INTRODUCTION A STRUGGLE FOR LIFE OF CHUCK NOLLAND ROBERT ZEMECKIS’S CAST AWAY: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOLOGICAL APPROACH.
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
People live in the world in various cultures. They live in different
community and background. They are different, and they often have problems
in their live. Life becomes more complex as more problems appear. They are
having the same opportunity to get their property, prosperity and happiness.
They must work hard and struggle to get such things. According to Meizeir
(http: // www. self growth. com/ article/ Meizeir. html) “Struggle is any
personal goal achievement accompanied by discomfort and resistance.
Struggle may still certainly involve overcoming resistance and discomfort”.
Struggle is identical wit h hero and it is a symbol of freedom of a nation
to fight against the colonialism. It has a general meaning as a way to get the
best result and something worth. People will do everything to get it. This
occurs in many kinds of field, one of them in literary works.
Literature is an artwork while has idea of struggle elements such as
novel, poetry, and film. Film has the same position in textual studies. It is true
that film has become part of daily life, which is more complicated than the
other works. Making a film is not like writing a novel. It needs a teamwork,
which involves many people as crew. Film has many elements, such as
director, script, writer, editor, music composer, artistic , costume, designer, etc.
2
Beside that, it also needs some technique including cinematography, editing,
and sound.
There are many aspects of literature that describe our daily life and our
surrounding such as struggle, effort, etc. The more struggle, the more result
that can be enjoyed. On the other hand, human aim occurs as subjective; it
means it exists inside of the personality as on ideal or wish that can influence
the individual’s behavior. From these people have secret plans that occur in
their unconscious mind and they will struggle too many interferes although
what they believe is just their imagination.
The writer intends to conduct a study on psychological aspect of the
main character in Cast Away. This film directed by Robert Zemeckis. Robert
Zemeckis’s was born on May 14, 1952 in Chicago . He is an academy award
winning American movie director, producer, and writer. Zemeckis’s works
concern especially with psychological aspect such as struggle for life. In the
Cast away Zemeckis’s clearly describes the struggle for life, which has done
by the major character Chuck Nolan. There are many films directed by Robert
Zemeckis who had composed many films besides Cast away such as:
Back to the Future Part II (1989), Back to the Future Part III (1990), Death
Becomes Her (1992), Ghost Ship (2002), Thirteen Ghosts (2001), Gothika
(2003), House of Wax (2005), Monster House (2006), Be Owulf (2007).
The plot in Cast Away is adapted based on the Daniel Defoe’s novel
Robinson Crusoe. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe over the centuries becomes one
of the most mythologized characters of western literature. In the most recent
adaptation of this novel, the film Cast Away (directed by Robert Zemeckis)
3
Defoe’s treatment of Crusoe’s spiritua l awakening has been highlights. Post
modern man as represented by efficiency expert Chuck Noland faces with a
search for meaning similar to that which Defoe’s “economic man” embarks
upon when isolated from humanity 300 years earlier. This research examines
the way Cast Away deals with the present paradox of faith in divine plan and
belief in individualism and the free will.
Cast Away is a 2000 film by 20th century fox and dream works,
directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by William Broyles Jr. Zemeckis’s
performs Tom Hank as the Chuck Noland as the main character. This film is
about FedEx employee who is a voluble, time- obsessed efficiency expert for
Federal Express. Shortly before boarding, the FedEx plane goes disastrously
wrong crashing into the South Pacific Ocean. He and his girlfriend Kelly
exchange gifts: Chuck gives her a number of joke and a ring and Kelly gives
him a family heirloom timepiece holding a photo of her. Marooned with only
the timepiece to remind him of home, Chuck finds himself facing only one
deadline, the race to survive in the face of starvation dehydration and natural
disaster.
Cast Away is everything this year is other man-against-nature
blockbuster, “the perfect storm,” was not. The curlier film huffed and puffed
to evoke a similarly elemental struggle in the traditional Hollywood ways.
With strenuously grandiose music and oversize, patently unrealistic co mputer
generated special effects. Cast Away also has its quotient of technological
4
trickery, but one of the movie’s wonders is that everything looks and feels so
remarkably real. In addition, it never pushes us too hard.
In this research, the researcher will analyze the struggle of life on the
major character in Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away film. This study will be
analyzing by using Alfred Alder’s Individual Psychological Theory. So that,
the researcher decides STRUGGLE FOR LIFE IN ROBERT ZEMECKIS’S
CAST AWAY: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH as the
title of this study.
B. Literary Review.
There is a study conducted by other writers on Cast Away. After doing
observation in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta (UMS), the writer
found that the film had been analyzed by Retnosari, (2002); DEFENSE
MECHANISM
OF
MAJOR
CHARACTER
IN
CAST
AWAY:
PSYCHOANALITIC APPROACH.
In this research, the writer uses the similar research, but using different
approach focusing on how Robert Zemeckis reflects struggle fo r life of major
character in Cast Away film by us ing an individual psychological approach.
C. Problem Statement
Based on the research background above, the problem of the study is
how the struggle for life of the major character is reflected in Cast Away.
5
D. Limitation of the Study
The limitation of the study is the struggle for life of Chuck Noland in
Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away viewed by individual psychological approach
by Alfred Adler’s theory.
E. Objectives of the Study
There are two objectives of the study in the research, they are:
1. To analyze the structural element in Cast Away movie.
2. To analyze the struggle of life on the major character based on the
individual psychological approach.
F. Benefit of the Study
By presenting this research paper, the writers hopes that it will give some
benefit as follows:
1. Theoritical Benefit
a. To give some information which can be used by the researcher who are
interested in analyzing this literary work.
b. To give a contribution to other literary research especially in the study
of Robert Zemeckis’s literary work.
2. Practical Benefit
a.
Getting deeper understanding about individual psychological in
Robert Zemeckis’s.
b. Getting bachelor degree of educatio n in English Departmen
6
G. Research Method
1. Type of the Research
This research belongs to qualitative method with the descrip tive technique;
it focuses on analyzing of the character of Chuck Nolan
2. Object of the Research
The object of this research is Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away film.
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source
In this research, the writer uses two data source that are primary and
secondary data source.
a. Primary Data Source
The primary data is the Cast Away film by Robert Zemeckis and it is
taken from dialogue, attitude and all of the statement in the text of the
film which relevant with the research.
b. Secondary Data Source
The secondary data are taken from other sources, relating to the
primary data that support the analysis such as some books of
philosophy and website.
4. Technique of the Data Collection
The method of data collection in this study is library research. The present
writer collects the data, and then records the evidences from the primary
and secondary data. In collecting data, the writer takes some procedures as
follows:
7
a. Watching the work many times until the writer gets adequate
information or data analyze.
b. Reading some related books to get the theory, supporting data, and
information that will help in the process of the study.
c. Writing the primary and secondary data that is going to be analyzes
d. Classifying the data into groups, according to the categories of
elements of literary study.
5. Technique of the Data Analysis
In this research the technique that is used to analyze the data is descriptive
analysis, in which the researcher identifies struggle for life on the
character of Chuck Noland in Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away using
Individual Psychological perspective.
H. Paper Organization
This research paper consists of five chapters. Chapter I is the
introduction, covering the background of the study, literature review, the
problem statement, limitation of the study, the objective of the study, the
benefit of the study, research method, and research paper organization.
Chapter II is underlying theory it is the theory of Adler’s individual
psychological that will be applied in conducting this research. Chapter III
deals
with
the
structural
analysis,
which
includes
character and
characterizations, setting, plot, and theme. Chapter IV deals with the
psychological analysis of the major character in cast away. Chapter V is the
conclusion and suggestion of the research.
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
People live in the world in various cultures. They live in different
community and background. They are different, and they often have problems
in their live. Life becomes more complex as more problems appear. They are
having the same opportunity to get their property, prosperity and happiness.
They must work hard and struggle to get such things. According to Meizeir
(http: // www. self growth. com/ article/ Meizeir. html) “Struggle is any
personal goal achievement accompanied by discomfort and resistance.
Struggle may still certainly involve overcoming resistance and discomfort”.
Struggle is identical wit h hero and it is a symbol of freedom of a nation
to fight against the colonialism. It has a general meaning as a way to get the
best result and something worth. People will do everything to get it. This
occurs in many kinds of field, one of them in literary works.
Literature is an artwork while has idea of struggle elements such as
novel, poetry, and film. Film has the same position in textual studies. It is true
that film has become part of daily life, which is more complicated than the
other works. Making a film is not like writing a novel. It needs a teamwork,
which involves many people as crew. Film has many elements, such as
director, script, writer, editor, music composer, artistic , costume, designer, etc.
2
Beside that, it also needs some technique including cinematography, editing,
and sound.
There are many aspects of literature that describe our daily life and our
surrounding such as struggle, effort, etc. The more struggle, the more result
that can be enjoyed. On the other hand, human aim occurs as subjective; it
means it exists inside of the personality as on ideal or wish that can influence
the individual’s behavior. From these people have secret plans that occur in
their unconscious mind and they will struggle too many interferes although
what they believe is just their imagination.
The writer intends to conduct a study on psychological aspect of the
main character in Cast Away. This film directed by Robert Zemeckis. Robert
Zemeckis’s was born on May 14, 1952 in Chicago . He is an academy award
winning American movie director, producer, and writer. Zemeckis’s works
concern especially with psychological aspect such as struggle for life. In the
Cast away Zemeckis’s clearly describes the struggle for life, which has done
by the major character Chuck Nolan. There are many films directed by Robert
Zemeckis who had composed many films besides Cast away such as:
Back to the Future Part II (1989), Back to the Future Part III (1990), Death
Becomes Her (1992), Ghost Ship (2002), Thirteen Ghosts (2001), Gothika
(2003), House of Wax (2005), Monster House (2006), Be Owulf (2007).
The plot in Cast Away is adapted based on the Daniel Defoe’s novel
Robinson Crusoe. Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe over the centuries becomes one
of the most mythologized characters of western literature. In the most recent
adaptation of this novel, the film Cast Away (directed by Robert Zemeckis)
3
Defoe’s treatment of Crusoe’s spiritua l awakening has been highlights. Post
modern man as represented by efficiency expert Chuck Noland faces with a
search for meaning similar to that which Defoe’s “economic man” embarks
upon when isolated from humanity 300 years earlier. This research examines
the way Cast Away deals with the present paradox of faith in divine plan and
belief in individualism and the free will.
Cast Away is a 2000 film by 20th century fox and dream works,
directed by Robert Zemeckis and written by William Broyles Jr. Zemeckis’s
performs Tom Hank as the Chuck Noland as the main character. This film is
about FedEx employee who is a voluble, time- obsessed efficiency expert for
Federal Express. Shortly before boarding, the FedEx plane goes disastrously
wrong crashing into the South Pacific Ocean. He and his girlfriend Kelly
exchange gifts: Chuck gives her a number of joke and a ring and Kelly gives
him a family heirloom timepiece holding a photo of her. Marooned with only
the timepiece to remind him of home, Chuck finds himself facing only one
deadline, the race to survive in the face of starvation dehydration and natural
disaster.
Cast Away is everything this year is other man-against-nature
blockbuster, “the perfect storm,” was not. The curlier film huffed and puffed
to evoke a similarly elemental struggle in the traditional Hollywood ways.
With strenuously grandiose music and oversize, patently unrealistic co mputer
generated special effects. Cast Away also has its quotient of technological
4
trickery, but one of the movie’s wonders is that everything looks and feels so
remarkably real. In addition, it never pushes us too hard.
In this research, the researcher will analyze the struggle of life on the
major character in Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away film. This study will be
analyzing by using Alfred Alder’s Individual Psychological Theory. So that,
the researcher decides STRUGGLE FOR LIFE IN ROBERT ZEMECKIS’S
CAST AWAY: AN INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH as the
title of this study.
B. Literary Review.
There is a study conducted by other writers on Cast Away. After doing
observation in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta (UMS), the writer
found that the film had been analyzed by Retnosari, (2002); DEFENSE
MECHANISM
OF
MAJOR
CHARACTER
IN
CAST
AWAY:
PSYCHOANALITIC APPROACH.
In this research, the writer uses the similar research, but using different
approach focusing on how Robert Zemeckis reflects struggle fo r life of major
character in Cast Away film by us ing an individual psychological approach.
C. Problem Statement
Based on the research background above, the problem of the study is
how the struggle for life of the major character is reflected in Cast Away.
5
D. Limitation of the Study
The limitation of the study is the struggle for life of Chuck Noland in
Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away viewed by individual psychological approach
by Alfred Adler’s theory.
E. Objectives of the Study
There are two objectives of the study in the research, they are:
1. To analyze the structural element in Cast Away movie.
2. To analyze the struggle of life on the major character based on the
individual psychological approach.
F. Benefit of the Study
By presenting this research paper, the writers hopes that it will give some
benefit as follows:
1. Theoritical Benefit
a. To give some information which can be used by the researcher who are
interested in analyzing this literary work.
b. To give a contribution to other literary research especially in the study
of Robert Zemeckis’s literary work.
2. Practical Benefit
a.
Getting deeper understanding about individual psychological in
Robert Zemeckis’s.
b. Getting bachelor degree of educatio n in English Departmen
6
G. Research Method
1. Type of the Research
This research belongs to qualitative method with the descrip tive technique;
it focuses on analyzing of the character of Chuck Nolan
2. Object of the Research
The object of this research is Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away film.
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source
In this research, the writer uses two data source that are primary and
secondary data source.
a. Primary Data Source
The primary data is the Cast Away film by Robert Zemeckis and it is
taken from dialogue, attitude and all of the statement in the text of the
film which relevant with the research.
b. Secondary Data Source
The secondary data are taken from other sources, relating to the
primary data that support the analysis such as some books of
philosophy and website.
4. Technique of the Data Collection
The method of data collection in this study is library research. The present
writer collects the data, and then records the evidences from the primary
and secondary data. In collecting data, the writer takes some procedures as
follows:
7
a. Watching the work many times until the writer gets adequate
information or data analyze.
b. Reading some related books to get the theory, supporting data, and
information that will help in the process of the study.
c. Writing the primary and secondary data that is going to be analyzes
d. Classifying the data into groups, according to the categories of
elements of literary study.
5. Technique of the Data Analysis
In this research the technique that is used to analyze the data is descriptive
analysis, in which the researcher identifies struggle for life on the
character of Chuck Noland in Robert Zemeckis’s Cast Away using
Individual Psychological perspective.
H. Paper Organization
This research paper consists of five chapters. Chapter I is the
introduction, covering the background of the study, literature review, the
problem statement, limitation of the study, the objective of the study, the
benefit of the study, research method, and research paper organization.
Chapter II is underlying theory it is the theory of Adler’s individual
psychological that will be applied in conducting this research. Chapter III
deals
with
the
structural
analysis,
which
includes
character and
characterizations, setting, plot, and theme. Chapter IV deals with the
psychological analysis of the major character in cast away. Chapter V is the
conclusion and suggestion of the research.