THE IMPACTS OF MATERIALISM ON ENGLISH SOCIETY IN EARLY NINETEENTH CENTURY AS REFLECTED IN WILLIAM MAKEPEACE THACKERAY'S VANITY FAIR.
TgE NDACTS OI MT{IERIATISM ON ENOLIS|E SOCTETY IN EARLY
NINE1EENTE CENT(JRY AS REFIICTED IN Vtr,IJAM MAKEPS-AC,
ISACKERAf
S
t/rrIrF,ar?
ATIIESIS
s"ttltual
ia
PaattttAJ
mt
otttt a4tetlE
Jutt t).ttu of SujM
t
Sod,t
Df
MCKYAZRf,NA
(0s 9Es
M2)
ENGLISS DEPARIMENT
FACULTTOFLE?TERS-ATIDALASTNTWILSITY
ABSTR,{K
sknFsi ini membahas t€nlms danpal bmk sifat materialisth tcrhadat
nrdyarakar lnegds pada awal abad kc-19 scpcfii ldg lcrembd dalm norel
/ari4 Fdlr karya Willim Malepcacc llackcny. Silar naknalislis ddalan saLn
satu dmpal ddi Revolusi lndush ddda rdjadi relidaksdihbdngd dnba kelas
atar d kelas bsvln sehinega mcmbul nerek, hdus berjuang unruk
menrlap&an kchidup ysB lebih laylk dan untuk nrenpenlnankan sblus sosial
mereka nnensai ndydalat. Berdasskan kondhj jnilah penulis nensflnjlisis
sjauh nma danpal sifat nalerialisLis nempensaruhi Lehidupd Dasyamlal
lnggris pada awal abad ke 19.
Dalmr menelnalisis novel ini. pe.ulis nenggunakln teon Reneksi yang
digaeas olch Ceory Luk&s. Unrul frenbedinstan apakJr keaddn yma
lergmbd ddm novel ini nempunyai pesmm dens fakta y g lerjadi pada
mlslaralat lngeris pada awal abad *e 19, penulis nenseualo peDdckatar
nimelik. Ddla yeg dlpenuks diperoleh ddi pcnclilid kcpstalM. Kcmudian
dara dijabarkar seclm desknpit
Dei hasil peneliti , penulis n€nemukan bahwa di dalam novel ini ada
b.bcdpa konflik y g limbul ,]riblt mdaleh sosial eko.omi yana
me.ggahbdkm kcadm nasytrakal llsrlis pada awal abad ke-19 *baeai
dmpak dan sisGfr hapilalisnc pada m rcvolusi indusli Ada beberapa dmpdl
sifat naleillistis yang tergmbd dalm nolel ini, dianktuya adalah
ketidauramoni$ dalam sbuln kelu.rsa tunbuturya sifat neDenth8km diri
sendin dd juea penakus y g tidak adil dilEn8an Dsyamkai. Pcnulis dapal
ncnyinpulkdr balw tenyara ordB yans beFsal ddi kel6 alas naupun kclas
baw.n nenpurai silal yde sma yaitu malcrialistis yeg netuFald salan saru
dmpat d{i sisreh kapnalisnc pada era Revolui lndustn lenulis jusa
Denyinpulku bahr€ nov€l ini ldaldh karra t/,srcsstrc. kam melalui nolel ini
Thackeny b&hasil nenskriiik sislen kapilalisme yans me.yebabke bebcmpa
Jm!,I buul di lnseris pada awal abad 19 sccm objcklit
CHAPTf,RI
l- l.
The
Brckemudolthe Res8rcb
The firn puaosc
they need food, cloth6,
Act dFr
na&nd
olhun
s life in
thk *orld k ro suaive. To sunive,
shelterondeon. which
n*snt
arc called marerial
n6esiry. T.
dcy musi hav€ money, b€caus money is a
r@1 used
by people for so.ds cxchange or economic rtivities. Ihe relationship brrween
sd
money
human
l*ing
is
lcry slrcng bfraus they ned noney
daily life. Without none, lhey
ould
ro
tulnll rheir
not do u)ahing lo suflive. 'ln Manist
5
idc{ cconoDy is $e inpotunl thinE in s@iel lile, Mnomy rs lne bas' dd
olhers
6
\up€Brructnre" (Sills- 1968:,ll)
11
Fre+hing $ar pcople do
rhs sNial syslem.
and il can iniuence
mear s rhar
ii
sciety b€cau$ olecononic
ideas lomulated
critiquc ol capilalism in industial revolurion.
lit.
One of
'rflecrion. Lukacs
Mu!
of
soci@noric
and Engcl as 4
ns a{ention on
eciG
lollowe6 is Garg Lukacs who uss thc tcm
believes that a
the lir.rary works as a
b, Maft
lt focu*s
literiry wo& ren*6 $d
lo.u$s on sonomic system. So her. M.dhr rhsry
amiF!
rhe basic in
thenlilc.
Madist theory is basdd on lhc
economic
the
etunoiy h
Ml
c.i cl*rly
Epernhrion ofsNiaLatibdei
and historical lactots.
df liae which
bc uscd ro
and ar a producr
Aed
on
$e shtemem ab.vc lhe wdts wans lo analrz
v",,4 F/t
by william Makep€ee Thackcfty b] using
Fzir h
ofThackemy\ rvorks thar wd wirlen in the
one
dd
llnglffd
French.
Englhh society
workine
clas
slhe
has
Mnist
ye
ctunbd
a novel
rheory. I/zm9
1315
md set in
ln lhis time, rhe imbaldce brNeen cla$6 happened on
&.t
impact ollndustiialrcvolution
to
slruggLe
Meanwhile. the upper cl6s
tied
,/z,it Fa' presns
mode lhe lower
cl$s or
to surive dd ger cquality in lnc
stuicty.
to ser
n.re noncy
aron rhc
l.bofs s.rk.
iwo youn8 gnh who come hom diLeEit s@ial
shtus. Rebh€a shaa is an orphan who lives in poverty. Iler molher is an op€F
girl who mnes ftom
French and her turher is an
dist. ln .onrdi.
hcr lricnd
ADelia Sedley k a mcrchanl's drughrer who lives in pmlperitl. Amelia is tne
only one *ho nak6 Fiend wid Bftky in the
Mis
Pinkenon s Academ) in
Chiswick Mall beaue she has no money and h6 bad atiilude. Aecky bas an
ohse$ion to bc a rich pe6o! and gels a place in
or lhe upper cLass livcs. She
Voily
silldo slahineto nake
ff *hoi
rcaching her drcam to becomo a rich one
ARer reading lhis novel. thc
he
money and
dd
livcs jn Ine
wirff dink
6al k nill inrere$inA
por€r. Moredverj
topic
lo
her dream comes
doe -or lo\e.
tnat
this ndvel bccaus in this novel she finds thar &ere
beous ol
Fan whe.e lhe rich pmple
she thinks
be dieussed roday.
rhar rhc conflics ecuned amons chadctrs
B(lq
Vdily
neler
lde
cven
rne
-p
Fair.
n is interceina ro anallze
d
many issles that
scur
rhlr economy is rhe object
Fron rhe research.
in rhis wo* is
she finds
causcd by thc
CHAPTIIR V
CONCI,USION
Afd
rhcrce
mdllzing ThackeBys
by applying reflectjon rheory,
sevenl similariries beNeen the $ories in thc nov.twiln ranslhh societ
in early ninctccnln
moncy
trr,/l ,qir
e.tury. At datlime.
ud *alln lt
dnves
dEn to
b€
rhe
pulpds ofpeoptc
narerialistic
I
liom monq' md daterial b.nelit. ln rhis cn, rhere aE
boulaeokie
dd pmlehial class.
s
tife is ro producc
ho vat ue and
ctas
in
w
enerhing
societl rhet
Borh ciases havc ro nnggte to Ber mdney ro
sudive, but in rhe end, thel, get,liEerenr ftsuh. ]]re rich ges richei qhitc
p6r pmrr b.€use
the poor peoplc arc
Morcover. thk novel presents
the
chmcrer oljohn Osbome
of L\en havo simibr
as a
are
so
rhe
oplr6s€d by lhe rich.
dif:senr eciot ctases. Ii can h€ s*n in
bou4coisie an'l Rebeaa as a prctehi.r. Boih
ohaBcter thar
h marialislic.
John Osb.rne
wd6
to
mainbin his weahh by meryine hh childEn !o pcople who come tom the smc
shlus
s
him. He also views people dound him based on Mnomic and power.
M*nNhile. Reb.cca h6 a
dltm
1o
live in Vaniry Fair She
respedable womm bydoin8 everyhing wirhoul thinking
her
lilerd
the p€ople aound
rhe wrlter finds that lor
rhings in
fien life.
abou
rers
he cffecr
ro be
a
rowad
herincludingho tamity. r;on bolh ofch@cle6.
tie .ich or p.or people. money ed wstth
So. ir dives rhem ro be margiatinic who
s@iety baed on msleriai vatus.
m
imponant
vicq rhe p€opte or
Abtnis. M. H.
The
Mitut
dkd th.
N.s Yo i Oxlord tjnircrsiry
Ldnp Ronantic
C Qualnatiz
Mclr.d USA: Alllr
(ijticul Truditio
Prcss 1976
tJ,rt.., t. t 4E1,,.14.rrtut, tr.'J I
Bogdd, Robe
Theary dhd the
uur
omccto\da.r\ ttr
RLsLarth Uucation: ,1h lnhtulrtli.tn
and
Bacon,llc.
The.r! ahl
1982.
Rooker, M. Keirh. ,1 Pracr.?/ /,trodrctian ta Liletutr, Theory and
York Lo.Enm Publhhcs USA.
h
ta80.
aitri.b,.
Ncw
1996
Dr der Narheiel tndiritldliln atul Frce So.ietv
Paf,
hltp J/}sw-fif.ore/fr€€dom/0l95d.asponline on D€cen ber 21, 2009
Dasom. Kdl
Md. ,brori /.)ln ik ddn A'Ji Rccolkti. l?kttd:
Diadir Media. 2007
LndmsNM, S. Meodnl.t$i Penehrian Sa\ta: Episte alagi, Modal, Teoti dah
FBS UniveBitas NeAeri
Fatlex. The
lutp
-.lr'
,,|plilr'i.
Yoeyatdta 2001.
lrr.e Di.tia,.tt
//$\$.Urclrcdicrionrv
PA^..tan Univesiq:
lrlcx lnc
2003.
conr/marerialGm. online on January 04 2010.
Tlk llee Di..onrrJ Prn- o, .1'.ersiq lul l 11
100:.
hlrD:/ vss.lhelreedicrionaB.corrtindi!iduali\m Onlin..n rruN
Harditod, F Rud' Fitld|al M.den': Dari Marchjutelli Sanpui NietT.he. Jtlan^:PL
CImcdb Pustala Ulda. 2004.
Hirchcock. Louis.
.7?ie,ry
li,t Cl.^jt:
uStudcnt s
G ritl..2A05.
NINE1EENTE CENT(JRY AS REFIICTED IN Vtr,IJAM MAKEPS-AC,
ISACKERAf
S
t/rrIrF,ar?
ATIIESIS
s"ttltual
ia
PaattttAJ
mt
otttt a4tetlE
Jutt t).ttu of SujM
t
Sod,t
Df
MCKYAZRf,NA
(0s 9Es
M2)
ENGLISS DEPARIMENT
FACULTTOFLE?TERS-ATIDALASTNTWILSITY
ABSTR,{K
sknFsi ini membahas t€nlms danpal bmk sifat materialisth tcrhadat
nrdyarakar lnegds pada awal abad kc-19 scpcfii ldg lcrembd dalm norel
/ari4 Fdlr karya Willim Malepcacc llackcny. Silar naknalislis ddalan saLn
satu dmpal ddi Revolusi lndush ddda rdjadi relidaksdihbdngd dnba kelas
atar d kelas bsvln sehinega mcmbul nerek, hdus berjuang unruk
menrlap&an kchidup ysB lebih laylk dan untuk nrenpenlnankan sblus sosial
mereka nnensai ndydalat. Berdasskan kondhj jnilah penulis nensflnjlisis
sjauh nma danpal sifat nalerialisLis nempensaruhi Lehidupd Dasyamlal
lnggris pada awal abad ke 19.
Dalmr menelnalisis novel ini. pe.ulis nenggunakln teon Reneksi yang
digaeas olch Ceory Luk&s. Unrul frenbedinstan apakJr keaddn yma
lergmbd ddm novel ini nempunyai pesmm dens fakta y g lerjadi pada
mlslaralat lngeris pada awal abad *e 19, penulis nenseualo peDdckatar
nimelik. Ddla yeg dlpenuks diperoleh ddi pcnclilid kcpstalM. Kcmudian
dara dijabarkar seclm desknpit
Dei hasil peneliti , penulis n€nemukan bahwa di dalam novel ini ada
b.bcdpa konflik y g limbul ,]riblt mdaleh sosial eko.omi yana
me.ggahbdkm kcadm nasytrakal llsrlis pada awal abad ke-19 *baeai
dmpak dan sisGfr hapilalisnc pada m rcvolusi indusli Ada beberapa dmpdl
sifat naleillistis yang tergmbd dalm nolel ini, dianktuya adalah
ketidauramoni$ dalam sbuln kelu.rsa tunbuturya sifat neDenth8km diri
sendin dd juea penakus y g tidak adil dilEn8an Dsyamkai. Pcnulis dapal
ncnyinpulkdr balw tenyara ordB yans beFsal ddi kel6 alas naupun kclas
baw.n nenpurai silal yde sma yaitu malcrialistis yeg netuFald salan saru
dmpat d{i sisreh kapnalisnc pada era Revolui lndustn lenulis jusa
Denyinpulku bahr€ nov€l ini ldaldh karra t/,srcsstrc. kam melalui nolel ini
Thackeny b&hasil nenskriiik sislen kapilalisme yans me.yebabke bebcmpa
Jm!,I buul di lnseris pada awal abad 19 sccm objcklit
CHAPTf,RI
l- l.
The
Brckemudolthe Res8rcb
The firn puaosc
they need food, cloth6,
Act dFr
na&nd
olhun
s life in
thk *orld k ro suaive. To sunive,
shelterondeon. which
n*snt
arc called marerial
n6esiry. T.
dcy musi hav€ money, b€caus money is a
r@1 used
by people for so.ds cxchange or economic rtivities. Ihe relationship brrween
sd
money
human
l*ing
is
lcry slrcng bfraus they ned noney
daily life. Without none, lhey
ould
ro
tulnll rheir
not do u)ahing lo suflive. 'ln Manist
5
idc{ cconoDy is $e inpotunl thinE in s@iel lile, Mnomy rs lne bas' dd
olhers
6
\up€Brructnre" (Sills- 1968:,ll)
11
Fre+hing $ar pcople do
rhs sNial syslem.
and il can iniuence
mear s rhar
ii
sciety b€cau$ olecononic
ideas lomulated
critiquc ol capilalism in industial revolurion.
lit.
One of
'rflecrion. Lukacs
Mu!
of
soci@noric
and Engcl as 4
ns a{ention on
eciG
lollowe6 is Garg Lukacs who uss thc tcm
believes that a
the lir.rary works as a
b, Maft
lt focu*s
literiry wo& ren*6 $d
lo.u$s on sonomic system. So her. M.dhr rhsry
amiF!
rhe basic in
thenlilc.
Madist theory is basdd on lhc
economic
the
etunoiy h
Ml
c.i cl*rly
Epernhrion ofsNiaLatibdei
and historical lactots.
df liae which
bc uscd ro
and ar a producr
Aed
on
$e shtemem ab.vc lhe wdts wans lo analrz
v",,4 F/t
by william Makep€ee Thackcfty b] using
Fzir h
ofThackemy\ rvorks thar wd wirlen in the
one
dd
llnglffd
French.
Englhh society
workine
clas
slhe
has
Mnist
ye
ctunbd
a novel
rheory. I/zm9
1315
md set in
ln lhis time, rhe imbaldce brNeen cla$6 happened on
&.t
impact ollndustiialrcvolution
to
slruggLe
Meanwhile. the upper cl6s
tied
,/z,it Fa' presns
mode lhe lower
cl$s or
to surive dd ger cquality in lnc
stuicty.
to ser
n.re noncy
aron rhc
l.bofs s.rk.
iwo youn8 gnh who come hom diLeEit s@ial
shtus. Rebh€a shaa is an orphan who lives in poverty. Iler molher is an op€F
girl who mnes ftom
French and her turher is an
dist. ln .onrdi.
hcr lricnd
ADelia Sedley k a mcrchanl's drughrer who lives in pmlperitl. Amelia is tne
only one *ho nak6 Fiend wid Bftky in the
Mis
Pinkenon s Academ) in
Chiswick Mall beaue she has no money and h6 bad atiilude. Aecky bas an
ohse$ion to bc a rich pe6o! and gels a place in
or lhe upper cLass livcs. She
Voily
silldo slahineto nake
ff *hoi
rcaching her drcam to becomo a rich one
ARer reading lhis novel. thc
he
money and
dd
livcs jn Ine
wirff dink
6al k nill inrere$inA
por€r. Moredverj
topic
lo
her dream comes
doe -or lo\e.
tnat
this ndvel bccaus in this novel she finds thar &ere
beous ol
Fan whe.e lhe rich pmple
she thinks
be dieussed roday.
rhar rhc conflics ecuned amons chadctrs
B(lq
Vdily
neler
lde
cven
rne
-p
Fair.
n is interceina ro anallze
d
many issles that
scur
rhlr economy is rhe object
Fron rhe research.
in rhis wo* is
she finds
causcd by thc
CHAPTIIR V
CONCI,USION
Afd
rhcrce
mdllzing ThackeBys
by applying reflectjon rheory,
sevenl similariries beNeen the $ories in thc nov.twiln ranslhh societ
in early ninctccnln
moncy
trr,/l ,qir
e.tury. At datlime.
ud *alln lt
dnves
dEn to
b€
rhe
pulpds ofpeoptc
narerialistic
I
liom monq' md daterial b.nelit. ln rhis cn, rhere aE
boulaeokie
dd pmlehial class.
s
tife is ro producc
ho vat ue and
ctas
in
w
enerhing
societl rhet
Borh ciases havc ro nnggte to Ber mdney ro
sudive, but in rhe end, thel, get,liEerenr ftsuh. ]]re rich ges richei qhitc
p6r pmrr b.€use
the poor peoplc arc
Morcover. thk novel presents
the
chmcrer oljohn Osbome
of L\en havo simibr
as a
are
so
rhe
oplr6s€d by lhe rich.
dif:senr eciot ctases. Ii can h€ s*n in
bou4coisie an'l Rebeaa as a prctehi.r. Boih
ohaBcter thar
h marialislic.
John Osb.rne
wd6
to
mainbin his weahh by meryine hh childEn !o pcople who come tom the smc
shlus
s
him. He also views people dound him based on Mnomic and power.
M*nNhile. Reb.cca h6 a
dltm
1o
live in Vaniry Fair She
respedable womm bydoin8 everyhing wirhoul thinking
her
lilerd
the p€ople aound
rhe wrlter finds that lor
rhings in
fien life.
abou
rers
he cffecr
ro be
a
rowad
herincludingho tamity. r;on bolh ofch@cle6.
tie .ich or p.or people. money ed wstth
So. ir dives rhem ro be margiatinic who
s@iety baed on msleriai vatus.
m
imponant
vicq rhe p€opte or
Abtnis. M. H.
The
Mitut
dkd th.
N.s Yo i Oxlord tjnircrsiry
Ldnp Ronantic
C Qualnatiz
Mclr.d USA: Alllr
(ijticul Truditio
Prcss 1976
tJ,rt.., t. t 4E1,,.14.rrtut, tr.'J I
Bogdd, Robe
Theary dhd the
uur
omccto\da.r\ ttr
RLsLarth Uucation: ,1h lnhtulrtli.tn
and
Bacon,llc.
The.r! ahl
1982.
Rooker, M. Keirh. ,1 Pracr.?/ /,trodrctian ta Liletutr, Theory and
York Lo.Enm Publhhcs USA.
h
ta80.
aitri.b,.
Ncw
1996
Dr der Narheiel tndiritldliln atul Frce So.ietv
Paf,
hltp J/}sw-fif.ore/fr€€dom/0l95d.asponline on D€cen ber 21, 2009
Dasom. Kdl
Md. ,brori /.)ln ik ddn A'Ji Rccolkti. l?kttd:
Diadir Media. 2007
LndmsNM, S. Meodnl.t$i Penehrian Sa\ta: Episte alagi, Modal, Teoti dah
FBS UniveBitas NeAeri
Fatlex. The
lutp
-.lr'
,,|plilr'i.
Yoeyatdta 2001.
lrr.e Di.tia,.tt
//$\$.Urclrcdicrionrv
PA^..tan Univesiq:
lrlcx lnc
2003.
conr/marerialGm. online on January 04 2010.
Tlk llee Di..onrrJ Prn- o, .1'.ersiq lul l 11
100:.
hlrD:/ vss.lhelreedicrionaB.corrtindi!iduali\m Onlin..n rruN
Harditod, F Rud' Fitld|al M.den': Dari Marchjutelli Sanpui NietT.he. Jtlan^:PL
CImcdb Pustala Ulda. 2004.
Hirchcock. Louis.
.7?ie,ry
li,t Cl.^jt:
uStudcnt s
G ritl..2A05.