SELF-ACTUALIZATION IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE: Self-Actualization In William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage: Humanistic Psychological Approach.
SELF-ACTUALIZATION
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Departement
by:
MUNFARIDA
A 320 980 260
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2005
APPROVAL
SELF – ACTUALIZATION
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Presented by:
MUNFARIDA
A 320 980 260
Approved to be examined by consultants
Consultant I
(Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S.)
NIK. 410
Consultant II
(Mauly Halwat H, S.Pd)
NIK. 037
ACCEPTANCE
SELF – ACTUALIZATION
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners
1. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S
(
)
(
)
(
)
Chair Person
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S. Pd
Member I
3. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
Member II
Approved by
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhmmadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean,
Drs. H. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M. Hum
NIK. 405
PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini, saya menyatakan bahwa dalam skripsi ini tidak terdapat karya
yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatau Perguruan
Tinggi dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat
yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis
diacu dalam naskah dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.
Apabila ternyata kelak kemudian hari terbukti ada ketidak benaran dalam
pernyataan saya diatas, maka saya akan bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya.
Surakarta, 25 Oktober 2005
MUNFARIDA
A. 320 980 260
MOTTO
Apa saja rahmat yang dianugerahkan Allah kepada manusia, maka tidak ada
seorang pun yang dapat menahannya; dan rahmat apa saja yang ditahan Allah
maka tidak seorang pun yang sanggup melepaskannya sesudah itu. Dan Dialah
yang Maha Perkasa lagi Maha Bijaksana.
(Al-Qur’an S. Fathiir: 2)
Person is his/her own master, so one must restrain her/himself
(The Writer)
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My Beloved father and mother:
Mr Djumadris and Mrs Nurhayati
My Wonderful Brothers and Sisters:
Mukhlish, M. Nawawi, Raudhatul Aslamiah and Uswatun Khasanah
My Best Friends:
Anik P, Muryani, Evi D, Anita W, Sulastri, Ristanti, etc
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb.
Glory to ALLAH S. W. T. Almigty the Lord of the Universe for blessing whith
power and health and guiding me to finish the study entitled “Self – Actualization in
William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage: Humanistic Psychological
Approach”.
This study cannot be finished without other people help. Therefore, I would like
to express my gratitude to the people who had participated in completing this study;
1. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S. as the first consultant who gives guidances, advices, support
and correction to finish his study.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S.Pd, as the second consultant who gives support and
correction of the grammar. Also as the academic consultant who gives guidances,
advices and support to me during my study in this university.
3. All the lecturers of English Department who give their knowledge to me during my
study in this university.
4. Drs. H. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M.Hum, as the Dean of the Faculty of Teacher Training
and Education in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
5. Koesoema Ratih, S.Pd. M.Hum, as the chief of English Department in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. My beloved parents for their great love, prayer, support and fee to accomplish this
research.
7. My sweet brothers and sisters for their kindness, support, and prayer. Especially, for
Uswatun (Uuz), my cute sister, thanks for accompanying me to look for the novel and
type this research paper.
8. My best friends for their kindness, support, and prayer.
9. Everyone that cannot be mentioned one by one who had helped me in arranging this
research paper.
Finally, I realize that this research is still far away from being perfect. Therefore,
the constructive suggestion and criticism is expected to improve the quality of this
research paper. I expect that this research will be useful for those who want to analyze
William somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage and Increase the reader’s knowledge
of literary studies.
Wassalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb.
Oktober, 2005
M
SUMMARY
MUNFARIDA. A. 320 980 260. SELF-ACTUALIZATION IN WILLIAM
SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE: HUMANISTIC
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. RESEARCH PAPER. 2005.
The problem of this study is how the major character, Philip Carey actualizes
himself in William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage. The objective of this study
is to analize William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage based on the structural
element and Maslow’s humanistic psychological approach.
This study belongs to qualitative research. In this method, there are two types
data sources which are used, namely primary and secondary data sources. The primary
data source is the novel itself. The secondary data source is taken from books and other
sources which support the analysis. The method of data collection is library research and
tecnique of data collection is descriptive technique.
Having analyzed the novel, the writer draws that Plilip Carey, the major character
of the novel can actualize himself although he is cripple. It can be known from his life
that he can pass the four basic needs (Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love and
Belongingness needs, Self esteem needs) and has the fifteen characteristics of Selfactualization.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Mauly Halwat H, S. pd
NIK. 037
Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S
NIK. 410
Dean
Drs. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M. Hum
NIK. 405
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ....................................................................................................
iii
STATEMENT .......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ......................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................
vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study...........................................................
1
B. Literature Review......................................................................
2
C. Problem of the Study.................................................................
3
D. Objectives of the Study .............................................................
3
E. Benefits of the Study.................................................................
3
F. Research Method.......................................................................
3
G. Thesis Organization ..................................................................
4
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................................
6
A. Notion of Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology ...........................
6
B. Basic Concepts of Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology..............
8
C. Theoretical Application.............................................................
16
x
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .......................................................
17
A. Stuctural Elements ....................................................................
17
1. Character and Characterization...........................................
18
2. Setting .................................................................................
36
3. Plot ......................................................................................
38
4. Point of View ......................................................................
45
5. Style ....................................................................................
45
6. Theme .................................................................................
49
B. Discussion ................................................................................
50
CHAPTER IV HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ......................
52
A. Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology Analysis of Philip Carey ...
52
1. Physiological needs.............................................................
52
2. Safety needs ........................................................................
52
3. Love and Belongingness needs...........................................
53
4. Esteem needs.......................................................................
54
5. Self-actualization needs ......................................................
55
B. Discussion ................................................................................
63
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..........................................
65
A. Conclusion ................................................................................
65
B. Suggestion.................................................................................
66
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting the Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Departement
by:
MUNFARIDA
A 320 980 260
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2005
APPROVAL
SELF – ACTUALIZATION
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Presented by:
MUNFARIDA
A 320 980 260
Approved to be examined by consultants
Consultant I
(Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S.)
NIK. 410
Consultant II
(Mauly Halwat H, S.Pd)
NIK. 037
ACCEPTANCE
SELF – ACTUALIZATION
IN WILLIAM SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE:
HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team of Examiners
1. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M. S
(
)
(
)
(
)
Chair Person
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S. Pd
Member I
3. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
Member II
Approved by
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhmmadiyah University of Surakarta
Dean,
Drs. H. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M. Hum
NIK. 405
PERNYATAAN
Dengan ini, saya menyatakan bahwa dalam skripsi ini tidak terdapat karya
yang pernah diajukan untuk memperoleh gelar kesarjanaan di suatau Perguruan
Tinggi dan sepanjang pengetahuan saya juga tidak terdapat karya atau pendapat
yang pernah ditulis atau diterbitkan oleh orang lain, kecuali yang secara tertulis
diacu dalam naskah dan disebutkan dalam daftar pustaka.
Apabila ternyata kelak kemudian hari terbukti ada ketidak benaran dalam
pernyataan saya diatas, maka saya akan bertanggung jawab sepenuhnya.
Surakarta, 25 Oktober 2005
MUNFARIDA
A. 320 980 260
MOTTO
Apa saja rahmat yang dianugerahkan Allah kepada manusia, maka tidak ada
seorang pun yang dapat menahannya; dan rahmat apa saja yang ditahan Allah
maka tidak seorang pun yang sanggup melepaskannya sesudah itu. Dan Dialah
yang Maha Perkasa lagi Maha Bijaksana.
(Al-Qur’an S. Fathiir: 2)
Person is his/her own master, so one must restrain her/himself
(The Writer)
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My Beloved father and mother:
Mr Djumadris and Mrs Nurhayati
My Wonderful Brothers and Sisters:
Mukhlish, M. Nawawi, Raudhatul Aslamiah and Uswatun Khasanah
My Best Friends:
Anik P, Muryani, Evi D, Anita W, Sulastri, Ristanti, etc
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb.
Glory to ALLAH S. W. T. Almigty the Lord of the Universe for blessing whith
power and health and guiding me to finish the study entitled “Self – Actualization in
William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage: Humanistic Psychological
Approach”.
This study cannot be finished without other people help. Therefore, I would like
to express my gratitude to the people who had participated in completing this study;
1. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S. as the first consultant who gives guidances, advices, support
and correction to finish his study.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, S.Pd, as the second consultant who gives support and
correction of the grammar. Also as the academic consultant who gives guidances,
advices and support to me during my study in this university.
3. All the lecturers of English Department who give their knowledge to me during my
study in this university.
4. Drs. H. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M.Hum, as the Dean of the Faculty of Teacher Training
and Education in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
5. Koesoema Ratih, S.Pd. M.Hum, as the chief of English Department in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. My beloved parents for their great love, prayer, support and fee to accomplish this
research.
7. My sweet brothers and sisters for their kindness, support, and prayer. Especially, for
Uswatun (Uuz), my cute sister, thanks for accompanying me to look for the novel and
type this research paper.
8. My best friends for their kindness, support, and prayer.
9. Everyone that cannot be mentioned one by one who had helped me in arranging this
research paper.
Finally, I realize that this research is still far away from being perfect. Therefore,
the constructive suggestion and criticism is expected to improve the quality of this
research paper. I expect that this research will be useful for those who want to analyze
William somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage and Increase the reader’s knowledge
of literary studies.
Wassalamu’alaikum. Wr. Wb.
Oktober, 2005
M
SUMMARY
MUNFARIDA. A. 320 980 260. SELF-ACTUALIZATION IN WILLIAM
SOMERSET MAUGHAM’S OF HUMAN BONDAGE: HUMANISTIC
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF
SURAKARTA. RESEARCH PAPER. 2005.
The problem of this study is how the major character, Philip Carey actualizes
himself in William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage. The objective of this study
is to analize William Somerset Maugham’s Of Human Bondage based on the structural
element and Maslow’s humanistic psychological approach.
This study belongs to qualitative research. In this method, there are two types
data sources which are used, namely primary and secondary data sources. The primary
data source is the novel itself. The secondary data source is taken from books and other
sources which support the analysis. The method of data collection is library research and
tecnique of data collection is descriptive technique.
Having analyzed the novel, the writer draws that Plilip Carey, the major character
of the novel can actualize himself although he is cripple. It can be known from his life
that he can pass the four basic needs (Physiological needs, Safety needs, Love and
Belongingness needs, Self esteem needs) and has the fifteen characteristics of Selfactualization.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Mauly Halwat H, S. pd
NIK. 037
Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S
NIK. 410
Dean
Drs. Agus Budi Wahyudi, M. Hum
NIK. 405
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ....................................................................................................
iii
STATEMENT .......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ......................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................
vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
x
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study...........................................................
1
B. Literature Review......................................................................
2
C. Problem of the Study.................................................................
3
D. Objectives of the Study .............................................................
3
E. Benefits of the Study.................................................................
3
F. Research Method.......................................................................
3
G. Thesis Organization ..................................................................
4
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY ............................................................
6
A. Notion of Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology ...........................
6
B. Basic Concepts of Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology..............
8
C. Theoretical Application.............................................................
16
x
CHAPTER III STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS .......................................................
17
A. Stuctural Elements ....................................................................
17
1. Character and Characterization...........................................
18
2. Setting .................................................................................
36
3. Plot ......................................................................................
38
4. Point of View ......................................................................
45
5. Style ....................................................................................
45
6. Theme .................................................................................
49
B. Discussion ................................................................................
50
CHAPTER IV HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS ......................
52
A. Maslow’s Humanistic Psychology Analysis of Philip Carey ...
52
1. Physiological needs.............................................................
52
2. Safety needs ........................................................................
52
3. Love and Belongingness needs...........................................
53
4. Esteem needs.......................................................................
54
5. Self-actualization needs ......................................................
55
B. Discussion ................................................................................
63
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..........................................
65
A. Conclusion ................................................................................
65
B. Suggestion.................................................................................
66
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xi