ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASIS DATA PEMBELIAN, PERSEDIAAN DAN PENJUALAN PADA CV. MEGAH PRIMA MANDIRI - Binus e-Thesis

  ______________________________________________________________________________ Jurusan Teknik Informatika

  Skripsi Sarjana Komputer Semester Ganjil tahun 2005/2006

  

ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM BASISDATA

PEMBELIAN, PERSEDIAAN DAN PENJUALAN

PADA CV.MEGAH PRIMA MANDIRI

APRIANTINI FIQIH 0700699646

ANDI SATYA PERDANA 0700702861

EKO PRASETYO 0700726230

  

Kelas / Kelompok : 07PAT / 05

Abstrak

  CV. Megah Prima Mandiri adalah perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perdagangan barang khususnya sebagai supplier (penyalur) untuk alat – alat mekanikal, elektrikal, alat tulis kantor, konstruksi dan telekomunikasi. Adapun tujuan dan perancangan basisdata ini adalah menghasilkan sebuah sistem basisdata yang mampu mendukung perusahaan dalam mengolah data dan informasi yang ada dalam perusahaan tersebut. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metode pengumpulan data dan informasi yang dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung pada sistem yang sedang berjalan pada perusahaan tersebut. Selain itu juga, membaca referensi dari buku – buku yang berkaitan dengan topik skripsi yang diajukan. Pada awalnya perusahaan belum memiliki sistem basisdata sehingga data – data transaksi dicatat secara manual. Hasil yang dicapai dari skripsi ini adalah merancang dan membangun sistem basisdata untuk CV. Megah Prima Mandiri yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk mencatat data – data transaksi secara komputerisasi.

  Kata Kunci

  Analisis, pembelian, persediaan, penjualan, perancangan basisdata

  

PRAKATA

  Puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa atas berkat dan anugerah-Nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan skripsi ini yang merupakan syarat untuk meraih gelar kesarjanaan pada jenjang pendidikan S-1 (Strata-1) tepat pada waktunya.

  Pada kesempatan ini dengan segala ketulusan dan kerendahan hati, penulis hendak menyampaikan rasa terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah memberikan bantuan, nasihat, petunjuk, kesempata, dan dorongan selama penulis menyelesaikan skripsi ini, yaitu : 1.

  Bapak Doddy Koeswandy, S.Kom, MM, selaku dosen pembimbing skripsi yang telah banyak memberikan petunjuk, masukan dan saran sehingga skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan.

  2. Bapak Chairil, SE, selaku Direktur Utama CV. Megah Prima Mandiri beserta para staff yang telah mengijinkan penulis untuk melakukan analisa dan penelitian sebagai bahan dasar penyusunan skripsi.

  3. Orang tua kami yang senantiasa terus – menerus mendukung kami baik moral maupun materiil yang sangat tidak ternilai harganya.

  4. Bapak Prof. Dr. Geraldus Polla M.App., Sc., selaku Rektor Universitas Bina Nusantara.

  5. Bapak dan Ibu staff perpustakaan yang mengijinkan kami menjaga kami di perpustakaan dari saat buka hingga malam menjelang tutup.

  6. Teman – teman seperjuangan skripsi dalam satu kelas. v

  7. Semua pihak yang tidak dapat kami sebutkan satu persatu yang banyak membantu penulis baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung sehingga skripsi ini dapat terselesaikan dengan baik. Merupakan suatu kebahagiaan bagi penulis apabila skripsi ini dapat bermanfaat bagi pembaca semua dan bagi adik – adik kelas kami untuk dijadikan salah satu referensi bacaan untuk melakukan penelitian di kemudian hari. Penulis menyadari bahwa tidak ada yang sempurna di dunia ini, begitu juga dengan skripsi ini, sangat jauh dari kesempurnaan. Penulis pun mengharapkan kritik dan saran yang membangun dari berbagai pihak.

  Akhir kata, semoga skripsi dapat bermanfaat bagi semua pihak yang berkepentingan.

  Jakarta, 14 January 2007 Penulis vi

  DAFTAR ISI

Halaman Judul Luar .................................................................................................................. i

Halaman Judul Dalam ................................................................................................................ ii

Halaman Persetujuan Hardcover .............................................................................................. iii

Abstrak ......................................................................................................................................... iv

Prakata ......................................................................................................................................... v

Daftar Isi ...................................................................................................................................... vii

Daftar Tabel ................................................................................................................................. xii

Daftar Gambar ............................................................................................................................ xiv

BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................

  1 1.1 Latar Belakang ................................................................................................

  1 1.2 Ruang Lingkup ................................................................................................

  2 1.3 Tujuan dan Manfaat .........................................................................................

  2 1.4 Metodologi Penelitian .....................................................................................

  3 1.5 Sistematika Penulisan ......................................................................................

  4 BAB 2 LANDASAN TEORI ...................................................................................................

  6 2.1 Sejarah Teknologi Basisdata ...........................................................................

  6 2.2 Teori Basisdata ................................................................................................

  7 2.2.1 Pengertian Basisdata ............................................................................

  7 2.2.2 Database Management System (DBMS) .............................................

  9 2.2.3 Data Definition Language (DDL) .......................................................

  14 2.2.4 Data Manipulation Language (DML) .................................................

  15 2.2.5 Normalisasi ..........................................................................................

  16

  2.2.6 Fourth Generation Language (4GL) ...................................................

  19 2.2.7 Siklus Hidup Basisdata Aplikasi Basis Data .......................................

  20 2.2.7.1 Database Planning (Perencanaan Basisdata) ....................

  21 2.2.7.2 System Definition (Definisi Sistem) ..................................

  22

  2.2.7.3 Requirement Collection and Analysis (Pengumpulan Kebutuhan dan Analisis) ...................................................

  23 2.2.7.4 Database Design (Perancangan Basisdata) .......................

  26 2.2.7.5 DBMS Selection (Pemilihan DBMS) .................................

  27 2.2.7.6 Application Design (Perancangan Aplikasi) ......................

  28 2.2.7.7 Prototyping (Bentuk Dasar) ..............................................

  30 2.2.7.8 Implementation (Implementasi) ........................................

  30

  2.2.7.9 Data Conversion and Loading (Perubahan dan Pengambilan Data) ............................................................

  31 2.2.7.10 Testing (Pengetesan) ..........................................................

  31 2.2.7.11 Operational Maintenance (Perawatan Operasional) .........

  32 2.2.8 Desain Konseptual, Logikal, dan Fisikal Basisdata ............................

  32 2.3 Teori Penjualan ................................................................................................

  44 2.4 Teori Pembelian ...............................................................................................

  47 2.5 Teori Persediaan ..............................................................................................

  48 BAB 3 ANALISIS SISTEM YANG BERJALAN .................................................................

  51 3.1 Sejarah Organisasi CV. Megah Prima Mandiri ...............................................

  51 3.2 Struktur Organisasi CV. Megah Prima Mandiri ..............................................

  51

  3.3 Wewenang dan Tanggung Jawab ....................................................................

  52 3.4 Diagram Alir Dokumen Sistem yang berjalan ................................................

  54 3.4.1 Bagian Penjualan .................................................................................

  54 3.4.2 Bagian Pembelian ................................................................................

  57 3.4.3 Bagian Invoicing .................................................................................

  60 3.4.4 Bagian Penerimaan ..............................................................................

  61 3.4.5 Bagian Pembayaran .............................................................................

  62 3.5 Pemasalahan yang dihadapi .............................................................................

  63 3.6 Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi .........................................................................

  63 3.7 Usulan Pemecahan Masalah ............................................................................

  64 BAB 4 PERANCANGAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI ..............................................................

  65 4.1 Perancangan Basisdata ....................................................................................

  65 4.1.1 Perancangan Basisdata Konseptual .....................................................

  65 4.1.1.1 Identifikasi Tipe Entiti .......................................................

  65 4.1.1.2 Identifikasi Tipe Relasional ...............................................

  67 4.1.1.3 Identifikasi Atribut dan Domain Atribut ...........................

  69 4.1.1.4 Identifikasi Kandidat dan Primary Key .............................

  87

  4.1.1.5 Validasi Model Konseptual dengan User Transaction ...... 89 4.1.2 Perancangan Basisdata Logikal ...........................................................

  91 4.1.2.1 Penghilangan Fitur-Fitur yang tidak Kompatibel ..............

  91 4.1.2.2 Menentukan Model Logikal Data Lokal ...........................

  92 4.1.2.3 Relasi model dengan Normalisasi .....................................

  99

  4.1.2.4 Mendefinisikan Kendala Integrity ..................................... 113

  4.1.2.5 Validasi Model Logikal lokal dengan Data Global ........... 118

  4.1.3 Perancangan Basisdata Fisik ............................................................... 126

  4.1.3.1 Pemilihan DBMS ............................................................... 126

  4.1.3.2 Perancangan Base Relation ............................................... 129

  4.1.3.3 Analisis Transaksi............................................................... 141

  4.1.3.4 Pemilihan Organisasi File………………………………... 145

  4.1.3.5 Penentuan Indeks………………………………………… 146

  4.1.3.6 Estimasi Kapasitas Penyimpanan ...................................... 149

  4.1.3.7 Perancangan Mekanisme Keamanan ................................. 152

  4.2 Perancangan Fisik ............................................................................................ 154

  4.2.1 Structure Chart (Bagan Terstruktur) ................................................... 154

  4.2.2 Struktur Menu ...................................................................................... 171

  4.2.3 Perancangan State Transition Diagram (STD) ................................... 172

  4.2.4 Spesifikasi Proses ................................................................................ 179

  4.3 Perancangan Input dan Output ........................................................................ 198

  4.4 Rancangan Implementasi ................................................................................. 231

  4.4.1 Spesifikasi Perangkat Keras ................................................................ 231

  4.4.2 Spesifikasi Perangkat Lunak ............................................................... 232

  4.4.3 Cara pengoperasian Aplikasi ............................................................... 233

  4.5 Pengujian (Testing) .......................................................................................... 275

  4.5.1 Kriteria Pengujian ................................................................................ 275

  4.5.2 Hasil Pengujian .................................................................................... 276

  4.6 Evaluasi ............................................................................................................ 277

  BAB 5 SIMPULAN DAN SARAN .......................................................................................... 279

  5.1 Simpulan .......................................................................................................... 279

  5.2 Saran ................................................................................................................ 280

  DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................................. 281 DAFTAR RIWAYAT HIDUP .................................................................................................... 282 LAMPIRAN

  Fotocopy Surat Survey ............................................................................................... L1 Fotocopy Absensi Survey .......................................................................................... L2

  APPENDIX

  DAFTAR TABEL Tabel 3.1 Tabel Analisis Kebutuhan Informasi.........................................................................

  63 Tabel 4.1 Tabel Identifikasi Tipe-Tipe Entiti............................................................................ 65

Tabel 4.2 Tabel ER Multiplicity ............................................................................................... 68Tabel 4.3 Tabel Identifikasi Atribut ......................................................................................... 69Tabel 4.4 Tabel Candidate & Primary Key setiap Entiti ......................................................... 88Tabel 4.5 Tabel Skema Relasi Integrity Constraint.................................................................. 113Tabel 4.6 Tabel Model Global Principal................................................................................... 118Tabel 4.7 Tabel Model Global Customer ................................................................................. 118Tabel 4.8 Tabel Model Global Shipper..................................................................................... 119Tabel 4.9 Tabel Model Global Karyawan................................................................................. 119Tabel 4.10 Tabel Model Global Barang...................................................................................... 120Tabel 4.11 Tabel Model Global Retur......................................................................................... 120Tabel 4.12 Tabel Model Global Pembelian................................................................................. 121Tabel 4.13 Tabel Model Global Penjualan.................................................................................. 122Tabel 4.14 Tabel Model Global Detail Pembelian...................................................................... 123Tabel 4.15 Tabel Model Global Detail Penjualan....................................................................... 124Tabel 4.16 Tabel Model Global Detail Retur.............................................................................. 124Tabel 4.17 Tabel Model Global Pembayaran Jual...................................................................... 125Tabel 4.18 Tabel Model Global Pembayaran Beli...................................................................... 125Tabel 4.19 Tabel Perbandingan MS SQL Server 2000 dengan Oracle 10g................................ 126Tabel 4.20 Tabel Analisis Transaksi........................................................................................... 142Tabel 4.21 Tabel Estimasi Penyimpanan.................................................................................... 149Tabel 4.22 Tabel Perhitungan Ruang Penyimpanan................................................................... 151Tabel 4.23 Tabel Pemberian Hak Akses..................................................................................... 153Tabel 4.24 Tabel Kebutuhan Spesifikasi Hardware untuk Server.............................................. 231Tabel 4.25 Tabel Kebutuhan Spesifikasi Hardware untuk Workstation.................................... 232Tabel 4.26 Tabel Spesifikasi Perangkat Software....................................................................... 232

  xiv

Gambar 3.4 Diagram alir dokumen bagian invoicing............................................................. 60Gambar 4.5 Penghilangan Atribut multivalued pada Entiti Customer.................................. 91Gambar 4.4 ER Diagram dengan penambahan user transaction............................................ 90Gambar 4.3 ER Diagram konseptual dengan penambahan primary key................................ 89Gambar 4.2 ER Diagram konseptual dengan penambahan multiplicity................................. 67Gambar 4.1 ER Diagram konseptual...................................................................................... 67Gambar 3.6 Diagram alir dokumen bagian pembayaran........................................................ 62Gambar 3.5 Diagram alir dokumen bagian penerimaan......................................................... 61Gambar 3.3 Diagram alir dokumen bagian pembelian........................................................... 59

  DAFTAR GAMBAR

  51 Gambar 3.2 Diagram alir dokumen bagian penjualan............................................................ 56

  34 Gambar 3.1 Struktur Organisasi .............................................................................................

Gambar 2.5 View Integration approach untuk menangani multiple user views .................... 25 Gambar 2.6 Contoh Entiti dan Relasinya ...............................................................................Gambar 2.4 Centralized approach untuk menangani multiple user views ............................ 24Gambar 2.3 Siklus Hidup Aplikasi Basisdata ........................................................................ 21

  17 Gambar 2.2 Diagram ilustrasi dari proses normalisasi .......................................................... 19

Gambar 2.1 Bagaimana normalisasi dapat digunakan untuk mendukung desain basisdata .............................................................................................................Gambar 4.6 Penghilangan Atribut multivalued pada Entiti Karyawan................................... 91

  xv

  Gambar 4.18

Gambar 4.25 Structure Chart Diagram PO Beli....................................................................... 170Gambar 4.24 Structure Chart Diagram PO Jual....................................................................... 169Gambar 4.23 Structure Chart Diagram Invoice........................................................................ 168Gambar 4.22 Structure Chart Diagram Faktur_pajak............................................................... 167Gambar 4.21 Structure Chart Diagram RequestOfQuotation................................................... 166Gambar 4.20 Structure Chart Diagram Delivery_Order.......................................................... 165Gambar 4.19 Structure Chart Diagram Data Barang................................................................ 164

  Diagram Data Karyawan........................................................... 163

  Structure Chart

Gambar 4.17 Structure Chart Diagram Data Shipper............................................................... 162Gambar 4.7 Penghilangan Atribut multivalued pada Entiti Principal..................................... 91Gambar 4.16 Structure Chart Diagram Data Principal............................................................. 161Gambar 4.15 Structure Chart Diagram Data Customer............................................................ 160Gambar 4.14 Structure Chart Diagram Retur........................................................................... 159Gambar 4.13 Structure Chart Diagram Pembayaran Beli........................................................ 158Gambar 4.12 Structure Chart Diagram Pembayaran Jual........................................................ 157Gambar 4.11 Structure Chart Diagram Penjualan.................................................................... 156Gambar 4.10 Structure Chart Proses Pembelian...................................................................... 155Gambar 4.9 ER Diagram logikal ternormalisasi..................................................................... 112Gambar 4.8 Penghilangan Atribut multivalued pada Entiti Shipper....................................... 92Gambar 4.26 Struktur Menu Utama.......................................................................................... 171

  xvi

Gambar 4.37 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Master Customer..................................... 201Gambar 4.45 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Transaksi Penjualan................................ 209Gambar 4.44 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Transaksi Pembelian............................... 208Gambar 4.43 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Master Barang......................................... 207Gambar 4.42 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Master Barang................................................... 206Gambar 4.41 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Master Principal...................................... 205Gambar 4.40 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Master Principal................................................ 204Gambar 4.39 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Master Karyawan.................................... 203Gambar 4.38 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Master Karyawan.............................................. 202Gambar 4.36 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Master Customer............................................... 200Gambar 4.27 STD Layar Window............................................................................................ 172Gambar 4.35 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Utama................................................................ 199Gambar 4.34 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Login................................................................. 198Gambar 4.33 STD Pembayaran................................................................................................. 178Gambar 4.32 STD Arsip........................................................................................................... 177Gambar 4.31 STD Laporan....................................................................................................... 176Gambar 4.30 STD Retur........................................................................................................... 175Gambar 4.29 STD Transaksi..................................................................................................... 174Gambar 4.28 STD Master......................................................................................................... 173Gambar 4.46 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Transaksi Pembelian......................................... 210

  xvii

Gambar 4.57 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Arsip Invoice.................................................... 221Gambar 4.65 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Pembayaran Jual............................................... 229Gambar 4.64 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert New Pembayaran Beli............................ 228Gambar 4.63 Rancangan Tampilan Pembayaran Beli.............................................................. 227Gambar 4.62 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Search............................................................... 226Gambar 4.61 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Laporan Penjualan............................................ 225Gambar 4.60 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Laporan Pembelian........................................... 224Gambar 4.59 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Purchase Order....................................... 223Gambar 4.58 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Arsip Purchase Order........................................ 222Gambar 4.56 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Detail Delivery Order....................................... 220Gambar 4.47 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Transaksi Penjualan.......................................... 211Gambar 4.55 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Arsip Delivery Order........................................ 219Gambar 4.54 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert RoQ......................................................... 218Gambar 4.53 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Arsip RoQ......................................................... 217Gambar 4.52 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Detail Retur....................................................... 216Gambar 4.51 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert Retur....................................................... 215Gambar 4.50 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Retur................................................................. 214Gambar 4.49 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Detail Pembelian............................................... 213Gambar 4.48 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Detail Penjualan................................................ 212Gambar 4.66 Rancangan Tampilan Halaman Insert New Pembayaran Jual............................ 230

  xviii

Gambar 4.77 Halaman Master Customer.................................................................................. 243Gambar 4.85 Halaman Cetak Detail Pembelian....................................................................... 251Gambar 4.84 Halaman Detail Pembelian.................................................................................. 250Gambar 4.83 Halaman Utama Transaksi Pembelian................................................................ 249Gambar 4.82 Halaman Insert New Transaksi Penjualan.......................................................... 248Gambar 4.81 Halaman Cetak Detail Penjualan......................................................................... 247Gambar 4.80 Halaman Detail Penjualan................................................................................... 246Gambar 4.79 Halaman Utama Transaksi Penjualan................................................................. 245Gambar 4.78 Halaman Form Pengisian Customer.................................................................... 244Gambar 4.76 Halaman Form Pengisian Principal..................................................................... 242Gambar 4.67 Halaman Login................................................................................................... 233Gambar 4.75 Halaman Master Principal................................................................................... 241Gambar 4.74 Halaman Form Pengisian Shipper....................................................................... 240Gambar 4.73 Halaman Master Shipper..................................................................................... 239Gambar 4.72 Halaman Form Pengisian Barang........................................................................ 238Gambar 4.71 Halaman Master Barang...................................................................................... 237Gambar 4.70 Halaman Form Pengisian Karyawan................................................................... 236Gambar 4.69 Halaman Master Karyawan................................................................................. 235Gambar 4.68 Halaman Utama................................................................................................... 234Gambar 4.86 Halaman Insert New Transaksi Pembelian......................................................... 252

  xix

Gambar 4.87 Halaman Insert New Transaksi Pembelian (lanj.)............................................... 253Gambar 4.88 Halaman Request of Quotation........................................................................... 254Gambar 4.89 Halaman Insert New RoQ................................................................................... 255Gambar 4.90 Halaman Delivery Order..................................................................................... 256Gambar 4.91 Halaman Detail Delivery Order.......................................................................... 257Gambar 4.92 Halaman Cetak Detail Delivery Order................................................................ 258Gambar 4.93 Halaman Invoice................................................................................................. 259Gambar 4.94 Halaman Cetak Invoice....................................................................................... 260Gambar 4.95 Halaman Daftar Purchase Order......................................................................... 261Gambar 4.96 Halaman Insert New PO...................................................................................... 262Gambar 4.97 Halaman Laporan Pembelian.............................................................................. 263Gambar 4.98 Halaman Laporan Penjualan............................................................................... 264Gambar 4.99 Halaman Grafik Laporan Penjualan.................................................................... 265

  Gambar 4.100 Halaman Laporan Persediaan.............................................................................. 266 Gambar 4.101 Halaman Search Result....................................................................................... 267 Gambar 4.102 Halaman Pembayaran Beli.................................................................................. 268 Gambar 4.103 Halaman Insert Transaksi Pembayaran beli........................................................ 269 Gambar 4.104 Halaman Pembayaran Jual.................................................................................. 270 Gambar 4.105 Halaman Insert Transaksi Pembayaran Jual........................................................ 271 Gambar 4.106 Halaman Retur..................................................................................................... 272

  xx Gambar 4.107 Halaman Detail Retur.......................................................................................... 273 Gambar 4.108 Halaman Cetak Detail Retur............................................................................... 274 Gambar 4.109 Halaman Insert Retur.......................................................................................... 275