ppt kathy schrock guide to the internet for educators 1998

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Kathy Schrock’s Guide * for Educators

Presentation
Definition of the Internet
 Approach to the Internet
 History of the Internet
 Hook it up!
 Searching the Web & evaluation
 Internet tools software
 Curriculum integration

 Creating your own home page


The Internet is a...
...distributed
hypermedia
network
of networks

Distributed
 Information

on the Internet is located
on many millions of computers

 No

one agency has jurisdiction of the
Internet; everyone plays a part

Hypermedia
 The

Internet supports many different
formats of information
 Text files
 Pictures
 Photographs
 Sound files
 Video files

Network of Networks
 Network

: two or more computers hooked

together

 Network

of networks : over 40,000
networks of computers all hooked together

The Internet is a...
Distributed
 Hypermedia
 Network of networks


How to Approach the Internet
Don’t get frustrated
 Keep it simple
 Give yourself time to explore
 “Mess with it!”
 Find a mentor to help
 Look for personal interests first


History of the Internet
 Started

in 1969 by the Advanced Research
Projects Agency (ARPA)

 The

Department of Defense wanted a system
that would still work if part of it were destroyed

 In

1983, the research computers that were
networked became ARPANET

History of the Internet
 In

1986 the National Science
Foundation took the initiative and ran
the network backbone

 In

1995, the NSF stepped out and
commercial providers took over the
Internet

Hook It Up!
Things You Need ...
 Computer
 Phone

line
 Modem (28.8 kps)
 Service provider
 Software

Computer Specs for Graphical
Access to the Internet
 IBM

PC-compatible or Macintosh
 8mb RAM (16mb better)
 DX66 or equivalent microprocessor
 250 mb+ hard drive
 Sound card is optional, but nice
 28.8 kbps modem

Internet Access Providers
 Commercial

services
(AOL, Prodigy, Compuserve)

 Local
 Call

access providers (ISP)

a local computer store for

information on ISP’s

Things to Look for in a Provider
 About

$35 for start-up and $20 per month
for unlimited Internet and
e-mail access

1

modem per 10 subscribers; toll-free
number

 Tech

support and start-up disk supplied

E-Mail Addresses
Username followed by “@” symbol

 Computer name and domain
 Domains : net, org, edu, mil, gov, com


kschrock@capecod.net
Username

Computer name & domain

URL: Uniform Resource Locator
“Address” of a file on the Internet
 Contains type of protocol followed by the
computer name, directory and file name


 http://www.capecod.net/Wixon/wixon.htm
 gopher://gopher.boombox.micro/
 ftp:// wuarchive.wustl.edu/pub/windows/psp3.zip
 mailto:kschrock@capecod.net

The World Wide Web
 A global

network of information servers
 Information may be in the form of text,
audio, video, or animation
 Many millions of sites containing
documents with links to other documents
 Fastest growing area of the Internet

Finding Information on the WWW
Search Engines
 Software programs that scan the contents
of Web servers to create large indices of
information
 User can perform keyword searches of
these indices; combining of terms
 AltaVista, Lycos, Webcrawler, HotBot

Finding Information on the WWW

Directories
 Collections of resources compiled and
organized by a person
 May be searchable via keyword
 May be general or subject-specific
 Yahoo, Magellan, Lycos A2Z

Evaluating Information on the Net







Who wrote it?
When was it written?
Why was it written?
Is it biased?
Is it authentic?

Is the author an
expert?









Is the page easy to use?
Is the page free from
HTML errors?
Are the graphics useful?
Can you verify the
information?
Is a bibliography
included?

Internet Software Needed
TCP/IP Software
 Dialer
 E-Mail Software
 WWW Browser
 Telnet Software
 IRC (Chat) Software
 FTP Software
 Newsreader Software


TCP/IP Software


TCP/IP is the language of the Internet that
allows unlike computers to “talk”
Mac TCP included with System 7.5+
Available for System 7
Windows 3.1 : Trumpet Winsock
Windows 95 : TCP/IP included

Dialer


A dialer is a piece of software that is
configured to allow your computer to
connect to a PPP or SLIP provider
Mac PPP : shareware
Windows 3.1 : Trumpet includes a dialer
Windows 95 : Network dialer included

Electronic Mail Software
Allows the user to send and receive e-mail
messages from other users or mailing lists
 Should include an address book function
 Common shareware mail programs include:
* Eudora
* Pegasus Mail
* Netscape Mail


Positive Aspects of E-Mail
 Can

easily send to one or many people

 Can

send mail any time of day or night

 May

increase students’
communication skills

World Wide Web Browser


Allows you to view WWW sites which contain text,
pictures, and sound



Netscape vs. Internet Explorer vs. Mosaic



After installation, browsers must be configured for your
machine



Easy to move back and forth between pages due to
cache

Parts of a Browser Window




Menu
Tool Bar
URL Field



Document
viewing area



Status Bar

Browser Configuration and
Helper Applications
The browser can display text and certain
formats of pictures
 For other formats the browser needs to have
“helper applications” configured
Example:
If you choose a sound file, you have to have
told the browser what piece of software on
your machine is to be run to play the file


Saving File to Disk
File-Save on browser menu
 Choose whether you want to save as a
HTML or text file
 Choose location for saving
 Does not save graphics, only text
 To save graphics, position cursor and use
right mouse button to “save this image as...”


Telnet Software
 Telnet

is the Internet protocol that allows you
to directly “hook up” with a remote, textbased computer
 Many library card catalogs are accessed via
telnet
 Less computing power is needed for the host
computer if the user is accessing via telnet

IRC (Chat Software)
 A method

of talking (via typing) to a
multitude of people at the same time

 You
 For

join a “room” of your interest

schools, appropriate use includes online
simulations and prearranged, live discussions

File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
Software


A system that allows files to be transferred
between machines on the Internet



These files include text and programs



Access is usually via “anonymous” login into
large computer archives of files;
best to
know exact location of file

FTP’ing via Netscape

Newsreader Software
 Used

to read newsgroups which are discussion
groups dedicated to specific topics; open
forums

 Accessed
 You

via a bulletin-board type of listing

can post and read messages via an e-mail
type interface

Common Newsgroup Hierarchies






alt
comp
k12
misc
rec

Newsgroups via Netscape

Newsgroups via Netscape

Subscribed
Newsgroups

Message

List

Use of the Internet in Schools
Teachers become facilitators of student
independent, active learning
 Teach students to determine whether the Internet
is the most appropriate information source
 Teach students to evaluate sites
 Integrate the Internet into the curriculum via
models such as WebQuests
 Wonderful for time-sensitive information


E-Mail Collaborative Projects









Keypals
Global classrooms
Electronic appearances
Electronic mentors
Impersonations
Information exchange
Electronic publishing
Database creation










TeleField Trips
Pooled data analysis
Information searches
Electronic process writing
Sequential creations
Parallel problem solving
Simulations
Social action projects

c1994 Judi Harris. The Way of the Ferret. ISTE.

The following information
taken from :
Serim, Fermi & Melissa Koch.
NetLearning : Why Teachers Use
the Internet. CA : O’Reilly, 1996.
(1-56592-201-8)

The Internet is useful when your
students need to know something
that is...
not in their textbooks or library
 based on data collected by the government
 likely to require specialized knowledge
 best understood from eyewitness accounts
 fast-breaking news


The Internet is not useful for...
in-depth historical information
 a quick overview or definition of a topic


The Internet is also good for :
collaborating on projects with students all
over the world
 finding and contacting experts
 getting real-world experience in researching
and evaluating information
 publishing students’ projects and
publications


The Internet is not a substitute for :
face-to-face interaction with other students
and teachers
 drawing, writing, building, planting, or any
other type of hands-on activities


Authentic Assessment
Teachers need to clearly state goals
 Teachers need to create meaningful activities
 Students need time to think about how they are
learning
 Create a rubric to evaluate student work
 Have students peer-evaluate others
 Cycle of reflecting, posting, reviewing, and
responding


HTML : Hypertext Markup Language
The standard set of codes used on the
Internet to design and view World Wide
Web pages.
 These pages are basically plain text files
with special codes inserted throughout to
tell a computer’s web browsing software
how the document should appear and
behave on the screen.


THE END

c1996 Kathy Schrock
(kschrock@capecod.net)