0 . 0 0 0 p l u s u a n g a d v o k a t US $ 5 0 . 0 0 0 .

  Da r i f a k t a t e r s e b u t , p e mo h o n me n u n t u t a g a r p e n g a - d i l a n me mb e r i k a n p u t u s a n y a n g p a d a p o k o k n y a s e b a g a i b e r i - k u t a . Me n y a t a k a n b a h wa “ p e n y i t a a n d a n p e n a h a n a n * ' a t a s k a p a l

  MV Ch e r r y Na v e e o l e h p a r a t e r mo h o n I - I I a d a l a h t i d a k s a h me n u r u t h u k u m. b. He n e t a p k a n b a h wa k a p a l MV Ch e r r y Na v e e t e r s e b u t h a r u s s e g e r a d i k e mb a l i k a n k e p a d a p e mo h o n . c . Me n g h u k u m t e r mo h o n I u n t u k me mb a y a r g a n t i r u g i u a n g k e p a d a p e mo h o n s e b e s a r US $ 7 5 0 . 0 0 0 s e c a r a t u n a i . d . d s t . . . d s t . . .

  P i h a k t e r mo h o n I ( k e p o l i s i a n RI ) me n j a wa b y a n g p a d a p o k o k n y a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : P i h a k Ke p o l i s i a n RI t i d a k p e r n a h me l a k u k a n t i n d a - k a n p e n y i t a a n d a n p e n a h a n a n t e r h a d a p k a p a l MV. Ch e r r y

  Na v e e . P i h a k Ke p o l i s i a n h a n y a me l a k u k a n " t i n d a k a n l a i n me n u r u t h u k u m y a n g b e r t a n g g u n g j a wa b " s e s u a i p a s a l 5 ( 1 ) a . b u t i r 4 KUHAP .

  T i n d a k a n Ke p o l i s i a n a d a l a h b e n a r me n g a mb i l p a s p o r t ABK d a n Na h k o d a Ka p a l , t e t a p i b e b e r a p a h a r i k e mu d i a n d i k e mb a l i k a n l a g i , d e mi k i a n p u l a d e n g a n b u k u - b u k u k a p a l t e r s e b u t . Ka r e n a t i n d a k a n Ke p o l i s i a n t e r s e b u t a d a l a h b u k a n me r u p a k a n t i n d a k a n " p e n y i t a a n " , ma k a p i h a k k e p o l i ­ s i a n me ma n d a n g t i d a k p e r l u i j i n d a r i Ke t u a P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i .

  P i h a k t e r mo h o n I I ( S y a h b a n d a r P e l a b u h a n T a n j u n g P r i o k ) me n j a wa b y a n g p o k o k n y a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

  Di t u n d a n y a k e b e r a n g k a t a n k a p a l d a g a n g t e r s e b u t k a r e n a p e r i n t a h S y a h b a n d a r s e s u a i d e n g a n p e r mi n t a a n p i h a k Ke p o l i s i a n R I . P e r i n t a h s y a h b a n d a r p e l a b u h a n t e r s e b u t d i k e l u a r k a n s e s u a i d e n g a n k e we n a n g a n y a n g d i mi l i k i me n u - r u t P e r a t u r a n S y a h b a n d a r 1 9 2 5 , y a n g s i f a t n y a a d a l a h Ad mi n i s t r a t i f Re p r e s i f No n J u d i c i a l .

  Ha k i m p e r t a ma P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i J a k a r t a Ut a r a y a n g me me r i k s a p e r k a r a P r a p e r a d i l a n i n i me mb e r i k a n p u t u s a n y a n g p a d a p o k o k n y a a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t . :

  Me n y a t a k a n b a h wa p e n y i t a a n d a n p e n a h a n a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n o l e h p a r a t e r mo h o n a t a s Ka p a l Da g a n g MV. Ch e r r y Na v e e mi l i k p e mo h o n a d a l a h t i d a k s a h me n u r u t h u k u m.

  Me n e t a p k a n b a h wa k a p a l Da g a n g MV. Ch e r r y Na v e e s e g e r a d i k e mb a l i k a n k e p a d a p e mo h o n . Me n g h u k u m t e r mo h o n I u n t u k me mb a y a r u a n g g a n t i r u g i k e p a d a p e mo h o n s e b e s a r Rp . 5 0 0 . 0 0 0 , - , d s t . . , d s t .

  At a s k e p u t u s a n P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i J a k a r t a Ut a r a t e r s e b u t , J a k s a Ag u n g . d e mi k e p e n t i n g a n h u k u m me n g a j u k a n p e me r i k s a a n k a s a s i p a d a Ma h k a ma h Ag u n g RI , d e n g a n me n g e - mu k a k a n " k e b e r a t a n k a s a s i " , y a n g p o k o k n y a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :

  T i n d a k a n k e p o l i s i a n - a t a s Ka p a l Da g a n g MV. Ch e r r y Na v e e b u k a n l a h t i n d a k a n p e n y i t a a n d a n p e n a h a n a n d a r i p e n y i d i k k e p o l i s i a n . T i n d a k a n t e r s e b u t me r u p a k a n t i n d a k a n

  " a d mi n i s t r a t i f n o n j u d i s i a l " y a n g d i l a k u k a n o l e h s y a h b a n ­ d a r s e s u a i d e n g a n we we n a n g n y a e x p a s a l 2 3 ( 2 ) P e r a t u r a n Ba n d a r 1 9 2 5 . Ol e h k a r e n a i t u b i l a p e mi l i k k a p a l k e b e r a t a n a t a s t i n d a k a n t e r s e b u t , ma k a y a n g b e r h a k me mu t u s a d a l a n P e r a d i l a n Ta t a Us a h a Ne g a r a .

  7 P e n g a d i l a n t i d a k me n i l a i a p a k a h p e mo h o n a d a l a h s u b y e k p r a p e r a d i l a n a t a u b u k a n . Da l a m k a s u s i n i t i d a k a d a p e n a n g k a p a n , p e n a h a n a n , p e n y i d i k a n , p e n g h e n t i a n p e n y i d i k - k a n , ma u p u n p e n g h e n t i a n p e n u n t u t a n , d a n p e mo h o n a d a l a h b u k a n p i h a k k e t i g a , e x p a s a l 8 0 d a n 8 1 KUHAP .

  P e mo h o n j u g a b u k a n me r u p a k a n s u b y e k y a n g b e r h a k me n g a j u k a n t u n t u t a n g a n t i r u g i , s e b a b p e mo h o n b u k a n t e r d a k wa a t a u t e r p i d a n a y a n g t a n p a a l a s a n a t a u k e l i r u t e l a h d i t a n g k a p a t a u k e l i r u d i t a h a n , a t a u t i n d a k a n l a i n - n y a .

  Ma j e l i s Ma h k a ma h Ag u n g RI s e t e l a h me me r i k s a p e r k a - r a “ P r a p e r a d i l a n " y a n g p u t u s a n n y a d i mo h o n k a s a s i i n i , d a l a m p u t u s a n n y a b e r p e n d a p a t b a h wa s e mu a k e b e r a t a n k a s a s i y a n g d i a j u k a n J a k s a Ag u n g RI d a p a t d i b e n a r k a n , s e h i n g g a p u t u s a n j u d e x f a c t i d i n i l a i s a l a h me n e r a p k a n h u k u m d a n p u t u s a n n y a h a r u s d i b a t a l k a n . S e l a n j u t n y a Ma h k a ma h Ag u n g me n g a d i l i s e n d i r i p e r k a r a i n i , d a n r a e mb e r i k a n p u t u s a n y a n g p a d a i n t i n y a me mb a t a l k a n p u t u s a n P e n g a d i l a n Ne g e r i J a k a r t a Ut a r a , d a n me n o l a k p e r mo h o n a n p r a p e r a d i l a n , d s t . . . . d s t . . . .