CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ENGLISH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AT MAN PK 1 SURAKARTA.
CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING
IN ENGLISH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
AT MAN PROGRAM KEAGAMAAN (PK) 1 SURAKARTA
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
RESEARCH PAPER
Arranged by
ISMI PUJI HASTUTI
A 320 040 052
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2009
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
English as international language is an effective means to learn the
development of the world. Branches of sciences are written in English. People
must learn English to get information from them. English is also used as
general language news in international broadcasting around the world. Beside
that many countries use English to communicate each other because they have
different national language.
In connection to the competence of English, the government has
determined English as the first language to be learned by the students from
primary school until university levels. Senior High School is one of the
educational levels. It prepares the students to continue the study in university
level. It also prepares the students to real works. English becomes major
foreign language subject in Senior High School. It is one subject that is always
to be examined in National Examination or in Indonesian it is called Ujian
Nasional (UN).
Today, there are various strategies developed in English teaching and
learning in program in order to the students can use English well. Two kinds
of teaching and learning activities that are held by the school are formal
program and informal program. Formal program is teaching and learning
activities that happen during the classroom time or regular school hours with
1
2
regular curriculum. Informal program is also called extracurricular. It is
teaching and learning activities that happen during non regular school hours.
Extracurricular activities become a popular choice of school to support the
teaching and learning process in regular school hours. It is usually held by the
school to develop the students’ potential in skills (for example: athletic, art,
etc) and to support curriculum experiences of regular school hours (for
example: English speaking club, physic club, etc). In English teaching and
learning, extracurricular is an effective way to develop students’ ability in
using English. It gives the students more practicing and understanding.
There are some methods in English teaching and learning of Senior High
School that always develop every time until now. The development is
attempted to produce the students who have ability in using English passively
and actively. In Senior high School level, the methods that may be used in
English teaching and learning process are Grammar Translation Method,
Direct Method, Audio-lingual Method, Community Language Learning,
Situational Language Teaching, Contextual Teaching and Learning and so on.
Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) as one method of English
teaching and learning is believed to solve obstacles in English learning. CTL
is a conception of teaching and learning that helps the teachers relate subject
matter context to the real world situation; and motivates the students to make
connection between knowledge and its application to their lives as family
members, citizens, and worker, and engage in the hard work that learning
requires. Johnson (2006: 66-67) states that CTL is a different educational
3
approach, it is done more than just guide the students in combining academic
subject (English) with the context of their condition or daily life. Based on
consideration that English as language is habit, to master English needs
application and making accustomed to use English in real/ daily context. In
teaching and learning process, CTL has some strategies or activities. There are
Problem-based, Using multiple context, Drawing upon diversity, Supporting
self-regulated learning, Using interdependent learning group, and Employing
authentic assessment.
There is Islamic Senior High School in Indonesia. The school uses
Islamic Boarding School system. The system is adopted Islamic education
system where the students stay in dormitory (boarding house). The students
have daily activities that can be monitored by the teacher and supervisor. The
school makes schedule or programs of students’ daily activity that support
teaching and learning process in classroom or regular hours. The students have
good condition for their learning.
Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Surakarta is an Islamic school. There
are two branches of school, regular program which is called Madrasah Aliyah
Negeri (MAN) 1 Surakarta and irregular program or special program of school
which is called Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Program Keagamaan or Religious
Program (MAN PK) 1 Surakarta. MAN PK 1 Surakarta is a program which
offers dormitory system (boarding school system). MAN PK 1 Surakarta has
program in development of students’ competence and skills in language
especially in English and Arabic.
4
In MAN PK 1 Surakarta, the students have to live in MAN PK’s
dormitory. They are given a lot of opportunity to practice the particular
languages
(English
and
Arabic)
skills,
for
example:
Conversation
(Muhadatsah) for three times a week, Speech (Muhadloroh) using three
languages; Indonesian, English, and Arabic for twice a week, Memorizing
(Tafisyul Lughoh) for three times a week. There are also a program using
language regulation; namely English Week and Arabic Week. They have to
speak in English or Arabic in a week in their daily conversation whether it was
at school or at boarding house. From these programs, the students have many
chances to develop English.
Some programs above can be categorized as extracurricular activities
because they happen in boarding house (dormitory) or during non regular
school hours. The teaching and learning process of some programs above uses
Contextual Teaching and Learning. It is based on the consideration that the
process of learning which is done usually use some strategies of Contextual
Teaching and Learning.
Based on explanation above, the writer is interested in conducting study
on the use of Contextual Teaching and Learning in extracurricular activities
entitled “CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ENGLISH
EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AT MAN PK 1 SURAKARTA”
B. Problem Statement
The problem statements of this research are as the following:
5
1. How is the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning in
English Extracurricular Activities at MAN PK 1 Surakarta focused on
Teaching and Learning Procedures, Objectives of the use of Contextual
Teaching and Learning in English Extracurricular activities, Teacher’s
Role and Students Role?
2. How is the students’ response toward the use of Contextual Teaching and
Learning in MAN PK 1 Surakarta?
C. Objective of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
1. To describe the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning in
English Extracurricular Activities at MAN PK 1 Surakarta.
2. To know the students’ response toward the use of Contextual Teaching
and Learning.
D. Limitation of the Study
The writer needs to limit the study in order to be more focused. The
limitation of the study is as follows:
1. The subject of the study is limited to the female students of the second
year of MAN PK 1 Surakarta in 2008/ 2009 academic year. The writer
chooses just female students because MAN PK 1 Surakarta is divided two
dormitories. There are female dormitory and male dormitory.
6
2. The object of the study is limited to procedure of CTL and students’
responses in English extracurricular activities of speaking skill at MAN
PK 1 Surakarta
E. Benefit of the Study
The writer hopes that this research is useful for the writer and the reader.
This research has some theoretical and practical benefits as follows:
1. Theoretical Benefit
a. The writer hopes that this research gives some information to the
reader or the other researchers who want to know and analyze the
method of teaching language (especially speaking).
b. It can be reference for everyone who wants to conduct a research about
teaching speaking.
c. It can be reference for implementation of contextual teaching and
learning in the real situation and development of theory.
2. Practical Benefit
a. The result can help the students to find the way of learning English.
b. The result of this study will be useful for the teacher to improve their
teaching method, especially improving their method in teaching
English.
F. Research Paper Organization
The writer organizes this research paper in five chapters as follows:
7
Chapter I is Introduction. It deals with the background of the study,
problem statement, the objective of the study, benefit of the study, and
research paper organization.
Chapter II is Review Related Literature. It presents previous study and
underlying theory that is related to the topic of this research. Underlying
theory consists of notion of Contextual Teaching and Learning, Contextual
Teaching and Learning strategies, teacher’s role, notion of extracurricular,
teaching speaking, and theoretical framework.
Chapter III is research method. It discusses the research method that
covers type of research, subject of the study, object of the study, data and data
source, method of colleting data, credibility of the data, and technique for
analyzing data.
Chapter IV discusses the research finding, discussion, and the result of
the research. The writer describes teaching speaking in English Extracurricular
activities using Contextual Teaching and Learning at MAN PK 1 Surakarta.
Discussions concern with research finding.
Chapter V presents conclusion and suggestion.
IN ENGLISH EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES
AT MAN PROGRAM KEAGAMAAN (PK) 1 SURAKARTA
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
RESEARCH PAPER
Arranged by
ISMI PUJI HASTUTI
A 320 040 052
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2009
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
English as international language is an effective means to learn the
development of the world. Branches of sciences are written in English. People
must learn English to get information from them. English is also used as
general language news in international broadcasting around the world. Beside
that many countries use English to communicate each other because they have
different national language.
In connection to the competence of English, the government has
determined English as the first language to be learned by the students from
primary school until university levels. Senior High School is one of the
educational levels. It prepares the students to continue the study in university
level. It also prepares the students to real works. English becomes major
foreign language subject in Senior High School. It is one subject that is always
to be examined in National Examination or in Indonesian it is called Ujian
Nasional (UN).
Today, there are various strategies developed in English teaching and
learning in program in order to the students can use English well. Two kinds
of teaching and learning activities that are held by the school are formal
program and informal program. Formal program is teaching and learning
activities that happen during the classroom time or regular school hours with
1
2
regular curriculum. Informal program is also called extracurricular. It is
teaching and learning activities that happen during non regular school hours.
Extracurricular activities become a popular choice of school to support the
teaching and learning process in regular school hours. It is usually held by the
school to develop the students’ potential in skills (for example: athletic, art,
etc) and to support curriculum experiences of regular school hours (for
example: English speaking club, physic club, etc). In English teaching and
learning, extracurricular is an effective way to develop students’ ability in
using English. It gives the students more practicing and understanding.
There are some methods in English teaching and learning of Senior High
School that always develop every time until now. The development is
attempted to produce the students who have ability in using English passively
and actively. In Senior high School level, the methods that may be used in
English teaching and learning process are Grammar Translation Method,
Direct Method, Audio-lingual Method, Community Language Learning,
Situational Language Teaching, Contextual Teaching and Learning and so on.
Contextual Teaching and Learning (CTL) as one method of English
teaching and learning is believed to solve obstacles in English learning. CTL
is a conception of teaching and learning that helps the teachers relate subject
matter context to the real world situation; and motivates the students to make
connection between knowledge and its application to their lives as family
members, citizens, and worker, and engage in the hard work that learning
requires. Johnson (2006: 66-67) states that CTL is a different educational
3
approach, it is done more than just guide the students in combining academic
subject (English) with the context of their condition or daily life. Based on
consideration that English as language is habit, to master English needs
application and making accustomed to use English in real/ daily context. In
teaching and learning process, CTL has some strategies or activities. There are
Problem-based, Using multiple context, Drawing upon diversity, Supporting
self-regulated learning, Using interdependent learning group, and Employing
authentic assessment.
There is Islamic Senior High School in Indonesia. The school uses
Islamic Boarding School system. The system is adopted Islamic education
system where the students stay in dormitory (boarding house). The students
have daily activities that can be monitored by the teacher and supervisor. The
school makes schedule or programs of students’ daily activity that support
teaching and learning process in classroom or regular hours. The students have
good condition for their learning.
Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 1 Surakarta is an Islamic school. There
are two branches of school, regular program which is called Madrasah Aliyah
Negeri (MAN) 1 Surakarta and irregular program or special program of school
which is called Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Program Keagamaan or Religious
Program (MAN PK) 1 Surakarta. MAN PK 1 Surakarta is a program which
offers dormitory system (boarding school system). MAN PK 1 Surakarta has
program in development of students’ competence and skills in language
especially in English and Arabic.
4
In MAN PK 1 Surakarta, the students have to live in MAN PK’s
dormitory. They are given a lot of opportunity to practice the particular
languages
(English
and
Arabic)
skills,
for
example:
Conversation
(Muhadatsah) for three times a week, Speech (Muhadloroh) using three
languages; Indonesian, English, and Arabic for twice a week, Memorizing
(Tafisyul Lughoh) for three times a week. There are also a program using
language regulation; namely English Week and Arabic Week. They have to
speak in English or Arabic in a week in their daily conversation whether it was
at school or at boarding house. From these programs, the students have many
chances to develop English.
Some programs above can be categorized as extracurricular activities
because they happen in boarding house (dormitory) or during non regular
school hours. The teaching and learning process of some programs above uses
Contextual Teaching and Learning. It is based on the consideration that the
process of learning which is done usually use some strategies of Contextual
Teaching and Learning.
Based on explanation above, the writer is interested in conducting study
on the use of Contextual Teaching and Learning in extracurricular activities
entitled “CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING IN ENGLISH
EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES AT MAN PK 1 SURAKARTA”
B. Problem Statement
The problem statements of this research are as the following:
5
1. How is the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning in
English Extracurricular Activities at MAN PK 1 Surakarta focused on
Teaching and Learning Procedures, Objectives of the use of Contextual
Teaching and Learning in English Extracurricular activities, Teacher’s
Role and Students Role?
2. How is the students’ response toward the use of Contextual Teaching and
Learning in MAN PK 1 Surakarta?
C. Objective of the Study
The objectives of the study are:
1. To describe the implementation of Contextual Teaching and Learning in
English Extracurricular Activities at MAN PK 1 Surakarta.
2. To know the students’ response toward the use of Contextual Teaching
and Learning.
D. Limitation of the Study
The writer needs to limit the study in order to be more focused. The
limitation of the study is as follows:
1. The subject of the study is limited to the female students of the second
year of MAN PK 1 Surakarta in 2008/ 2009 academic year. The writer
chooses just female students because MAN PK 1 Surakarta is divided two
dormitories. There are female dormitory and male dormitory.
6
2. The object of the study is limited to procedure of CTL and students’
responses in English extracurricular activities of speaking skill at MAN
PK 1 Surakarta
E. Benefit of the Study
The writer hopes that this research is useful for the writer and the reader.
This research has some theoretical and practical benefits as follows:
1. Theoretical Benefit
a. The writer hopes that this research gives some information to the
reader or the other researchers who want to know and analyze the
method of teaching language (especially speaking).
b. It can be reference for everyone who wants to conduct a research about
teaching speaking.
c. It can be reference for implementation of contextual teaching and
learning in the real situation and development of theory.
2. Practical Benefit
a. The result can help the students to find the way of learning English.
b. The result of this study will be useful for the teacher to improve their
teaching method, especially improving their method in teaching
English.
F. Research Paper Organization
The writer organizes this research paper in five chapters as follows:
7
Chapter I is Introduction. It deals with the background of the study,
problem statement, the objective of the study, benefit of the study, and
research paper organization.
Chapter II is Review Related Literature. It presents previous study and
underlying theory that is related to the topic of this research. Underlying
theory consists of notion of Contextual Teaching and Learning, Contextual
Teaching and Learning strategies, teacher’s role, notion of extracurricular,
teaching speaking, and theoretical framework.
Chapter III is research method. It discusses the research method that
covers type of research, subject of the study, object of the study, data and data
source, method of colleting data, credibility of the data, and technique for
analyzing data.
Chapter IV discusses the research finding, discussion, and the result of
the research. The writer describes teaching speaking in English Extracurricular
activities using Contextual Teaching and Learning at MAN PK 1 Surakarta.
Discussions concern with research finding.
Chapter V presents conclusion and suggestion.