PLANNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM STUDENTS.

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PLANNING ESP MATERIALS FOR TOURISM

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A THESIS

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By

IRAWATY

NIM: 025010077
(S.S. Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara.)
Submitted to the English Applied Linguistics Study Program in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the Degree of Magister Humaniora

ENGLISH APPUED UNCUISTICS STIJDY PROGRAM
POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2007

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Advisers' Statements

l certify that. I have read this thesis and that, in my opinion it is fully adequate in scope and
quality as a Thesis for the Degree of Magister Humaniora.

Dr. Berlin Sibarani. M.Pd
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First Adviser

I certify that I have read this thesis and that. in my opinion it is fully adequate in scope and
quality as a Thesis for the Degree of Magister Humaniora.

Prof. Dr. Jawasi Naibaho
Second Adviser

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Approval

This Thesis was examined on 07 June 2007 by the board of Examiners.

Board of Examiners

Dr. Berlin Sibonull, M.Pd.

""'........ r.

Prof. Dr. JawPsi Naibabo.

Prof. D.P. Tampubolon, Ph.D.

Prof. Amrin Smgih, M.A., Ph.D.

Dr. Lince Sibombing, M.Pd

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Approved by
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The Dirccvrof

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Prof. Dr. Beier: Manullang

NfP: 130 518 778

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JrEn\';sh Applied

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AC KNOWLE.D GEMENT

first and foremost, the write.r ralces this special opportunity to bow her head

and express her deepest appraisal to Allah SWT, the Beneficent and the Merciful

Wbo has given her blessing in completing her srudy.
In the course of writing rhis thesis, rhe writer wishes ro express ber deepest
gratitude to Prof. Tina Mariany Kariman, Dra, M.A., Ph.D as the head of English
Applied Linguistics Srudy Program. The writer also extends her sinoere thanks to Dr.
Berlin Sibamn~

M.Pd, her first consultant., for his continuous supervision. full

attention. and endless encouragement given to her throughout the process of writing
this tbcsis; and lo Prof. Dr. Jaw.~i

Naibaho, her second consultant, for his motivation

and suggestions in the completion of the study.

Many chnnks arc also due to Pro( D. P Twnpubolon, Ph.D.. Prof. Amrin
Sruagih, M.A., Ph.D, and Dr. tince Sihombing, M.Pd for their valuable suggestions

on the imporUtnt aspects to he included in this thesis.
Next,

the writer would like to take this opportunity to express her

thankfulness to all the lecturers for their knowledgeable lectures and views that have

broaden her horizon, and she realized that there are still so many things to he studied.
It is a pleasure to rhank all friends for their extremely valuable cornments and

•.

suggestion for this writing.

Last btu not least, her earnest thanks are presented to her heloved father.
Abdul Aziz, and her mother, Rosmawaty Saragib., her brothers and sisters for their

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endless love, care, support, and prnycrs until

all

last she can tinish this piece of

research.

Medan,

June 2007

The Writer

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lrawati

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ABSTRACT

lrawati. 2007. Planning ESP Materials for Tourism Students. lllesis, AppLied
Linguistic, Stale Univel'.lity of Medan.

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English is one of the subjects taught in education institution. whether it is in
generol school or vocational ones, in primary level, junior bigb school, senior high

scltool. or in university level. The aim of this subject is to provide the students with
the skills they need ~p p ropiate
with their own field. Therefore, this research is
conducred to find out whar the studenls need most that can be used as references in
planning the m:uerials for them.
This study is conducted to make a research and to find out tbe needs analysis
of English of !he students in Tourism vocational Schools, Shandy Put.r.. and YAPIM.
which covers three aspects: studenls' target needs, students' lack, and studerus'
le-Mning needs. Thus, tbis research is done by do ing an interview to the students and
the teachers, and also supported with the result of the questionnaire distributed to the
students.
The findings of the research show that the most dominant need is speaking,
while the other three language skills, listening, writing, and reading, are no! too
needed by !he StiJdents. On the other side, the students also find d ifficulties in
speaki ng and listening. lt is due to the difficuLty of the students when they have to
construe! a sentence gn1mmatically and struct urally. Besides, in listening, it is
difficult for tbe students to wtdcn;tand what the speaker says.

ABSTRAK

lrawati. 2007. Planning ESP Materials for Tourism Students. Tesis, Linguistik

Ter:apan Bahasa Inggris, UNIVERSITAS NEGERI ~fiDAN

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Bahasa lnggris merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran yang diajarkan di
institusi pendidikan, baik itu di sekolah - sekolab umum maupun kejuruan, baik d i
tingkat dasar., pertama, menengab maupun tingkat perguruan tinggi. Tujuannya
adalah untuk membekali siswa - sisv,i dengan keahlian yang mereka butuhkan sesuai
dengan bidang mereka masing - masing. Oleh k:arena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan
untuk mengetahui apa yang paling dibutuhkan oleh siswa tersebut yang dapat
digunakan sebagai acuan untuk: mencipatakan materi untuk para siswa.
Studi ini dilakukan untuk ffieneliti dan mendapatkan analisa kebutnhan bahasa
Inggris siswa - siswi di sekolah kejuruan Pariwi.sata Shandy Putra dan Y APIM yang
mencakup tiga hal yaitu students' target needs, students• lac~
and the students•
learning needs. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mengadakan interview teriladap siswa

dan guru yang didukung dengan basil angket yang dibagik.an kepada para siswa.
Temuan dari penelitian ini memmjukkan bahwa kebutuhan yang sangat
menonjol adalah berbicara, sedangkan tiga keahlian berbahasa lainnya.
mendengarkan, menulis, dan membaca tidalc terlalu dibumhkan oleh siswa. Di lain
sisi, para siswa juga mengalami kesulitan dalam hal berbicara dan mendengarkan. Hal
ini dikarenakan para siswa mengalami kesulitan ketika barus menyusun kalimat yang
sesuai dengan stmktur dan tata babasa yang baik. Disamping itu, dalam
mendengarkan, siswa sulit untuk memahami apa yang diucapkan oleh orang lain.

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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, education is one of the major individual needs. In addition. to
converse an uneducared man to be an educated ooe, education will enhance an image
of community. Any nations recognize that the development of nation begins by a bigh
qualified education.

Indonesia. as a developing country and a gmt! nation in Southeast Asia, is
preparing a qualified education for its citizens. 1'h.is can be indicated by a big number
of education centers equipped by complete facilities to enhance the knowledge and
information from either inteniAI or national side accurately and eft"ectively. For

example, some education centers which provide their students with any fucilities such
as computer, laboratory, library. and foreign language laboratories. One of the
important foreign language studied in formal education instirution and courses centers
in Indonesia eitber in tbe elememary or tbe hlgher education institution is English.
English is one of the language studied and well-n::coqnizcd by most nations in
the world. 11ris makes English an international language. It is used in many aspects of
life S\lcb as business transaction, trade, tourism, and education process. According to

Richard (1985), English is a language used and studied in the wot'ld as a second and
foreign language.
In Indonesia, English is a foreign language. Unfortunately, the qualities of
students in learning English develop slowly. Moreover, only few of educati.o n centers
that provide good perfonnanee of English when they introduce the: language to their
students. Soejoto (200 I) a:;sumes that there is a complaint of the students who say

that English is mysticism language because they cannot speak in English but only in
their heart. ln fact, the

gradute~

of senior high school (SMU) hnve not yet spoken in

English although they have studied F..nglish since the lirst year of junior high school

There nre many factors behind tho unsatisfied result of Indonesian students in
learning English. One of them is because the educalion institutions do not offer what

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the students need in studying English. Palmer and Mackay (1981) say that language
program must be focused on the students' need. ln other words, the amwgement of

curriculum or le-.trning program must indicate the type of English that is nec..'SSary for
students. This can be realized by the analysis of English need for students. The
importance of the needs analysis is indicated by the fowtdecs of needs analysis
(Munby, 1978; Richtcrich and Chanceral, 1980' Yalden. 1987; Hutchinson lll1d
Waters, 1987; David NWtan, 1988; lll1d Paulirte Robinson, 1991). Then~

of the

students in s111dying English can be ana.ly?.cd and tho result will ltclp tbe teachers to
adjust the curriculum progwn ba.~

on the students' needs.

Because of the unsatisfied result of Indonesian students in learning English,

especially lbose who take \'ocational schools, it is no doubt that needs analysis must
be conducted at the vocational schools, in this case. tbc writer chooses the ·vocational
school for tourism in Medan, since tourism is one of the important sectors in

increasing national foreign exchange.

1.1 Background oflhc Study

Tourism is one of the important sectors in increasing the foreign exchange in
North Sumatra. There are so many domestic and foR>ign tourists who are interested in

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visiting North Sumatra. Because of this, the Cultural and Tourism Department of
North Sumatra has big bomeworks in developing the !Alurism sector. One of them is
in the field of human resource. Based on the Strntcgic Plan of Cull ural and Tourism
Department of North Su10atra Year 2002 - 2005, it describes the choice of the
Program Wld Activity which can be Wld must be done by Cultural and Tourism
Depannent of North Sumatra, which covers the program and activity which have a
strong and stralegic motivation for the growth and development of Cultural and
Tourism activities. One of the programs is to develop the quality and quantity of
cultural and tourism hunlJlll resource.

People who work in tourism field usually communicate wi.th foreigo people.
They need good English in communicating with the people. But, unluckily, most
Indonesian students cannot master the skills that they need in the future. Especially,
when they work in tourism field, they must have a good English tQ commqpic;atc with
the foreign tourists. Therefore, lhis study is necessary 10 find out what the students'
need in learning English to baclc up them in their job.

The acunl~

method is applied to investigate the skill needed by the students

in learning English. In this study, the writer will detennine the importnnt needs of the
students in learning English based on lhe four skill in English to help her in planning

an ESP nu1terial f'or touri.srn students.

1.1 The Research Probkms
Based on the backgound oflbe swdy, the problems of the study are stated in

the fonn of questions as below:

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I. What language skills are required by the tourism students?
2. What teoching materials should be planned to fulfill the students' needs?

1.3 The Obj«tives of tbe Study
In carrying out a research. it is necessary to state the objects of the study
clearly. Otherwise, this research will be useless and only waste lhe time. So, lhe
objects of lhe study are to:

J. Find out what language slciUs are required by the tourism students.
2. Find out what teaching materials should be planned to fulfill the sllldents·
n...'Cds.

1.4 The SigoifitMIII or the Study
After linishing this study, hopefully, this study is expected to provide
i.nfonnotion which may have practical os well as theoretical value for English
teachers. ·Theoretically. the result of the study will add what has been fotUid in the

am~

of ~Caching

ESP Materials. Meanwhile, p~icaly

, the result of this study will

inform the E11gJish teachcrn especially in tourism scbools in their attempts to design
the ESP Materials.

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C l{APTER V

CONCLUSIO NS AND SUGGESTIO NS

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After analyzing the data. conclusions are drawn as the following:

l. It is found that the leameTS' needs in learning English are to be able to speak iL
Espec:ially,lhey need English to communicate wilh foreign tourists.

2. Wilh reference to lhcir needs resulted from lhe need analysis, functional and
situational syllabuses are derived. The functional syUabus focuses on the function
of using English in introducing self, making a short welcome speech, giving hotel
infonnation, dealing with resemttion, ba.ndling check in and check out, etc., while
the situational syllabus focuses on using English in certain situations like at tho

airport, in the hotel,at the travel agency, etc.
3. The derived functional and situational syllabuses and materials designs arc
potentially applied in real life situations to meet wilh the tourism students ' needs.

5.2 Su ggestions
In relation to the conclusion, suggestions are staged as the following:
I. Jt is suggested to lhe teachers that students ' needs should be considered in

designing syllabus and materials. By knowing the learners' needs, the objective of

the syllabus can be designed. In lhis way, the learners do not waste their time to
learn something tbey do not need.

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2. It is suggested that tourism teachers should apply this syllabus and material
design in order to see in efficiency and in effectiveness of the design and

beu~

improvement should be made.
3. It is suggested that other researchers should oooduct further studies on deriving
syllabWI or material which refereoce 10 the students' needs.

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