SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS (2013) Sexism In Okky Madasari's The Years Ofthe Voiceless.
SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS (2013)
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Master Degree in Magister of English Study
Written by:
OCTRIA TIRAFIAH
S 200 130 015
POST GRADUATE
MAGISTER OF LANGUAGE STUDY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
APPROVAL
SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS
(2013)
THESIS
Written by:
Octria Tirafiah
S 200 130 015
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Dr.M. Thoyibi, M.S.
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed.
ii
iii
iv
v
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher states that in the research paper she wrote there is
no plagiarism from the preceding literary work that has received Master Degree of
University. There are no opinions and works written or published by others,
unless written references in this research paper has been mentioned in the
bibliography.
If it proves there are oversight in the statement of researchers later, she
will take an entirely responsibility.
Surakarta,
May 2015
The researcher
Octria Tirafiah
vi
MOTTO
”And Allah found you lost, and guided you”
(Ad-dhuha : 7)
”A strong friendship doesn’t need daily conversation or bring together. As long
as the relationship lives in the heart, true friends never apart”
(Anonym)
“No matter how hard I grow up without her, I’ll fight and face the world
calmly”
(The writer)
”Nanging ora ateges gampang pepes kentekan pengarep-arep”
(Anonym)
“Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector”
(Al-Imran : 173)
“Truly friend will always be by your side no matter who you are and how you
are”
(The writer)
vii
DEDICATION
I dedicate my research paper
gratefully and sincerely from my heart for my dearly loved:
My super Dad (Whidayat, Ama.Pd) who always gives affection, advices,
and sacrifices all the time.
My beloved deceased Mom (Siti Mukhayah, BSc) who never has to see me
growing up and finishing my research paper.
My brother (M. Febria Baiturrohman, S.Kom and his wife)
My lovely sister (Khaulia Widyaningrum, S.Kom) who always encourages
and supports me.
My adorable pearl (Kurniawan C. Utomo) who always shares tenderness,
sweetness, and happiness for me.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Alhamdulillah, praised be to Allah SWT the almighty, the Merciful and
the Gracious who always gives us mercy. The One who gives uncountable billions
blessing and gifts to the researcher, hence she can accomplish her research paper
entitled “SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE
VOICELESS NOVEL (2013)” as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
Getting Master Degree of Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
Secondly, may mercy and blessing be presented to our leader, the
messenger of Allah, Muhammad peace be upon him who saved the humankind
from the darkness of ignorance into the lightness of Islam. In the completion of
this research paper cannot be separated from the guidance, support, and assistance
from various parties. Therefore, the researcher expresses her gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, the Director of the School of Magister of
English Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the first consultant who has guided, advised, and
provided suggestion during the completion of this research paper.
ix
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M. Ed., the second consultant, for
being great consultant and giving suggestion in correcting this research paper,
4. Prof. Endang Fauziati, for being an examiner to make the research paper
better,
5. All of lecturers who have given extensive, spacious, and broad knowledge to
her during her study in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. Her super lovable Dad (Whidayat, Ama.Pd) and her beloved deceased Mom
(Siti Mukhayah, BSc) who always give her an affection, sacrifices, endless
prayer, and tirelessly encourage her to be successful person through effort,
wistfully, and pray to Allah SWT.
7. Her Brother (M. Febria Baiturrohman, S.Kom) and his wife,
8. Her Sister (Khaulia Widyaningrum, S.Kom) who always takes care of her and
shares her sweetness smile and joyful moments.
9. Her adorable pearl Kakanda (Kurniawan C. Utomo) who always shares
tenderness, delightfulness, lovability, and gives advices and amazement
moments to her.
10. Her lovely family of Grandmothers and Grandparents (Mufti Djaelani) and
(Noto Suwiryo) thanks for the greatness support.
11. The researcher gives a big gratitude to her Cousins (Yunia Setyani S.
S.I.Kom), (Rosma Anggraeni, S.Psi.), (Novika Dewi Nugraheni) for every
enchanting joke and togetherness.
12. Her finest friends, Susi Susanti (Mbem), Ening Pertiwi (Cute), Nuri
Susilowati, Dyah Retno (Emak), Linda Ari, Dina Maulida, Dyan (Kimbul),
x
Desi Veranita, Nadya Mitayani, Puteri who have colored the days with joy
and sorrow portrait together and leave many impressions for her.
13. Her friends of SMA 1 Karanganom: Khusnul, Dhidie, Ulin, Ike, Djatu,
Ninditya, Pipit, Mbak Destia thanks for still staying contact and supporting
her.
14. Her friends at home “Geng Unyil”: Kurniawan C. Utomo, Rosma Anggraeni,
Andhika Yunita, Wahyudin, Moktar Al Hakim. Let’s hang out pals!!
15. All of friends in Magister of English Study 2013: Tiwi, Amalia, Mbak Raya,
Risma, Mas Unggul, Mas Valda, Mbak Yoana, Indah, Pak Budi, Pak Cipto,
Pakdhe Sun, Mas Rowi, Bu Ninuk, Mbak Naning, Mbak Rini, Mbak Cintya,
Mas Fajri, Mbak Nontin, Mbak Indah, Mas Azhari, Mas Arfin. Thanks a lot
for being together and wonderful impression moments during study in class.
16. The Big Family of Magister in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2013.
17. All of people who have supported her, that cannot be mentioned one by one.
Hopefully, deeds and kindness they have given to help the researcher in
completing this research paper will get good reward from God. The researcher
realizes that this research paper is still far from perfection. Therefore, the
researcher expects criticism and constructive suggestions for improvement in
future. This research paper can be useful for us all. Amiin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta,
June 2015
Octria Tirafiah
xi
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL.....................................................................................................
ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR I ....................................................................................
iii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II ..................................................................................
iv
ADVISOR APPROVED ..................................................................................
v
PRONOUNCEMENT ......................................................................................
vi
MOTTO ...........................................................................................................
vii
DEDICATION .................................................................................................
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................
xii
SUMMARY .....................................................................................................
xvi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study....................................................
6
C. Problem Statement .........................................................
6
D.
Objectives of the study ...................................................
7
E. Benefit of the Study.........................................................
7
1. Theoretical Benefit ......................................................
7
2. Practical Benefit ..........................................................
8
F. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
8
xii
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY.....................................................
9
A. Previous Studies ..............................................................
9
B. Work of Literature ...........................................................
13
1.
Novel ........................................................................
13
2.
Historical Novel .......................................................
14
C. Theoretical Review..........................................................
14
1.
Feminist Approach ...................................................
14
a.
Notion ................................................................
15
b.
Major Principle of Feminism ............................
17
Sexism ......................................................................
19
a.
Notion ................................................................
19
b.
Types of Sexism ................................................
21
Philosophy of Language “Motif” .............................
23
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .........................................................
25
A. Type of the Study ............................................................
25
B. Object of the Study ..........................................................
25
C. Data and Data Source ......................................................
26
2.
3.
1.
Primary Data Source ................................................
26
2.
Secondary Data Source ............................................
26
D. Technique of Collecting Data..........................................
27
E. Technique of Analyzing Data..........................................
27
CHAPTER IV FEMINIST VALUE ANALYSIS ..........................................
28
A. Major Principle of Feminism ..........................................
28
xiii
Women’s Position ....................................................
28
a.
Women’s Position in Earning Money ...............
29
b.
Women’s Position in Social Activities .............
31
Women’s Role ..........................................................
33
a.
Women’s Role in Family ..................................
33
b.
Women’s Role in Industry ................................
35
Women’s Right ........................................................
36
a.
Women’s Right for Survival .............................
36
b.
Women’s Right for Getting Job ........................
37
Women’s Participation .............................................
38
Women’s Participation in Political ...................
38
B. Discussion .......................................................................
39
CHAPTER V SEXISM ANALYSIS .............................................................
43
A. Types of Sexism ..............................................................
43
1.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1.
Hostile Sexism..........................................................
43
a.
Taking Control in Arguing Participation ..........
44
b.
Inappropriate for Wielding Over Economic .....
45
c.
Lack of Regard in Women’s Dignity and Selfesteem ................................................................
46
Benevolent Sexism ..................................................
47
a.
Justifying Women in Chivalrous Attitude.........
48
b.
Complementary of Men’s Lack ........................
50
B. Discussion ..........................................................................
51
2.
xiv
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..................................
56
A. Conclusion .......................................................................
56
B. Pedagogical Implication ..................................................
57
C. Suggestion .......................................................................
58
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ xvii
VIRTUAL REFERENCES ..............................................................................
xix
APPENDICES .................................................................................................
xx
xv
SUMMARY
OCTRIA TIRAFIAH. S 200 130 015. SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S
THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS (2013). THESIS. MAGISTER OF
LANGUAGE
STUDY.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA. 2015.
This study is aimed to show how sexism is depicted in The Years of the Voiceless
novel by using feminist approach. It is done by determining two objectives: the
first is analyzing the novel based on feminist analysis and the second is analyzing
the novel based on the issue raised by the writer.
This research is descriptive qualitative research. Type of data of the study is text
taken from two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source is
The Years of the Voiceless novel written by Okky Madasari released in 2013.
Whereas the secondary data sources are other materials taken from books or ebooks, journals, internet related to the study. They are collected through library
study and analyzed by descriptive analysis.
The study draws the following conclusions. Firstly, based on the feminist analysis
of The Years of the Voiceless novel written by Okky Madasari conveys the
message through the major character. The major character of this novel is Marni.
Marni struggles to be able to take part in domestic activity and a wider range
makes her fall up to face men and rulers. In The Years of the Voiceless novel,
equality between women and men is still sorely lacking. It can be viewed in terms
of economic, political, security and social activities especially for Marni.
Secondly, there are two types of sexism; hostile sexism and benevolent sexism.
Hostile sexism regards as an attitude inferior towards women as reflected in the
novel. Research findings on this section are divided into three terms: taking
control in arguing participation, inappropriate in wielding over economic, and
lack of regard in women’s dignity and self-esteem. While in benevolent sexism
the writer classifies it into two; justifying women in chivalrous attitude and
complementary of men’s lack. Both hostile sexism and benevolent sexism are
different. Hostile Sexism shows an attitude in dominating society by men.
Benevolent sexism involves subjectively favorable, chivalrous attitudes towards
women whom need an affection and support.
Keywords: Feminism, Sexism, Hostile Sexism, Benevolent Sexism.
xvi
THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Master Degree in Magister of English Study
Written by:
OCTRIA TIRAFIAH
S 200 130 015
POST GRADUATE
MAGISTER OF LANGUAGE STUDY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015
APPROVAL
SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS
(2013)
THESIS
Written by:
Octria Tirafiah
S 200 130 015
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Dr.M. Thoyibi, M.S.
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M.Ed.
ii
iii
iv
v
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher states that in the research paper she wrote there is
no plagiarism from the preceding literary work that has received Master Degree of
University. There are no opinions and works written or published by others,
unless written references in this research paper has been mentioned in the
bibliography.
If it proves there are oversight in the statement of researchers later, she
will take an entirely responsibility.
Surakarta,
May 2015
The researcher
Octria Tirafiah
vi
MOTTO
”And Allah found you lost, and guided you”
(Ad-dhuha : 7)
”A strong friendship doesn’t need daily conversation or bring together. As long
as the relationship lives in the heart, true friends never apart”
(Anonym)
“No matter how hard I grow up without her, I’ll fight and face the world
calmly”
(The writer)
”Nanging ora ateges gampang pepes kentekan pengarep-arep”
(Anonym)
“Allah is sufficient for us and most excellent is the Protector”
(Al-Imran : 173)
“Truly friend will always be by your side no matter who you are and how you
are”
(The writer)
vii
DEDICATION
I dedicate my research paper
gratefully and sincerely from my heart for my dearly loved:
My super Dad (Whidayat, Ama.Pd) who always gives affection, advices,
and sacrifices all the time.
My beloved deceased Mom (Siti Mukhayah, BSc) who never has to see me
growing up and finishing my research paper.
My brother (M. Febria Baiturrohman, S.Kom and his wife)
My lovely sister (Khaulia Widyaningrum, S.Kom) who always encourages
and supports me.
My adorable pearl (Kurniawan C. Utomo) who always shares tenderness,
sweetness, and happiness for me.
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Alhamdulillah, praised be to Allah SWT the almighty, the Merciful and
the Gracious who always gives us mercy. The One who gives uncountable billions
blessing and gifts to the researcher, hence she can accomplish her research paper
entitled “SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S THE YEARS OF THE
VOICELESS NOVEL (2013)” as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for
Getting Master Degree of Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
Secondly, may mercy and blessing be presented to our leader, the
messenger of Allah, Muhammad peace be upon him who saved the humankind
from the darkness of ignorance into the lightness of Islam. In the completion of
this research paper cannot be separated from the guidance, support, and assistance
from various parties. Therefore, the researcher expresses her gratitude and
appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, the Director of the School of Magister of
English Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S., the first consultant who has guided, advised, and
provided suggestion during the completion of this research paper.
ix
3.
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd., M. Ed., the second consultant, for
being great consultant and giving suggestion in correcting this research paper,
4. Prof. Endang Fauziati, for being an examiner to make the research paper
better,
5. All of lecturers who have given extensive, spacious, and broad knowledge to
her during her study in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. Her super lovable Dad (Whidayat, Ama.Pd) and her beloved deceased Mom
(Siti Mukhayah, BSc) who always give her an affection, sacrifices, endless
prayer, and tirelessly encourage her to be successful person through effort,
wistfully, and pray to Allah SWT.
7. Her Brother (M. Febria Baiturrohman, S.Kom) and his wife,
8. Her Sister (Khaulia Widyaningrum, S.Kom) who always takes care of her and
shares her sweetness smile and joyful moments.
9. Her adorable pearl Kakanda (Kurniawan C. Utomo) who always shares
tenderness, delightfulness, lovability, and gives advices and amazement
moments to her.
10. Her lovely family of Grandmothers and Grandparents (Mufti Djaelani) and
(Noto Suwiryo) thanks for the greatness support.
11. The researcher gives a big gratitude to her Cousins (Yunia Setyani S.
S.I.Kom), (Rosma Anggraeni, S.Psi.), (Novika Dewi Nugraheni) for every
enchanting joke and togetherness.
12. Her finest friends, Susi Susanti (Mbem), Ening Pertiwi (Cute), Nuri
Susilowati, Dyah Retno (Emak), Linda Ari, Dina Maulida, Dyan (Kimbul),
x
Desi Veranita, Nadya Mitayani, Puteri who have colored the days with joy
and sorrow portrait together and leave many impressions for her.
13. Her friends of SMA 1 Karanganom: Khusnul, Dhidie, Ulin, Ike, Djatu,
Ninditya, Pipit, Mbak Destia thanks for still staying contact and supporting
her.
14. Her friends at home “Geng Unyil”: Kurniawan C. Utomo, Rosma Anggraeni,
Andhika Yunita, Wahyudin, Moktar Al Hakim. Let’s hang out pals!!
15. All of friends in Magister of English Study 2013: Tiwi, Amalia, Mbak Raya,
Risma, Mas Unggul, Mas Valda, Mbak Yoana, Indah, Pak Budi, Pak Cipto,
Pakdhe Sun, Mas Rowi, Bu Ninuk, Mbak Naning, Mbak Rini, Mbak Cintya,
Mas Fajri, Mbak Nontin, Mbak Indah, Mas Azhari, Mas Arfin. Thanks a lot
for being together and wonderful impression moments during study in class.
16. The Big Family of Magister in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2013.
17. All of people who have supported her, that cannot be mentioned one by one.
Hopefully, deeds and kindness they have given to help the researcher in
completing this research paper will get good reward from God. The researcher
realizes that this research paper is still far from perfection. Therefore, the
researcher expects criticism and constructive suggestions for improvement in
future. This research paper can be useful for us all. Amiin.
Wassalamu’alaikum Warrahmatullahi Wabarakatuh.
Surakarta,
June 2015
Octria Tirafiah
xi
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ...............................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL.....................................................................................................
ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR I ....................................................................................
iii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II ..................................................................................
iv
ADVISOR APPROVED ..................................................................................
v
PRONOUNCEMENT ......................................................................................
vi
MOTTO ...........................................................................................................
vii
DEDICATION .................................................................................................
viii
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...................................................................................
xii
SUMMARY .....................................................................................................
xvi
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ..................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Limitation of the Study....................................................
6
C. Problem Statement .........................................................
6
D.
Objectives of the study ...................................................
7
E. Benefit of the Study.........................................................
7
1. Theoretical Benefit ......................................................
7
2. Practical Benefit ..........................................................
8
F. Research Paper Organization ..........................................
8
xii
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY.....................................................
9
A. Previous Studies ..............................................................
9
B. Work of Literature ...........................................................
13
1.
Novel ........................................................................
13
2.
Historical Novel .......................................................
14
C. Theoretical Review..........................................................
14
1.
Feminist Approach ...................................................
14
a.
Notion ................................................................
15
b.
Major Principle of Feminism ............................
17
Sexism ......................................................................
19
a.
Notion ................................................................
19
b.
Types of Sexism ................................................
21
Philosophy of Language “Motif” .............................
23
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD .........................................................
25
A. Type of the Study ............................................................
25
B. Object of the Study ..........................................................
25
C. Data and Data Source ......................................................
26
2.
3.
1.
Primary Data Source ................................................
26
2.
Secondary Data Source ............................................
26
D. Technique of Collecting Data..........................................
27
E. Technique of Analyzing Data..........................................
27
CHAPTER IV FEMINIST VALUE ANALYSIS ..........................................
28
A. Major Principle of Feminism ..........................................
28
xiii
Women’s Position ....................................................
28
a.
Women’s Position in Earning Money ...............
29
b.
Women’s Position in Social Activities .............
31
Women’s Role ..........................................................
33
a.
Women’s Role in Family ..................................
33
b.
Women’s Role in Industry ................................
35
Women’s Right ........................................................
36
a.
Women’s Right for Survival .............................
36
b.
Women’s Right for Getting Job ........................
37
Women’s Participation .............................................
38
Women’s Participation in Political ...................
38
B. Discussion .......................................................................
39
CHAPTER V SEXISM ANALYSIS .............................................................
43
A. Types of Sexism ..............................................................
43
1.
2.
3.
4.
a.
1.
Hostile Sexism..........................................................
43
a.
Taking Control in Arguing Participation ..........
44
b.
Inappropriate for Wielding Over Economic .....
45
c.
Lack of Regard in Women’s Dignity and Selfesteem ................................................................
46
Benevolent Sexism ..................................................
47
a.
Justifying Women in Chivalrous Attitude.........
48
b.
Complementary of Men’s Lack ........................
50
B. Discussion ..........................................................................
51
2.
xiv
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..................................
56
A. Conclusion .......................................................................
56
B. Pedagogical Implication ..................................................
57
C. Suggestion .......................................................................
58
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................ xvii
VIRTUAL REFERENCES ..............................................................................
xix
APPENDICES .................................................................................................
xx
xv
SUMMARY
OCTRIA TIRAFIAH. S 200 130 015. SEXISM IN OKKY MADASARI’S
THE YEARS OF THE VOICELESS (2013). THESIS. MAGISTER OF
LANGUAGE
STUDY.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA. 2015.
This study is aimed to show how sexism is depicted in The Years of the Voiceless
novel by using feminist approach. It is done by determining two objectives: the
first is analyzing the novel based on feminist analysis and the second is analyzing
the novel based on the issue raised by the writer.
This research is descriptive qualitative research. Type of data of the study is text
taken from two data sources: primary and secondary. The primary data source is
The Years of the Voiceless novel written by Okky Madasari released in 2013.
Whereas the secondary data sources are other materials taken from books or ebooks, journals, internet related to the study. They are collected through library
study and analyzed by descriptive analysis.
The study draws the following conclusions. Firstly, based on the feminist analysis
of The Years of the Voiceless novel written by Okky Madasari conveys the
message through the major character. The major character of this novel is Marni.
Marni struggles to be able to take part in domestic activity and a wider range
makes her fall up to face men and rulers. In The Years of the Voiceless novel,
equality between women and men is still sorely lacking. It can be viewed in terms
of economic, political, security and social activities especially for Marni.
Secondly, there are two types of sexism; hostile sexism and benevolent sexism.
Hostile sexism regards as an attitude inferior towards women as reflected in the
novel. Research findings on this section are divided into three terms: taking
control in arguing participation, inappropriate in wielding over economic, and
lack of regard in women’s dignity and self-esteem. While in benevolent sexism
the writer classifies it into two; justifying women in chivalrous attitude and
complementary of men’s lack. Both hostile sexism and benevolent sexism are
different. Hostile Sexism shows an attitude in dominating society by men.
Benevolent sexism involves subjectively favorable, chivalrous attitudes towards
women whom need an affection and support.
Keywords: Feminism, Sexism, Hostile Sexism, Benevolent Sexism.
xvi