INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1 Interlanguage Errors Made By Eleventh Grade Students Of SMA 1 Dagangan In Writing Recount Text 2013/2014.
INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1
DAGANGAN IN WRITING
RECOUNT TEXT 2013/2014
THESIS
Submitted to
Graduate Program of Language Study
of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting
Master Degree of Language Study of English
Written by:
Budiyanto
NIM. S. 200. 120. 016
GRADUATE PROGRAM OF LANGUAGE STUDY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
This thesis has beenn approved by the consultants to be examined
ned by the Board of
Examiner of the Post
P
Graduate Program of the English
lish Department of
Muhammadiyah Univ
niversity of Surakarta on ......................, 2014.
The First Cons
onsultant,
The Second Consultant,
C
Agus Wijayan
yanto, Ph.D.
Dra. Siti Zuhriah
iah Ariatmi, M.Hum
The Head of English Education
of Post Graduate Program
Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum
NOTE OF ADVISOR I
Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D
Lecturer of Language Study of Graduate Program
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyanto’s Thesis
Dear,
The Director of Graduate Program of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
NIM
Program
Focus on
Title
: Budiyanto
: S200 120 016
: Magister of Language Study
: Teaching English
: INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING RECOUNT
TEXT 2013/2014
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiners in
the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, April 5th, 2014
First Advisor,
Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D
NOTE OF ADVISOR II
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariyatmi.M.Hum
Lecturer of Language Study of Graduate Program
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyanto’s Thesis
Dear,
The Director of Graduate Program of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
NIM
Program
Focus on
Title
: Budiyanto
: S200 120 016
: Magister of Language Study
: Teaching English
: INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING RECOUNT
TEXT 2013/2014
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiners in
the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, April 5th, 2014
Second Advisor,
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariyatmi.M.Hum
MOTTO
There is no solution that can be used
to avoid something except think
THOMAS ALFA EDISON
If we will think the happiness of others
Of course it will call on us first
ARISTOTELES
If God be with us who shall be against us
ANONYMOUS
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved wife, my daughter and my son
My beloved parents in law
My brothers and sisters and all my friends
PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to cert
ertify that I myself write this thesis, entitled “Interl
terlanguage errors made
by students in writing
ing recount text at SMAN 1 Dagangan on the elevent grade year
2013/2014”. It is nott a plagiarism or made by others. Anything relate
ated to others’ work is
written in quotation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography.
If then thiss pronouncement
p
proves wrong, I am ready to
o accept
a
any academic
punishment, includingg the
t withdrawal of my academic degree.
Surakarta,
Ap 2014
April
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am grateful to Allah the Almighty, the Most Merciful (the eternally besought of all
for blessing), who has led me to the completion of this piece of work entitled “Interlanguage
errors made in writing recount text at SMA 1 Dagangan on the eleventh grade year
2013/2014” as the requirement for getting master degree of language study in English at
Post-graduate Program of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah
Dimyati, S.H., M.Hum, as a director of post graduate program of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta, Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M, Hum., the head of post graduate
program of Language Study, and Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D my thesis supervisor, for
his helpful guidance during the process of writing this thesis. His precious comments
and suggestions have shown the way to enhancement of my thesis.
I would like to deliver my sincere gratitude to Dra. Siti Zuhriyah, M.Hum as my
second thesis supervisor who has patiently given me her valuable comments, corrections, as
well as suggestions for the improvement of my thesis.
My next deeply grateful to all of the lecturers of Magister program of
English education for giving me such priceless knowledge and experience. Thanks to
my beloved wife, Harminingsih, My daughter, Maura Avisa Purwandari, My son
Obey Parental Hardiyansyah for their never-ending supporting, my parents in law and
my bothers and sisters for their encouragement. Thanks also to Nungki, Jaenuri and
Ninik Suryani and all of my classmates for togetherness, kindness, and motivation.
I really understand that this thesis is far from being perfect. I invite constructive
comments and suggestions from the readers for the betterment of this thesis. I do hope this
thesis will be useful.
Surakarta, April 2014
Budiyanto
INTER LANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING
RECOUNT TEXT 2013/2014
Budiyanto
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
[email protected]
The thesis describes the interlanguage errors made by the students in writing recount
text at SMAN 1 Dagangan. By doing the research, the researcher could investigate
the errors and the classification of errors, the possible factor that contribute to the
errors made by students at SMAN 1 Dagangan based on the surface strategy
taxonomy. Subjects of the research are the students at elevent grade at SMAN 1
Dagangan. The data collection was conducted through students’ test in writing
recount text. The data collection was analyzed by using qualitative research. The
result of the research showed that the total 499 errors were identified. Of them 207
(41,5%) were errors of ommision, 97 (19,5%) were errors of addition, 119 (23,8%)
were errors of misformation and 76 (15,2%) were errors of misordering. Based on the
finding above the characteristics of the errors : systematicity (46,9%), permeability
(30,7%), dynamicity (22,4%). There are three factors that contibute to the errors that
made by the students, the first is the language transfer or interlingual transfer, second
is overgeneralization and the last factor is influence of mother tongue.
.
Keywords: interlanguage, error analysis, teaching writing.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
.................................................................................................................... i
CONSULTANT NOTE .................................................................................................ii
ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO
............................................................................................................. iv
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................v
PRONOUNCEMENT ........................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ ix
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ................................................................................1
B. Problem Statement ..........................................................................................8
C.
Limitation of the Study ....................................................................................8
D. Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................9
E.
Benefit of the Study .........................................................................................9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study ...................................................................................................... 10
B.
Related theory ...................................................................................................... 17
1.
Error Analysis .............................................................................................. 17
2.
Interlanguage ............................................................................................... 21
3.
The Influence of Mother Tongue ................................................................... 24
4
Writing 26
5.
Steps in Writing Process ................................................................................ 28
6.
Teaching Writing ......................................................................................... 29
7.
Genre .............................................................................................................. 32
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Research
.............................................................................. 36
B.
Subject of the Research
................................................................................ 36
C.
Data and Data Source
................................................................................ 37
D. Method of Collecting Data
E.
37
Techniques of Analysing Data ............................................................................ 38
CHAPTER IV
: RESEARCH FINDING AND THE DISCUSSION
A.Data Analysis .....................................................................................................39
a. Ommision ......................................................................................................... 39
b. Addition ........................................................................................................... 43
c Misformation ................................................................................................... 45
d. Misordering ..................................................................................................... 47
B. Research Finding .............................................................................................57
1. Interlanguage errors occur in students’ writing .........................................57
2. The characteristic interlanguage error made by the students .....................59
3. The possible factors that contribute to the errors .......................................61
C. Discussion .............................................................................................................. 62
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 66
B. Suggestion .................................................................................................67
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF SMA 1
DAGANGAN IN WRITING
RECOUNT TEXT 2013/2014
THESIS
Submitted to
Graduate Program of Language Study
of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting
Master Degree of Language Study of English
Written by:
Budiyanto
NIM. S. 200. 120. 016
GRADUATE PROGRAM OF LANGUAGE STUDY
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
This thesis has beenn approved by the consultants to be examined
ned by the Board of
Examiner of the Post
P
Graduate Program of the English
lish Department of
Muhammadiyah Univ
niversity of Surakarta on ......................, 2014.
The First Cons
onsultant,
The Second Consultant,
C
Agus Wijayan
yanto, Ph.D.
Dra. Siti Zuhriah
iah Ariatmi, M.Hum
The Head of English Education
of Post Graduate Program
Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum
NOTE OF ADVISOR I
Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D
Lecturer of Language Study of Graduate Program
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyanto’s Thesis
Dear,
The Director of Graduate Program of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
NIM
Program
Focus on
Title
: Budiyanto
: S200 120 016
: Magister of Language Study
: Teaching English
: INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING RECOUNT
TEXT 2013/2014
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiners in
the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, April 5th, 2014
First Advisor,
Agus Wijayanto, Ph.D
NOTE OF ADVISOR II
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariyatmi.M.Hum
Lecturer of Language Study of Graduate Program
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Official Note on Budiyanto’s Thesis
Dear,
The Director of Graduate Program of
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Having read, examined, corrected, and necessarily revised towards the thesis of
Name
NIM
Program
Focus on
Title
: Budiyanto
: S200 120 016
: Magister of Language Study
: Teaching English
: INTERLANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING RECOUNT
TEXT 2013/2014
I access that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of the examiners in
the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
Surakarta, April 5th, 2014
Second Advisor,
Dra. Siti Zuhriyah Ariyatmi.M.Hum
MOTTO
There is no solution that can be used
to avoid something except think
THOMAS ALFA EDISON
If we will think the happiness of others
Of course it will call on us first
ARISTOTELES
If God be with us who shall be against us
ANONYMOUS
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
My beloved wife, my daughter and my son
My beloved parents in law
My brothers and sisters and all my friends
PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to cert
ertify that I myself write this thesis, entitled “Interl
terlanguage errors made
by students in writing
ing recount text at SMAN 1 Dagangan on the elevent grade year
2013/2014”. It is nott a plagiarism or made by others. Anything relate
ated to others’ work is
written in quotation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography.
If then thiss pronouncement
p
proves wrong, I am ready to
o accept
a
any academic
punishment, includingg the
t withdrawal of my academic degree.
Surakarta,
Ap 2014
April
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am grateful to Allah the Almighty, the Most Merciful (the eternally besought of all
for blessing), who has led me to the completion of this piece of work entitled “Interlanguage
errors made in writing recount text at SMA 1 Dagangan on the eleventh grade year
2013/2014” as the requirement for getting master degree of language study in English at
Post-graduate Program of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah
Dimyati, S.H., M.Hum, as a director of post graduate program of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta, Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M, Hum., the head of post graduate
program of Language Study, and Agus Wijayanto, Ph. D my thesis supervisor, for
his helpful guidance during the process of writing this thesis. His precious comments
and suggestions have shown the way to enhancement of my thesis.
I would like to deliver my sincere gratitude to Dra. Siti Zuhriyah, M.Hum as my
second thesis supervisor who has patiently given me her valuable comments, corrections, as
well as suggestions for the improvement of my thesis.
My next deeply grateful to all of the lecturers of Magister program of
English education for giving me such priceless knowledge and experience. Thanks to
my beloved wife, Harminingsih, My daughter, Maura Avisa Purwandari, My son
Obey Parental Hardiyansyah for their never-ending supporting, my parents in law and
my bothers and sisters for their encouragement. Thanks also to Nungki, Jaenuri and
Ninik Suryani and all of my classmates for togetherness, kindness, and motivation.
I really understand that this thesis is far from being perfect. I invite constructive
comments and suggestions from the readers for the betterment of this thesis. I do hope this
thesis will be useful.
Surakarta, April 2014
Budiyanto
INTER LANGUAGE ERRORS MADE BY ELEVENTH GRADE
STUDENTS OF SMA 1 DAGANGAN IN WRITING
RECOUNT TEXT 2013/2014
Budiyanto
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
[email protected]
The thesis describes the interlanguage errors made by the students in writing recount
text at SMAN 1 Dagangan. By doing the research, the researcher could investigate
the errors and the classification of errors, the possible factor that contribute to the
errors made by students at SMAN 1 Dagangan based on the surface strategy
taxonomy. Subjects of the research are the students at elevent grade at SMAN 1
Dagangan. The data collection was conducted through students’ test in writing
recount text. The data collection was analyzed by using qualitative research. The
result of the research showed that the total 499 errors were identified. Of them 207
(41,5%) were errors of ommision, 97 (19,5%) were errors of addition, 119 (23,8%)
were errors of misformation and 76 (15,2%) were errors of misordering. Based on the
finding above the characteristics of the errors : systematicity (46,9%), permeability
(30,7%), dynamicity (22,4%). There are three factors that contibute to the errors that
made by the students, the first is the language transfer or interlingual transfer, second
is overgeneralization and the last factor is influence of mother tongue.
.
Keywords: interlanguage, error analysis, teaching writing.
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
.................................................................................................................... i
CONSULTANT NOTE .................................................................................................ii
ACCEPTANCE ..................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO
............................................................................................................. iv
DEDICATION ........................................................................................................v
PRONOUNCEMENT ........................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ ix
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study ................................................................................1
B. Problem Statement ..........................................................................................8
C.
Limitation of the Study ....................................................................................8
D. Objectives of the Study ....................................................................................9
E.
Benefit of the Study .........................................................................................9
CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Study ...................................................................................................... 10
B.
Related theory ...................................................................................................... 17
1.
Error Analysis .............................................................................................. 17
2.
Interlanguage ............................................................................................... 21
3.
The Influence of Mother Tongue ................................................................... 24
4
Writing 26
5.
Steps in Writing Process ................................................................................ 28
6.
Teaching Writing ......................................................................................... 29
7.
Genre .............................................................................................................. 32
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD
A. Type of the Research
.............................................................................. 36
B.
Subject of the Research
................................................................................ 36
C.
Data and Data Source
................................................................................ 37
D. Method of Collecting Data
E.
37
Techniques of Analysing Data ............................................................................ 38
CHAPTER IV
: RESEARCH FINDING AND THE DISCUSSION
A.Data Analysis .....................................................................................................39
a. Ommision ......................................................................................................... 39
b. Addition ........................................................................................................... 43
c Misformation ................................................................................................... 45
d. Misordering ..................................................................................................... 47
B. Research Finding .............................................................................................57
1. Interlanguage errors occur in students’ writing .........................................57
2. The characteristic interlanguage error made by the students .....................59
3. The possible factors that contribute to the errors .......................................61
C. Discussion .............................................................................................................. 62
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 66
B. Suggestion .................................................................................................67
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX