M01129
Ash Center
Harvard University
April 29, 2014
Imagining Civic Engagement for
Peacebuilding in the Context of
Strong Oral Society:
Maluku-Indonesia Case
Izak Lattu
Interdisciplinary Studies of Religion
The Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley
Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia
World’s Map
Indonesia
3
My Research Location
4
Orality and Malukan Narrative
The history of written ink does not speak. It is
the kapata that tells the story (Mainoro’s One
Blood )
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7AIHTlwn8
Malukan Forest of Symbols
A Muslim Pillar in a Christian
Church
A Christian Pillar in a Muslim
Mosque
6
Pela: Kinship Networking and
Peacebuilding Narrative
Research Method
• Ethnographic
research
• Interdisciplinary
Approach
Malukan Conflict
in
1999 – 2003
• 13,000 died
• 100,000
wounded
• 1 million
refugees
Malukan conflict and Political
Transition in Indonesia
The Withdrawal of Soeharto in
1998
Timor Leste’s Independence
from Indonesia in 1999
10
• The Spices
Islands.
• Interface of
Trades and
Religions
• 1512 –
Portuguese
1599 – Dutch
1600 - British
1603 - Spanish
Military Approach: 17 Battalions of
Indonesian Armed Forces in Maluku
12
Formal Elite Meetings and Written Agreement (Malino
II Meeting in February 2002)
Oral Forms of Civic Engagement:
Folksongs and Ritual Performances
What holds Malukan
collective memory?
Rituals
Oral
Narratives
Folksongs
Pela
15
Folksong, Ethnicity, and Identity
• Malukan topoi of collective imagination
imagination: Pop, Dangdut, Hip Hop
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8x6ujAGozo
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vg2qpJzIl
0
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUGm562
ueHw
Ritual and Social Integration
Food and Community
Performance and Identity
17
Overlapping of Religion and Culture
Festivals
Kinship Folksongs
Church Music in an Islamic
Festival
18
Malukan Local Peacebuilding
Oral Forms
of Civic
Engagement
Elite based
Conflict
Resolution
Military
Approach
19
Conclusion
• The example of peacebuilding in Malukan shows
the importance of oral forms of civic engagement
in a strong oral society.
• In the context where collective memory is stored
orally, people nurture social integration through
performances, folksongs, and oral narratives.
• Gover e t’s pu li poli ies for the for atio of
community belonging in the strong oral society
have to deal the interface between written public
policy and oral forms of cultural identity.
20
Harvard University
April 29, 2014
Imagining Civic Engagement for
Peacebuilding in the Context of
Strong Oral Society:
Maluku-Indonesia Case
Izak Lattu
Interdisciplinary Studies of Religion
The Graduate Theological Union, Berkeley
Satya Wacana Christian University, Indonesia
World’s Map
Indonesia
3
My Research Location
4
Orality and Malukan Narrative
The history of written ink does not speak. It is
the kapata that tells the story (Mainoro’s One
Blood )
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L7AIHTlwn8
Malukan Forest of Symbols
A Muslim Pillar in a Christian
Church
A Christian Pillar in a Muslim
Mosque
6
Pela: Kinship Networking and
Peacebuilding Narrative
Research Method
• Ethnographic
research
• Interdisciplinary
Approach
Malukan Conflict
in
1999 – 2003
• 13,000 died
• 100,000
wounded
• 1 million
refugees
Malukan conflict and Political
Transition in Indonesia
The Withdrawal of Soeharto in
1998
Timor Leste’s Independence
from Indonesia in 1999
10
• The Spices
Islands.
• Interface of
Trades and
Religions
• 1512 –
Portuguese
1599 – Dutch
1600 - British
1603 - Spanish
Military Approach: 17 Battalions of
Indonesian Armed Forces in Maluku
12
Formal Elite Meetings and Written Agreement (Malino
II Meeting in February 2002)
Oral Forms of Civic Engagement:
Folksongs and Ritual Performances
What holds Malukan
collective memory?
Rituals
Oral
Narratives
Folksongs
Pela
15
Folksong, Ethnicity, and Identity
• Malukan topoi of collective imagination
imagination: Pop, Dangdut, Hip Hop
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8x6ujAGozo
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3vg2qpJzIl
0
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bUGm562
ueHw
Ritual and Social Integration
Food and Community
Performance and Identity
17
Overlapping of Religion and Culture
Festivals
Kinship Folksongs
Church Music in an Islamic
Festival
18
Malukan Local Peacebuilding
Oral Forms
of Civic
Engagement
Elite based
Conflict
Resolution
Military
Approach
19
Conclusion
• The example of peacebuilding in Malukan shows
the importance of oral forms of civic engagement
in a strong oral society.
• In the context where collective memory is stored
orally, people nurture social integration through
performances, folksongs, and oral narratives.
• Gover e t’s pu li poli ies for the for atio of
community belonging in the strong oral society
have to deal the interface between written public
policy and oral forms of cultural identity.
20