THE EFFECT OF ENGAGE, STUDY, ACTIVATE TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS ACHIEVEMENT IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT.
THE EFFECT OF ENGAGE, STUDY, ACTIVATE
TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT
IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
RAHMADAYANI SARAGIH
Registration Number : 2113121060
ENGLISH EDUCATION AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise to Allah SWT who always gives her blessing, power, strength
and love in her entire life and in terms of her study, especially in completing this
thesis entitled “ The Effect of Engage, Study, Activate Technique on Students’
Achievement in Writing Narrative Text” as one of the requirements for the degree
of Sarjana Pendidikan (S1) at English Department, Faculty of Language and Arts,
State University of Medan.
During the process of conducting the research, the researcher had been
assisted and supported by many people. This thesis could have not been
accomplished without guidance, suggestion, and comment from them, for which
the researcher would like to express her sincere appreciation which directed to :
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Languages and Arts.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature
Department.
Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department.
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd, S.S, M. Hum., the Head of English Education
Program.
Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., her Thesis Consultant.
Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan, M.Hum., her Thesis Consultant.
Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph.D., Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum., Dr.
Rahmad Husein, M.Ed., her Thesis Reviewers.
Euis Sri Wahyuningsih, M.Pd., the Academic Staff and Administrative
Staff.
Sir Pantes., the Staff.
Drs. Pednan Lumban Tombing., the Headmaster of SMPN 1 Sei Rampah.
Suriadi, S.Pd., the English Teacher of SMPN 1 Sei Rampah.
Her beloved parents., Anas Saragih and Nurlela Purba.
Her beloved brother and sisters., Harifin Saragih, Maysarah Saragih,
Nurasbiah Saragih, S.H, and Mariana Saragih, S.Pd.
Her lovely friends, Putri Simbolon, Laura Elisabeth Hutapea, Rismauli
Aritonang, Nomita Manurung, Raideni Kaloko, Helena Siregar, and
Rostina Silalahi.
Her special friend, Fadli Hidayat, S.E.
iii
Overall, the writer hopes she can give a bit contribution to language
education, especially major of English.
Medan, Agustus 2015
The Writer
Rahmadayani Saragih
Reg. No. 2113121060
iv
ABSTRACT
Saragih, Rahmadayani. 2113121060. The Effect of Engage, Study, Activate
Technique on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. A Thesis.
English Department Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of
Medan. 2015.
This study is aimed at finding out the effect of Engage, Study, Activate technique
on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This research applied
experimental design. The instrument used to collect the data was a written test.
The population was the 2015/2016 second year students (grade VIII) of SMP N 1
Sei Rampah. There were nine paralel classes that consisted of 30 students. The
total number of the population were 270 students. The total number of the sample
were 60 students. The researcher selected the sample by choosing only 2 classes
by using sampling technique. The sample was divided into two groups,
experimental group and control group. The experimental group was taught by
applying Engage, Study, Activate technique while the control group was taught
without applying Engage, Study, Activate technique. The data were taken by
administering the pre-test and post-test to both control and experimental groups.
These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test
obviously showed that t-observed (4.383) is higher than t-table (1.671) with the
degree of freedom (df= 58) at the level significance 0.05 one tail test. It means
that alternative hypothesis stating that there is a significant effect of Engage,
Study, Activate technique on students’ achievement in writing narrative text is
accepted.
Keywords : ESA Technique, Writing Narrative Text
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
DECLARATION...........................................................................................
i
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................
v
LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES ...............................................................................
viii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study ..............................................................
B. The Problem of the Study ...................................................................
C. The Objective of the Study .................................................................
D. The Scope of the Study ........................................................................
E. The Significant of the Study ...............................................................
1
5
5
5
5
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................
7
A. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................
1. Students’ Achievement ...................................................................
2. Writing ............................................................................................
3. Narrative Text ..................................................................................
4. Writing Narrative Text ....................................................................
5. Engage, Study, Activate (ESA) Technique .....................................
B. Relevant Studies ..................................................................................
C.Conceptual Framework .........................................................................
D.Hypothesis ............................................................................................
7
7
7
11
16
18
28
29
30
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................
31
A. Research Design ...................................................................................
B. Population and Sample ........................................................................
1. Population ........................................................................................
2. Sample .............................................................................................
C. Instrument for Collecting Data .............................................................
D. The Procedure of the Research .............................................................
1. Pre-Test ............................................................................................
2. Treatment ........................................................................................
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
34
v
3. Post-Test ..........................................................................................
E. Scoring of the Test ...............................................................................
F. The Validity and Reliability of the Test ...............................................
1. The Validity of the Test ...................................................................
2. The Reliability of the Test ...............................................................
G. Technique for Analyzing the Data .......................................................
36
36
39
39
40
41
H. Statistical Hypothesis ...........................................................................
43
CHAPTER IV. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS........... 44
A. The Data................................................................................................. 44
B. Data Analysis ......................................................................................
45
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................
50
A. Conclusions ........................................................................................
50
B. Suggestions .........................................................................................
50
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................
51
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
53
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 1.1. The Score of Writing Narrative Text (below KKM) ........................... 3
Table 2.1. Social Function of Narrative Text ........................................................ 12
Table 3.1. Table of Research Design..................................................................... 32
Table 4.1. Teaching Procedure for Experimental Group ...................................... 35
Table 4.2. Teaching Procedure for Control Group ............................................... 35
Table 5.1. The Scoring of Writing ........................................................................ 36
Table 6.1. The Scores of Experimental and Control Group .................................. 73
Table 7.1. Statistical Analysis for Reliability Coefficient .................................... 74
Table 8.1. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean
by the Students of Experimental Group ............................................... 76
Table 8.2. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean by
the Students of Control Group ............................................................. 77
T-Distribution Critical Values Table .................................................................... 80
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix A. Lesson Plan for Experimental Group .............................................. 53
Appendix B. Lesson Plan for Control Group ........................................................ 64
Appendix C. The Scores of Experimental and Control Group ............................. 73
Appendix D. Statistical Analysis for Reliability Coefficient ................................ 74
Appendix E. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean
by the Students of Experimental Group
............................................................................................................................... 76
The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean by the
Students of Control Group ................................................................................... 77
Appendix F. Pre-test and Post-test ........................................................................ 79
viii
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions
After analyzing the data, it was found that the students’ score in writing
narrative text was significantly affected by applying Engage, Study, Activate
(ESA) technique. The using of ESA technique has improved the students’
narrative writing to be more coherent and grammatical than by using control
group.
As the pre-test and the post-test were done. The students’ scores in
experimental group were more succeed to pass the minimum standard level than
in control group. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a significant effect of
Engage, Study, Activate (ESA) technique on students’ achievement in writing
narrative text
B. Suggestions
Based on the result of the study, the following suggestions are presented :
1. It is suggested that the teacher should choose suitable technique in teaching
writing.
2. It is suggested that the teacher could apply ESA technique in teaching writing.
3. It is suggested that the students can increase their writing, especially writing
narrative text through ESA technique.
50
TECHNIQUE ON STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT
IN WRITING NARRATIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By :
RAHMADAYANI SARAGIH
Registration Number : 2113121060
ENGLISH EDUCATION AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2015
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All praise to Allah SWT who always gives her blessing, power, strength
and love in her entire life and in terms of her study, especially in completing this
thesis entitled “ The Effect of Engage, Study, Activate Technique on Students’
Achievement in Writing Narrative Text” as one of the requirements for the degree
of Sarjana Pendidikan (S1) at English Department, Faculty of Language and Arts,
State University of Medan.
During the process of conducting the research, the researcher had been
assisted and supported by many people. This thesis could have not been
accomplished without guidance, suggestion, and comment from them, for which
the researcher would like to express her sincere appreciation which directed to :
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Languages and Arts.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English and Literature
Department.
Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Secretary of English Department.
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd, S.S, M. Hum., the Head of English Education
Program.
Dra. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., her Thesis Consultant.
Dr. Anni Holila Pulungan, M.Hum., her Thesis Consultant.
Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A., Ph.D., Syamsul Bahri, S.S, M.Hum., Dr.
Rahmad Husein, M.Ed., her Thesis Reviewers.
Euis Sri Wahyuningsih, M.Pd., the Academic Staff and Administrative
Staff.
Sir Pantes., the Staff.
Drs. Pednan Lumban Tombing., the Headmaster of SMPN 1 Sei Rampah.
Suriadi, S.Pd., the English Teacher of SMPN 1 Sei Rampah.
Her beloved parents., Anas Saragih and Nurlela Purba.
Her beloved brother and sisters., Harifin Saragih, Maysarah Saragih,
Nurasbiah Saragih, S.H, and Mariana Saragih, S.Pd.
Her lovely friends, Putri Simbolon, Laura Elisabeth Hutapea, Rismauli
Aritonang, Nomita Manurung, Raideni Kaloko, Helena Siregar, and
Rostina Silalahi.
Her special friend, Fadli Hidayat, S.E.
iii
Overall, the writer hopes she can give a bit contribution to language
education, especially major of English.
Medan, Agustus 2015
The Writer
Rahmadayani Saragih
Reg. No. 2113121060
iv
ABSTRACT
Saragih, Rahmadayani. 2113121060. The Effect of Engage, Study, Activate
Technique on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. A Thesis.
English Department Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of
Medan. 2015.
This study is aimed at finding out the effect of Engage, Study, Activate technique
on students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This research applied
experimental design. The instrument used to collect the data was a written test.
The population was the 2015/2016 second year students (grade VIII) of SMP N 1
Sei Rampah. There were nine paralel classes that consisted of 30 students. The
total number of the population were 270 students. The total number of the sample
were 60 students. The researcher selected the sample by choosing only 2 classes
by using sampling technique. The sample was divided into two groups,
experimental group and control group. The experimental group was taught by
applying Engage, Study, Activate technique while the control group was taught
without applying Engage, Study, Activate technique. The data were taken by
administering the pre-test and post-test to both control and experimental groups.
These data were analyzed by using t-test. The result of computing the t-test
obviously showed that t-observed (4.383) is higher than t-table (1.671) with the
degree of freedom (df= 58) at the level significance 0.05 one tail test. It means
that alternative hypothesis stating that there is a significant effect of Engage,
Study, Activate technique on students’ achievement in writing narrative text is
accepted.
Keywords : ESA Technique, Writing Narrative Text
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
DECLARATION...........................................................................................
i
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS...............................................................................
v
LIST OF TABLES .........................................................................................
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES ...............................................................................
viii
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of the Study ..............................................................
B. The Problem of the Study ...................................................................
C. The Objective of the Study .................................................................
D. The Scope of the Study ........................................................................
E. The Significant of the Study ...............................................................
1
5
5
5
5
CHAPTER II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE ............................................
7
A. Theoretical Framework ........................................................................
1. Students’ Achievement ...................................................................
2. Writing ............................................................................................
3. Narrative Text ..................................................................................
4. Writing Narrative Text ....................................................................
5. Engage, Study, Activate (ESA) Technique .....................................
B. Relevant Studies ..................................................................................
C.Conceptual Framework .........................................................................
D.Hypothesis ............................................................................................
7
7
7
11
16
18
28
29
30
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ......................................
31
A. Research Design ...................................................................................
B. Population and Sample ........................................................................
1. Population ........................................................................................
2. Sample .............................................................................................
C. Instrument for Collecting Data .............................................................
D. The Procedure of the Research .............................................................
1. Pre-Test ............................................................................................
2. Treatment ........................................................................................
31
32
32
33
33
34
34
34
v
3. Post-Test ..........................................................................................
E. Scoring of the Test ...............................................................................
F. The Validity and Reliability of the Test ...............................................
1. The Validity of the Test ...................................................................
2. The Reliability of the Test ...............................................................
G. Technique for Analyzing the Data .......................................................
36
36
39
39
40
41
H. Statistical Hypothesis ...........................................................................
43
CHAPTER IV. DATA ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH FINDINGS........... 44
A. The Data................................................................................................. 44
B. Data Analysis ......................................................................................
45
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................
50
A. Conclusions ........................................................................................
50
B. Suggestions .........................................................................................
50
REFERENCES ...............................................................................................
51
APPENDICES ................................................................................................
53
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Pages
Table 1.1. The Score of Writing Narrative Text (below KKM) ........................... 3
Table 2.1. Social Function of Narrative Text ........................................................ 12
Table 3.1. Table of Research Design..................................................................... 32
Table 4.1. Teaching Procedure for Experimental Group ...................................... 35
Table 4.2. Teaching Procedure for Control Group ............................................... 35
Table 5.1. The Scoring of Writing ........................................................................ 36
Table 6.1. The Scores of Experimental and Control Group .................................. 73
Table 7.1. Statistical Analysis for Reliability Coefficient .................................... 74
Table 8.1. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean
by the Students of Experimental Group ............................................... 76
Table 8.2. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean by
the Students of Control Group ............................................................. 77
T-Distribution Critical Values Table .................................................................... 80
vii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
Appendix A. Lesson Plan for Experimental Group .............................................. 53
Appendix B. Lesson Plan for Control Group ........................................................ 64
Appendix C. The Scores of Experimental and Control Group ............................. 73
Appendix D. Statistical Analysis for Reliability Coefficient ................................ 74
Appendix E. The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean
by the Students of Experimental Group
............................................................................................................................... 76
The Scores of Pre-Test, Post-Test, Calculation of Deviation, Mean by the
Students of Control Group ................................................................................... 77
Appendix F. Pre-test and Post-test ........................................................................ 79
viii
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions
After analyzing the data, it was found that the students’ score in writing
narrative text was significantly affected by applying Engage, Study, Activate
(ESA) technique. The using of ESA technique has improved the students’
narrative writing to be more coherent and grammatical than by using control
group.
As the pre-test and the post-test were done. The students’ scores in
experimental group were more succeed to pass the minimum standard level than
in control group. Therefore, it is concluded that there is a significant effect of
Engage, Study, Activate (ESA) technique on students’ achievement in writing
narrative text
B. Suggestions
Based on the result of the study, the following suggestions are presented :
1. It is suggested that the teacher should choose suitable technique in teaching
writing.
2. It is suggested that the teacher could apply ESA technique in teaching writing.
3. It is suggested that the students can increase their writing, especially writing
narrative text through ESA technique.
50