Institutional Repository | Satya Wacana Christian University: An Anlysis of Brigance's Motives in Winning the Trial using Freud's Psychological Approach in Grisham's "A Time to Kill"
An Analysis of Brigance’s Motives in Winning the Trial
Using Freud’s Psychological Approach
In Grisham’s “A Time to Kill”
Research Paper
Submitted TotheEnglish Department
To Fulfill Partial Requirement
For The Degree of SarjanaSastra
R. Nico Samuel William Ramandei
392014530
THE ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT
SATYA WACANA SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
2015
I AM THE ALFA AND OMEGA
BUT
I AM NOT JESUS
I AM NICO
BUT
I AM NOT A LOOSER
2
Approval Page
This precious Last Assignment has been defended of the Examination
Committee of Last Assignment of SatyaWacana School of Foreign
Language at:
Day
: Thursday
Date
:30th, Appril 2015
Place at
: Room G3 STiBASatyaWacana
And has been accepted according to the decision of the Examination Committee:
Examination Committee:
Approved by,
Examiner I,
Advisor,
( ……………………………)
( ……………………………)
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I always realize that I need others people to complete my duties in this long journey of
life. First of all, I am going to giving my special thanks to Jesus Christ as my true best friend that
always companies me with worthy experiences. I am lost without Him and now He rises me up
more than I can be.
In this section, I also would like to thank all people in my life for all the supports given to
me so that I can finish my study.
To my beloved wife, Irla Nur Hestiyana, S.Pd., M.Pd.. You are the best woman that I
have. Your patience and your love really touch my heart. There is no one like you, babe.
Thank you so much my dear for companies me all the time. I am so proud of you,
sweetheart. I love you so much. Thank you Jesus for giving me this wonderful woman in
my life.
For my Father, Jan Herman Ramandei, You are the strongest man that I have. There is no
other man in this whole world
change your position in my heart. You are always be
there. Thank you for giving me pray, advices, sweet memories and the most important
thing is thank you so much for introducing Lord Jesus as my shelter since I was a child.
For my older sister, Maryorlin Stien Fenny Ramandei, thank you for all things you have
done for me, I cannot count it one by one, your kind heart cannot be replaced with others.
For my lovely Brother and Sisters; Jan Wellem Ramandei and Agustina Welmince
Ramandei, Roseline Ramandei, Kak Richard Wakris, Kak Nona Rumwaropen and (My
Mr. Orasta Borasna Corestano). Thank you for trusting and loving me any way. and also
4
for my uncles, aunts, cousins and nephews, I am so sorry that I can not mention each of
you one by one, I warmly thank you for everything that you have done to support myself
all the times.
Furthermore, I would like to express my gratitude to Papa and Mama in Waropen.
Grateful thank for helping me to get through the difficult times and for all the financial
and emotional supports.
To my supervisor, Ms. Anna Sri Astuti, S.Pd., M. Hum.. I would like to express my deep
and sincere gratitude for all your valuable advices, suggestions and friendly
encouragement so I can complete this thesis. You know how stupid I am but I want you
to know too that I will try hard and never give up to be someone smart, as smart as you
I would like to express my warm and sincere gratitude to all Lecturers of STiBA
SatyaWacana. Ms. Dra. Ristiyanti Prasetijo, MBA., Mr Dian Toar Sumakul. S.Pd., Mis
Debora Tri Ragawanti, S.S, MA-ELT., Ms. Lasti Nur Satiani, S.S, Ms. Esriaty Sega
Kendenan, S.Pd., Ms. Rindang Widiningrum. S.Pd., Ms. Athriyana S. Pattiwael. S.Pd.,
Mr. Wahyu Seno Aji. S.S., Ms. Deta Maria Sri Darta. S.Pd., I am thankful for providing
me with a precious knowledge and skills.
I wish to express my thanks to all Staffs: Pak Warsaya, Mbak Yanti, Pak Yanto, Mas
Koko, and Mas Edy, who gave me friendly helps during your busy time.
I want to thank my friends. John Calvin Kumar, Ginanjar, Adi Han, Dony, Erhanz, Badak
Bercula Satu, Martinus, Baim, Juwita, Shanty, Habel Rumpaidus, and the others..., you
all always be my sweet memories. Thanks for now I can be able to understand what the
loneliness is (where are you guys?) but it is ok, you all are happy now..., I am happy
too
5
Finally, it is a pleasure to thank everyone who directly and indirectly supports me in
financial and emotional help during my study. I am sorry for not mentioning your name
one by one. You, yourself know that for me, you all will never be forgotten. Always be
on my mind. And once again thank you so much for giving me a lovely environment
where I can develop myself to be a better man.
April, 2015
R. Nico Samuel William Ramandei
6
ABSTRACT
Occasionally, some people are impressedby the title or the cover of the novel only
but some others prefer the characters to the title. It is why some old novels are still
interested to be read now days. Jake Brigance is one of the characters in John Grisham’s “A
Time to Kill”. Some readers of the this novel perhaps impressed on the style or the actions
of Jake Brigance as the Carl Lee Harley’s lawyer but maybe they do not understand Jake
Brigance’s motives behind the trial. Motives are the "whys" of behavior, the needs or wants
that drive behavior and explain what we do. And for this reason, this research paper was
conductedto analyze the threats and unconscious desires of Jake Brigance in order better
know well specifically what does the motives of Jake Brigance behind handling Carl Lee
Harley’s case and winning the trial, by using Freudian psychological.
7
ABSTRAK
Adakalanya, orang hanya terkesan pada judul atau sampul sebuah novel saja
namun ada pula yang lebih tertarik pada karakter yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut
dibandingkan judulnya. Inilah mengapa beberapa novel lama masih terus diminati untuk
dibaca saatini. Jake Brigance adalah salah satu karakter yang terdapat dalam novel “A
Time to kill” karangan John Grisham. Beberapa pembaca novel ini mungkin terkesan
pada style atau aksi-aksi Jake Brigance sebagai pengacara Carl Lee Harley namun
mereka tidak memahami motif apa yang dimiliki Jake Brigance dibalik persidangan.
Motif adalah “Mengapa” bertingkahlaku, kebutuhan atau keinginan yang mengerakan
prilaku dan menjelaskan apa yang kita lakukan. Dan untuk alas an inilah, makalah ini
dibuat dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologi Freud dalam menganalisa ancaman
dan kenginan-keinginan alam bawah sadar Jake Brigance agar dapat memahami dan
mengenal lebih khusus apa motive yang dimiliki Jake Brigance dibalik penanganan kasus
Carl Lee Harley dan pemenangan persidangan.
8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
MOTTO PAGE ...................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL PAGE............................................................................................... ii
ACKNOLEDGMENT ........................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENT ....................................................................................... viii
I.
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1
II.
THEORITICAL REVIEW ....................................................................................4
A. The Freudian Psychological Approach Toward Literary Works .....................4
B. Freudian Threats .............................................................................................4
C. Unconscious Desire ........................................................................................4
1. Id ................................................................................................................5
2. Ego .............................................................................................................6
3. Superego ....................................................................................................7
D. Definition of Motives.......................................................................................7
III.
ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................9
A. Jake Brigance’s Threats ...................................................................................9
1. External Threats ........................................................................................10
2. Internal Threats .........................................................................................10
B. Jake Brigance’s Unonscious Desires ..............................................................11
1. Brigance’s Will to Earn A High Income ..................................................11
9
2. Brigance’s Will to Be Famous ..................................................................13
C. Jake Brigances’s Motives Behind The Trial ...................................................15
1. Money Motive of Brigance .......................................................................15
2. Famous Motive of Brigance .....................................................................16
IV.
CONCLUSION .....................................................................................................19
A. Conclusion ......................................................................................................19
B. Suggestion .......................................................................................................20
REFERENCES .....................................................................................................22
APPENDIX...........................................................................................................23
10
Using Freud’s Psychological Approach
In Grisham’s “A Time to Kill”
Research Paper
Submitted TotheEnglish Department
To Fulfill Partial Requirement
For The Degree of SarjanaSastra
R. Nico Samuel William Ramandei
392014530
THE ENGLISH DEPARTEMENT
SATYA WACANA SCHOOL OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
2015
I AM THE ALFA AND OMEGA
BUT
I AM NOT JESUS
I AM NICO
BUT
I AM NOT A LOOSER
2
Approval Page
This precious Last Assignment has been defended of the Examination
Committee of Last Assignment of SatyaWacana School of Foreign
Language at:
Day
: Thursday
Date
:30th, Appril 2015
Place at
: Room G3 STiBASatyaWacana
And has been accepted according to the decision of the Examination Committee:
Examination Committee:
Approved by,
Examiner I,
Advisor,
( ……………………………)
( ……………………………)
3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I always realize that I need others people to complete my duties in this long journey of
life. First of all, I am going to giving my special thanks to Jesus Christ as my true best friend that
always companies me with worthy experiences. I am lost without Him and now He rises me up
more than I can be.
In this section, I also would like to thank all people in my life for all the supports given to
me so that I can finish my study.
To my beloved wife, Irla Nur Hestiyana, S.Pd., M.Pd.. You are the best woman that I
have. Your patience and your love really touch my heart. There is no one like you, babe.
Thank you so much my dear for companies me all the time. I am so proud of you,
sweetheart. I love you so much. Thank you Jesus for giving me this wonderful woman in
my life.
For my Father, Jan Herman Ramandei, You are the strongest man that I have. There is no
other man in this whole world
change your position in my heart. You are always be
there. Thank you for giving me pray, advices, sweet memories and the most important
thing is thank you so much for introducing Lord Jesus as my shelter since I was a child.
For my older sister, Maryorlin Stien Fenny Ramandei, thank you for all things you have
done for me, I cannot count it one by one, your kind heart cannot be replaced with others.
For my lovely Brother and Sisters; Jan Wellem Ramandei and Agustina Welmince
Ramandei, Roseline Ramandei, Kak Richard Wakris, Kak Nona Rumwaropen and (My
Mr. Orasta Borasna Corestano). Thank you for trusting and loving me any way. and also
4
for my uncles, aunts, cousins and nephews, I am so sorry that I can not mention each of
you one by one, I warmly thank you for everything that you have done to support myself
all the times.
Furthermore, I would like to express my gratitude to Papa and Mama in Waropen.
Grateful thank for helping me to get through the difficult times and for all the financial
and emotional supports.
To my supervisor, Ms. Anna Sri Astuti, S.Pd., M. Hum.. I would like to express my deep
and sincere gratitude for all your valuable advices, suggestions and friendly
encouragement so I can complete this thesis. You know how stupid I am but I want you
to know too that I will try hard and never give up to be someone smart, as smart as you
I would like to express my warm and sincere gratitude to all Lecturers of STiBA
SatyaWacana. Ms. Dra. Ristiyanti Prasetijo, MBA., Mr Dian Toar Sumakul. S.Pd., Mis
Debora Tri Ragawanti, S.S, MA-ELT., Ms. Lasti Nur Satiani, S.S, Ms. Esriaty Sega
Kendenan, S.Pd., Ms. Rindang Widiningrum. S.Pd., Ms. Athriyana S. Pattiwael. S.Pd.,
Mr. Wahyu Seno Aji. S.S., Ms. Deta Maria Sri Darta. S.Pd., I am thankful for providing
me with a precious knowledge and skills.
I wish to express my thanks to all Staffs: Pak Warsaya, Mbak Yanti, Pak Yanto, Mas
Koko, and Mas Edy, who gave me friendly helps during your busy time.
I want to thank my friends. John Calvin Kumar, Ginanjar, Adi Han, Dony, Erhanz, Badak
Bercula Satu, Martinus, Baim, Juwita, Shanty, Habel Rumpaidus, and the others..., you
all always be my sweet memories. Thanks for now I can be able to understand what the
loneliness is (where are you guys?) but it is ok, you all are happy now..., I am happy
too
5
Finally, it is a pleasure to thank everyone who directly and indirectly supports me in
financial and emotional help during my study. I am sorry for not mentioning your name
one by one. You, yourself know that for me, you all will never be forgotten. Always be
on my mind. And once again thank you so much for giving me a lovely environment
where I can develop myself to be a better man.
April, 2015
R. Nico Samuel William Ramandei
6
ABSTRACT
Occasionally, some people are impressedby the title or the cover of the novel only
but some others prefer the characters to the title. It is why some old novels are still
interested to be read now days. Jake Brigance is one of the characters in John Grisham’s “A
Time to Kill”. Some readers of the this novel perhaps impressed on the style or the actions
of Jake Brigance as the Carl Lee Harley’s lawyer but maybe they do not understand Jake
Brigance’s motives behind the trial. Motives are the "whys" of behavior, the needs or wants
that drive behavior and explain what we do. And for this reason, this research paper was
conductedto analyze the threats and unconscious desires of Jake Brigance in order better
know well specifically what does the motives of Jake Brigance behind handling Carl Lee
Harley’s case and winning the trial, by using Freudian psychological.
7
ABSTRAK
Adakalanya, orang hanya terkesan pada judul atau sampul sebuah novel saja
namun ada pula yang lebih tertarik pada karakter yang terdapat dalam novel tersebut
dibandingkan judulnya. Inilah mengapa beberapa novel lama masih terus diminati untuk
dibaca saatini. Jake Brigance adalah salah satu karakter yang terdapat dalam novel “A
Time to kill” karangan John Grisham. Beberapa pembaca novel ini mungkin terkesan
pada style atau aksi-aksi Jake Brigance sebagai pengacara Carl Lee Harley namun
mereka tidak memahami motif apa yang dimiliki Jake Brigance dibalik persidangan.
Motif adalah “Mengapa” bertingkahlaku, kebutuhan atau keinginan yang mengerakan
prilaku dan menjelaskan apa yang kita lakukan. Dan untuk alas an inilah, makalah ini
dibuat dengan menggunakan pendekatan psikologi Freud dalam menganalisa ancaman
dan kenginan-keinginan alam bawah sadar Jake Brigance agar dapat memahami dan
mengenal lebih khusus apa motive yang dimiliki Jake Brigance dibalik penanganan kasus
Carl Lee Harley dan pemenangan persidangan.
8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
MOTTO PAGE ...................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL PAGE............................................................................................... ii
ACKNOLEDGMENT ........................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................... vi
TABLE OF CONTENT ....................................................................................... viii
I.
INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1
II.
THEORITICAL REVIEW ....................................................................................4
A. The Freudian Psychological Approach Toward Literary Works .....................4
B. Freudian Threats .............................................................................................4
C. Unconscious Desire ........................................................................................4
1. Id ................................................................................................................5
2. Ego .............................................................................................................6
3. Superego ....................................................................................................7
D. Definition of Motives.......................................................................................7
III.
ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................9
A. Jake Brigance’s Threats ...................................................................................9
1. External Threats ........................................................................................10
2. Internal Threats .........................................................................................10
B. Jake Brigance’s Unonscious Desires ..............................................................11
1. Brigance’s Will to Earn A High Income ..................................................11
9
2. Brigance’s Will to Be Famous ..................................................................13
C. Jake Brigances’s Motives Behind The Trial ...................................................15
1. Money Motive of Brigance .......................................................................15
2. Famous Motive of Brigance .....................................................................16
IV.
CONCLUSION .....................................................................................................19
A. Conclusion ......................................................................................................19
B. Suggestion .......................................................................................................20
REFERENCES .....................................................................................................22
APPENDIX...........................................................................................................23
10