KAJIAN BEST PRACTICE INTERNASIONAL MANAJ

FORUM DISCUSSION GROUP
PENYUSUNAN STANDAR KOMPETENSI KERJA NASIONAL
PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA

KAJIAN BEST PRACTICE INTERNASIONAL
MANAJEMEN PENGADAAN BARANG JASA
Prof. Richardus Eko Indrajit
indrajit@post.harvard.edu


 

KAJIAN BEST PRACTICE
Definisi – Ruang Lingkup

“Best
 Prac�ce”
 didefinisikan
 sebagai
 seperangkat
 kebijakan,

 
sistem,
 proses,
 dan
 prosedur
 yang
 pada
 suatu
 saat
 tertentu
 
dianggap
 sebagai
 terapan
 terbaik
 karena
 memberikan
 hasil
 dan
 

manfaat
 op�mal
 sesuai
 dengan
 harapan,
 sehingga
 layak
 untuk
 
dijadikan
 model
 acuan
 adopsi.
 
Dalam
 kaitannya
 dengan
 “pengadaan”
 atau
 “procurement”,

 
pemilihan
 “Best
 Prac�ce”
 harus
 berbasis
 pada:
 
-­‐  Structured
 Procurement
 Processes
 
-­‐  Quality-­‐Based
 Selec�onProcesses
 
-­‐  Achieving
 Best
 Value
 Outcomes
 

REFERENSI BEST PRACTICE
Domain – Jenis - Sampel
Berdasarkan
 NEGARA
 

 

 

 
Amerika,
 Afrika
 

  Selatan,
 
Australia,
 Austria,

 
Belanda,
 

 
Belgia,
 Bulgaria,
 

  Cekoslovakia,
 
Denmark,
 Estonia,
 Finlandia,
 

 
Jerman,
 Hong
 Kong,

 Hungaria,
 

  Itali,
 Jepang,
 
Inggris,
 Irlandia,
 

  Lithuania,
 
Korea,
 Latvia,
 

  Macedonia,
 
Luksemburg,
 

Malta,
 Nigeria,
 

  Norwegia,
 
Perancis,
 Polandia,
 
Portugal,
 

 
Romania,
 Selandia
 
Baru,
 

 

Singapura,
 Siprus,
 Skotlandia,
 

 
Slowakia,
 Slovenia,
 Spanyol,
 

  Turki,
 Yunani
 
Swedia,
 Swiss,
 

 

 

 

Berdasarkan
 INDUSTRI
 

 

 

 
Asuransi,
 Jasa-­‐Jasa,
 
Keuangan,
 

 

Kerajinan,
 
 Kesehatan,
 
Konstruksi,
 Konsultasi,
 
Krea�f,
 

 
Manufaktur,
 Media,
 Militer,
 

 
Pangan,
 Pariwisata,
 

  Pendidikan,
 
Pemerintahan,
 

  Perikanan,
 
Perbankan,
 
Perhotelan,
 
 Perkebunan,
 
Perbankan,
 P
  erhubungan,
 
Perhutanan,
 P
  ertambangan,
 
Pertanian,
 
 Perlistrikan,
 
Peternakan,
 Publikasi,
 

 
Teknologi
 Informasi,
 

  Transportasi
 
Telekomunikasi,
 

 

 

 

Berdasarkan
 LEMBAGA
 

 

  American
 
Accenture,
 

 
Consul�ng
 Engineers
 
Council,
 
American
 P
 ublic
 Works
 
Associa�on,
 

  Asian
 
Development
 

  Bank,
 
Associated
 General
 

 
Contractors
 of
 America,
 
Associa�on
 o
  f
 Consul�ng
 
Engineers
 
 of
 Canada,
 
Associa�on
 
 of
 Japanese
 
Consul�ng
 Engineers,
 
CIPS
 

 
Australasia,
 
 EPIQ,
 FIDIC,
 
Gartner,
 Inter-­‐American
 

 
Development
 Bank,
 KPMG,
 

 
mThink,
 PriceWaterhouse,
 

  Federa�on
 
The
 Interna�onal
 
of
 Consul�ng
 E
  ngineers,
 The
 
World
 Bank,
 U
  nited
 Na�ons
 

 

METODOLOGI PENENTUAN KOMPETENSI
Paradigma – Prinsip – Tahapan - Pemetaan

1
 

•  Mendefinisikan
 Paradigma
 Sistem
 Pengadaan
 Nasional
 

2
 

•  Menetapkan
 Prinsip
 Manajemen
 Pengadaan
 Nasional
 

3
 

•  Merancang
 Ekosistem
 Pengadaan
 Nasional
 

4
 

•  Menentukan
 Taksonomi
 Proses
 Pengadaan
 Nasional
 

5
 

•  Membangun
 Struktur
 Tata
 Kelola
 Manajemen
 Pengadaan
 Nasional
 

6
 

•  Menyepaka�
 Indikator
 Kinerja
 Sistem
 Pengadaan
 

6
 

•  Memetakan
 Kebutuhan
 SDM
 Profesional
 Bidang
 Pengadaan
 

7
 

•  Menciptakan
 Infrastruktur
 Pela�han,
 Pengembangan,
 dan
 Ser�fikasi
 Profesi
 

PARADIGMA PENGADAAN
Definisi – Ruang Lingkup - Fokus

Memiliki
 target
 untuk
 meng-­‐ADA-­‐kan
 barang/jasa
 pada
 saat
 yang
 tepat,
 dengan
 kualitas
 
yang
 diharapkan,
 dan
 berada
 pada
 bentangan
 biaya
 yang
 dianggarkan
 
Bersifat
 strategis
 dengan
 horison
 waktu
 jangka
 panjang
 melalui
 pendekatan
 op�malisasi
 
portofolio
 pemanfaatan
 sumber
 daya
 
Mengedepankan
 terciptanya
 manfaat
 yang
 maksimum
 bagi
 pemerintah/publik
 dengan
 
tetap
 menjaga
 lingkungan
 usaha
 yang
 kompe��f
 dan
 menarik
 
Fleksibel
 dalam
 mengadopsi
 berbagai
 inovasi
 pengembangan
 varians
 model
 pengadaan
 
dengan
 tetap
 berpegang
 teguh
 pada
 prinsip
 “good
 governance”
 
Konvergensi
 antara
 prinsip
 keha�-­‐ha�an
 model
 pengadaan
 pemerintah
 dan
 prinsip
 
keleluasaan
 model
 pengadaan
 swasta
 

PRINSIP MODEL PENGADAAN
Pegangan – Batasan - Pengembangan

Fokus
 pada
 Bisnis
 
Adap�f
 terhadap
 Trend
 
Berbasis
 Kekuatan
 Komunikasi
 
Transformasi
 Proses
 Berkesinambungan
 
Kemitraan
 Strategis
 dengan
 Pemasok
 
Pengembangan
 Karir
 SDM
 Pengadaan
 
Inovasi
 Tiada
 Hen�
 

PERSPEKTIF MAKRO SISTEM PENGADAAN
Relasi Terpadu – Berkesinambungan

DOMAIN EKOSISTEM PROSES PENGADAAN
Tahapan – Elemen - Komponen

PARADIGMA SISTEM PENGADAAN TERPADU
Strategis – Holistik – Sistemik

PROSES BISNIS PENGADAAN MODEREN
Terpadu – Terintegrasi – Berbasis Teknologi

INDIKATOR KINERJA PENGADAAN
Ukuran – Instrumen - Pencapaian

PEMETAAN KOMPETENSI SDM
Berorientasi Proses dan Domain Fungsi

DEFINISI KEBUTUHAN KOMPETENSI SDM
Kelompok Area – Tingkatan Kapabilitas

JENJANG DAN TINGKATAN PROFESI
Lingkup – Jenis - Level

DETAIL LINGKUP KAPABILITAS
Kompetensi Utama – Deskripsi Kerja
4

5rst edition

ASPIRATIONAL CAPABILITY MATRIX FOR GOVERNMENT PROCUREMENT PROFESSIONALS
Principal Procurement Professional
Role

Accountability

Risk management

Job descriptions

Contract development
Contract administration,
performance and
management
Strategic procurement
management

Strategic sourcing
Networking
Supplier relationship
management
Client relationship
management
Management and
leadership responsibility
Supervision received
Decision-making
Public sector context

Analytical and work
organisation

Core competencies

Financial analysis and
management

Contract negotiations and
legal knowledge

Communication skills

Project management
Systems and tools

Personal attributes
Ethics and conduct
Learning and
development, mentoring
and coaching
On-the-job experience

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* Typically manages multiple teams of procurement professionals and practitioners.
* Very experienced at leading the delivery of the required procurement outcomes – typically for a large government agency.
* Accountable for leading high-risk procurement projects.

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* Represents the organisation and jurisdiction at national levels and to CEOs, ministers and suppliers.

* Accountable for the application of risk management principles.
* Collaborates with clients to provide guidance on risk mitigation for high-risk procurements.

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* Provides expert guidance to remediate problem areas.

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* Develops the organisation’s strategic procurement plans.
* Incorporates performance indicators and reporting system to measure compliance and results.
* In the milestone review process, checks performance and changes direction as required.
* Manages and guides high-level strategic sourcing projects for clients.
* Reviews data sets and proposed process changes to identify negative and positive impacts.

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* Develops strategic networks at senior levels in government agencies with suppliers and with industry associations.
* Leads research of markets and suppliers for a wide range of commodity and service types.

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* Develops understanding of industry conditions, trends, opportunities and competition.
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* Oversees client service requirements for client base. * Anticipates future requirements and provides guidance to client base.

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* Responsible for procurement capacity through multiple teams engaged in high-value and high-risk procurements.
* Able to direct and manage senior professionals effectively. * Leads innovation in procurement.
* Manages complex, cross-functional projects and presents results to executive-level management.
* Activities assigned at a strategic level and operates independently of direct supervision.
* Performance managed by results-based KPIs contained in performance management agreement.

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* Makes recommendations on high-value and risk procurements.
* Excellent knowledge of machinery of government and all procurement and related policy and legislation.

/?uences government procurement strategy and makes recommendations on ministerial-level considerations.
* Models behaviour according to government code of practice for procurement.
* Uses creative approach to solve strategic problems for division/group.
* Initiates research/analysis programs.

%&/5*>es new systems/processes.
* Uses business process re-engineering principles, analytical tools and frameworks in problem-solving and ensures continuous improvements.
* Excellent record of achievement.
* Reviews workgroup budgets, overruns and shortfall.

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* Able to interpret into the procurement activity contract law, fair trading, freedom of information and other applicable legislation.
* Expert working knowledge of applicable law as it relates to the procurement framework, for example insurance requirements, legal framework,
intellectual property and warranties.
* Drafts, reviews and signs off contracts. * Works with legal team to negotiate terms and conditions.
* Able to apply contract dispute resolution process. * Participates as leader of contract negotiation process.
* Excellent interpersonal skills including ability to have a customer focus and engage with senior stakeholders.
* Excellent written and oral communication internally and with vendors.
* Represents the views of others effectively.
* Able to organise and present to internal and external medium-sized audiences effectively.

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* Consults with clients and industry. * Excellent results-based track record.
* Highly-developed applied project management skills used to manage projects to agreed timelines and budget restraints.

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* High-level database management skills to produce management reports.
* Excellent knowledge of procurement tools such as e-Tenders system and contract management system.

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* Actively participates in knowledge-sharing.

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* Imparts strategic vision, proactively shapes positive culture, focuses on value-adding and an entrepreneurial approach.
* Acts with integrity and high ethical standards and has sound knowledge of code of practice/s.
* Coaches and mentors group members.
* Participates in continuing professional development programs in procurement across private/public sector.
* Represents agency at national level in procurement.
* Contributes to the procurement body of knowledge.
* At entry, 8 to 10 years’ management experience in government or the private sector including considerable strategic procurement experience.
* Master of Business Administration, or Master of Public Policy, or Master in Strategic Procurement or another postgraduate degree.
* Eligible for MCIPS (level 7) and working towards FCIPS accreditation.

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* An organisation’s most senior procurement professional – leads procurement strategy.
* Establishes procurement policies and procedures and is accountable for achieving a major government agency’s procurement outcomes.
* Responsible for leading and directing the achievement of government procurement outcomes.
* Establishes and manages procurement governance arrangements in the organisation.
* Represents the organisation and jurisdiction at national and international levels and to CEOs, ministers and suppliers.
* Shapes the future of procurement in government.
* Positions procurement in the external environment and whole-of-government context.
* Provides guidance and direction to procurement team and agencies regarding high-risk and mitigation strategies for projects undertaken across the
sector.
* Provides high-level guidance for high-value and politically-sensitive procurements.
* Leads and directs contract negotiations to ensure successful completion.
* High-level review of performance for high-value and politically-sensitive procurements against agreed KPIs.
* Provides timely and expert guidance to remediate performance issues.
* Leads the development of the organisation’s strategic procurement plans.
* Reports on annual procurement plan results.
* Reports on agency’s divisional corporate plan results.

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* Leads and develops supply market strategy.
* Develops strategic networks at the most senior levels in government agencies, with suppliers and with industry associations.
* Directs research of markets, spend categories and supplier management for a wide range of commodity and service types.

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* Most senior procurement professional, reporting to CEO.
* Facilitates government procurement innovation and practice. * Membership of procurement-focused government boards/committees.
* Proven track record of senior management role in public/private sector in procurement.
* Reports to the CEO and receives executive government direction.
* Performance managed by results-based KPIs contained in performance management agreement.
* Able to commit at highest delegation level for government procurement.
* Excellent knowledge and understanding of machinery of government, the government procurement framework, policy and legislation.
* Shapes procurement strategy and policy at a whole-of-government level.
* Models behaviour according to government code of practice for procurement.
* Demonstrates creative approach to problem-solving and encourages innovative solutions to problem-solving.

%&/5*>es and solves complex strategic problems affecting division, organisation and sector.
* Initiates and approves research, business process re-engineering methods used to improve processes and systems.
* Ensures continuous improvement culture.

%&/5*>es strategic implications of external information on agency and division in terms of environment, government objectives and wider procurement
context.

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* Directs funding reallocation as required.
* Sets future direction for division and forecasts funding requirements to meet targets set.

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* Provides direction in high-level contract development and negotiations.
* Expert working knowledge of applicable laws and legislation. * Able to apply contract dispute resolution processes and negotiations.
* Negotiates dispute settlement with suppliers and clients.
* Exceptional interpersonal skills including ability to have a customer focus and engage with the most senior stakeholders.
* Represents organisation at highest level of government.
* Scopes and maintains editorial control over highly complex written material (major evaluation reports, Cabinet submissions).
* Scopes, plans and undertakes complex strategic or policy negotiations.
* Prepares, delivers and leads effective large-scale presentations to external organisations on complex and strategic topics.
* Consults with client base on operational and strategic performance of division and organisation.
* Highly-developed applied project management skills used to manage projects to agreed timelines and budget restraints.
* Thorough understanding of IT systems available for use.
* High-level knowledge of procurement tools such as e-Tenders system and contract management system.
* Innovates and inspires others to the procurement profession ideal. * Contributes to the procurement body of knowledge.

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shapes positive culture, focuses on value-adding and an entrepreneurial approach.
* Acts with integrity and high ethical standards and has sound knowledge of code of practice/s
* Ensures a learning culture exists that values training and development, coaching and mentoring programs within the division.
* Contributes to the procurement body of knowledge in Australia and internationally.

* At entry, 10+ years’ management experience in government or the private sector, preferably some in strategic procurement.
* Master of Business Administration, or Master of Public Policy, or Master in Strategic Procurement or another postgraduate degree.
* May be eligible for FCIPS.

SERTIFIKASI PROFESIONAL
Pelatihan – Pengembangan - Akreditasi

FORUM DISCUSSION GROUP
PENYUSUNAN STANDAR KOMPETENSI KERJA NASIONAL
PENGADAAN BARANG/JASA

TERIMA KASIH
Diskusi dan Tanya Jawab