S SOS 1101930 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
PERNYATAAN ......................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................... iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................. vii
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................... x
DAFTAR BAGAN ..................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................. xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ...................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ................................................. 5
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................... 5
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ............................................................... 5
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus .............................................................. 5
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................. 6
1.4.1 Secara Teoritis ............................................................... 6
1.4.2 Secara Praktis ................................................................ 6
1.5 Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .................................................... 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 8
2.1 Persepsi.................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 Pengertian Pesepsi ........................................................ 8
2.1.2 Syarat dan Proses Terjadinya Pesepsi ........................... 9
2.1.3 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi ............................ 10
2.2 Interaksi Sosial ....................................................................... 12
2.1.1 Pengertian Interaksi Sosial ............................................ 12
2.1.2 Ciri-ciri Interaksi Sosial ................................................ 13
2.1.3 Syarat-syarat Interaksi Sosial ........................................ 14
2.1.4 Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Interaksi Sosial ..... 18
2.1.5 Bentuk-bentuk Interaksi Sosial ..................................... 22
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.3 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) ................... 27
2.3.1 Awal Kemunculan Penyakit ......................................... 27
2.3.2 Cara Virus Bereaksi ...................................................... 28
2.3.3 Gejala AIDS .................................................................. 28
2.3.4 Penularan Virus HIV ..................................................... 30
2.3.5 Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS .......................................... 31
2.4 Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) ....................................... 33
2.5 Stigma .................................................................................... 41
2.5.1 Pengertian Stigma ......................................................... 41
2.5.3 Stigmatisasi ................................................................... 41
2.5.2 Latar Belakang Stigmatisasi pada ODHA .................... 42
2.6 Penelitian Terdahulu .............................................................. 43
2.7 Kerangka Pemikiran ............................................................... 46
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................... 48
3.1 Desain Penelitian .................................................................... 48
3.2 Partisipan dan Tempat Penelitian ........................................... 49
3.2.1 Partisipan ....................................................................... 49
3.2.2 Tempat Penelitian ......................................................... 50
3.3 Metode Penelitian .................................................................. 50
3.4 Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 51
3.4.1 Instrumen Penelitian ..................................................... 51
3.4.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................ 52
3.5 Analisis Data .......................................................................... 54
3.5.1 Reduksi Data ................................................................. 55
3.5.2 Penyajian Data (Display Data) ..................................... 55
3.5.3 Kesimpulan/Verifikasi .................................................. 56
3.6 Uji Keabsahan Data ............................................................... 57
3.6.1 Perpanjangan Pengamatan ............................................ 57
3.6.2 Triangulasi Data ............................................................ 57
3.6.3 Menggunakan Bahan Referensi .................................... 58
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.6.4 Member Check .............................................................. 59
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................. 60
4.1 Profil Informan ....................................................................... 60
4.2 Temuan Penelitian .................................................................. 78
4.2.1 Persepsi Orang dengan HIV/ADIS
(ODHA) terhadap Dirinya Sendiri ............................... 78
4.2.2 Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap
Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) ............................. 82
4.2.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara
Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) .............................. 86
4.2.4 Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan
HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dengan Masyarakat ..................... 90
4.3 Pembahasan Penelitian ........................................................... 94
4.3.1 Persepsi ODHA terhadap Dirinya Sendiri .................... 94
4.3.2 Stigma Masyarakat terhadap ODHA ............................ 98
4.3.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara ODHA ................................. 101
4.3.4 Interaksi Sosial ODHA dengan Masyarakat ................. 103
BAB V SIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN REKOMENDASI ................. 109
5.1 Simpulan ................................................................................. 109
5.2 Implikasi dan Rekomendasi .................................................... 111
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 113
LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................... 117
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Jenis Kelamin .............. 34
Tabel 2.2 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Faktor Risiko ............... 34
Tabel 2.3 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Golongan Umur........... 35
Tabel 2.4 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus HIV/AIDS Berdasarkan Provinsi ......... 36
Tabel 2.5 Rekap Laporan VCT (Voluntary Counselling and Testing ) ....... 37
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................... 47
Bagan 3.1 Triangulasi Sumber Informasi ................................................... 58
Bagan 3.2 Triangulasi Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................... 58
Bagan 4.1 Persepsi ODHA terhadap Dirinya Sendiri ................................. 82
Bagan 4.2 Stigma Masyarakat terhadap ODHA ......................................... 86
Bagan 4.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara ODHA .............................................. 89
Bagan 4.4 Interaksi Sosial ODHA dengan Masyarakat .............................. 93
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Surat-surat ................................................................................ 117
Lampiran 2 Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................ 123
Lampiran 3 Display Data ............................................................................ 195
Lampiran 4 Dokumentasi ............................................................................ 208
Lampiran 5 Riwayat Hidup ......................................................................... 210
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
PERNYATAAN ......................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................. ii
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................................... iv
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ..................................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI .............................................................................................. vii
DAFTAR TABEL ...................................................................................... x
DAFTAR BAGAN ..................................................................................... xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................. xii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ...................................................... 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ................................................. 5
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ................................................................... 5
1.3.1 Tujuan Umum ............................................................... 5
1.3.2 Tujuan Khusus .............................................................. 5
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian ................................................................. 6
1.4.1 Secara Teoritis ............................................................... 6
1.4.2 Secara Praktis ................................................................ 6
1.5 Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .................................................... 6
BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA ..................................................................... 8
2.1 Persepsi.................................................................................... 8
2.1.1 Pengertian Pesepsi ........................................................ 8
2.1.2 Syarat dan Proses Terjadinya Pesepsi ........................... 9
2.1.3 Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Persepsi ............................ 10
2.2 Interaksi Sosial ....................................................................... 12
2.1.1 Pengertian Interaksi Sosial ............................................ 12
2.1.2 Ciri-ciri Interaksi Sosial ................................................ 13
2.1.3 Syarat-syarat Interaksi Sosial ........................................ 14
2.1.4 Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhi Interaksi Sosial ..... 18
2.1.5 Bentuk-bentuk Interaksi Sosial ..................................... 22
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.3 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) ................... 27
2.3.1 Awal Kemunculan Penyakit ......................................... 27
2.3.2 Cara Virus Bereaksi ...................................................... 28
2.3.3 Gejala AIDS .................................................................. 28
2.3.4 Penularan Virus HIV ..................................................... 30
2.3.5 Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS .......................................... 31
2.4 Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) ....................................... 33
2.5 Stigma .................................................................................... 41
2.5.1 Pengertian Stigma ......................................................... 41
2.5.3 Stigmatisasi ................................................................... 41
2.5.2 Latar Belakang Stigmatisasi pada ODHA .................... 42
2.6 Penelitian Terdahulu .............................................................. 43
2.7 Kerangka Pemikiran ............................................................... 46
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ........................................................... 48
3.1 Desain Penelitian .................................................................... 48
3.2 Partisipan dan Tempat Penelitian ........................................... 49
3.2.1 Partisipan ....................................................................... 49
3.2.2 Tempat Penelitian ......................................................... 50
3.3 Metode Penelitian .................................................................. 50
3.4 Pengumpulan Data ................................................................. 51
3.4.1 Instrumen Penelitian ..................................................... 51
3.4.2 Teknik Pengumpulan Data ............................................ 52
3.5 Analisis Data .......................................................................... 54
3.5.1 Reduksi Data ................................................................. 55
3.5.2 Penyajian Data (Display Data) ..................................... 55
3.5.3 Kesimpulan/Verifikasi .................................................. 56
3.6 Uji Keabsahan Data ............................................................... 57
3.6.1 Perpanjangan Pengamatan ............................................ 57
3.6.2 Triangulasi Data ............................................................ 57
3.6.3 Menggunakan Bahan Referensi .................................... 58
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
3.6.4 Member Check .............................................................. 59
BAB IV TEMUAN DAN PEMBAHASAN .............................................. 60
4.1 Profil Informan ....................................................................... 60
4.2 Temuan Penelitian .................................................................. 78
4.2.1 Persepsi Orang dengan HIV/ADIS
(ODHA) terhadap Dirinya Sendiri ............................... 78
4.2.2 Stigma Masyarakat Terhadap
Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) ............................. 82
4.2.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara
Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) .............................. 86
4.2.4 Interaksi Sosial Orang dengan
HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dengan Masyarakat ..................... 90
4.3 Pembahasan Penelitian ........................................................... 94
4.3.1 Persepsi ODHA terhadap Dirinya Sendiri .................... 94
4.3.2 Stigma Masyarakat terhadap ODHA ............................ 98
4.3.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara ODHA ................................. 101
4.3.4 Interaksi Sosial ODHA dengan Masyarakat ................. 103
BAB V SIMPULAN, IMPLIKASI DAN REKOMENDASI ................. 109
5.1 Simpulan ................................................................................. 109
5.2 Implikasi dan Rekomendasi .................................................... 111
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................ 113
LAMPIRAN ............................................................................................... 117
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Jenis Kelamin .............. 34
Tabel 2.2 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Faktor Risiko ............... 34
Tabel 2.3 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus AIDS Menurut Golongan Umur........... 35
Tabel 2.4 Jumlah Kumulatif Kasus HIV/AIDS Berdasarkan Provinsi ......... 36
Tabel 2.5 Rekap Laporan VCT (Voluntary Counselling and Testing ) ....... 37
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1 Kerangka Pemikiran ................................................................... 47
Bagan 3.1 Triangulasi Sumber Informasi ................................................... 58
Bagan 3.2 Triangulasi Teknik Pengumpulan Data ...................................... 58
Bagan 4.1 Persepsi ODHA terhadap Dirinya Sendiri ................................. 82
Bagan 4.2 Stigma Masyarakat terhadap ODHA ......................................... 86
Bagan 4.3 Interaksi Sosial di Antara ODHA .............................................. 89
Bagan 4.4 Interaksi Sosial ODHA dengan Masyarakat .............................. 93
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Surat-surat ................................................................................ 117
Lampiran 2 Instrumen Penelitian ................................................................ 123
Lampiran 3 Display Data ............................................................................ 195
Lampiran 4 Dokumentasi ............................................................................ 208
Lampiran 5 Riwayat Hidup ......................................................................... 210
Subhanudin Husen, 2015
INTERAKSI SOSIAL ORANG D ENGAN HIV/AID S (OD HA) D ALAM PEMUD ARAN STIGMA
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu