PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL BY ULTRASOUND ASSISTED
PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL BY ULTRASOUND ASSISTED
ESTERIFICATION OF RUBBERSEED OIL
Tomy Berkah Fajar , Hadiyanto, and Widayat
Department of Chemical Engineering
Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Abstract
Currently, the production of biodiesel is shifting from 1st generation to of 2nd
generation where the raw materials are mostly from non-edible type oils and
fats. Production of biodiesel is commonly operated under batch operation using
mechanical mixing to accelerate mass transfer. The main bottleneck of
esterification of oils is that they often contain large amounts of free fatty acids
(FFA) which is reduce the yield of biodiesel and requires longer production
time (2-5 hours). This longer time and lower yield seem to be major
disadvantage for biodiesel production. Ultrasonification has been used in many
applications due to its ability to produce cavitations. Therefore this research is
aimed to implement ultrasound technology to improve biodiesel production
process. A unit of cleaner ultrasound was facilitated under constant
temperature and 40 Hz frequency. The result of this research showed that the
ultrasound reduced significantly the processing time while the yield of biodiesel
increases. The appropriate model to describe correlation of yield and defined
variabels is Y= 43,4894 – 0,6926 X1 + 1,1807 X2 – 7,1042 X3 + 2,6451 X1X2 –
1,6557 X1X3 + 5,7586 X2X3 - 10,5145 X1X2X3, where X1 is mesh sizes, X2 ratio
oil: methanol and X3 type of catalyzt.
Keywords: Rubberseed oil, Ultrasound, Esterification, Biodiesel, Yield
Universitas Diponegoro
ESTERIFICATION OF RUBBERSEED OIL
Tomy Berkah Fajar , Hadiyanto, and Widayat
Department of Chemical Engineering
Faculty of Engineering, Diponegoro University, Indonesia
Abstract
Currently, the production of biodiesel is shifting from 1st generation to of 2nd
generation where the raw materials are mostly from non-edible type oils and
fats. Production of biodiesel is commonly operated under batch operation using
mechanical mixing to accelerate mass transfer. The main bottleneck of
esterification of oils is that they often contain large amounts of free fatty acids
(FFA) which is reduce the yield of biodiesel and requires longer production
time (2-5 hours). This longer time and lower yield seem to be major
disadvantage for biodiesel production. Ultrasonification has been used in many
applications due to its ability to produce cavitations. Therefore this research is
aimed to implement ultrasound technology to improve biodiesel production
process. A unit of cleaner ultrasound was facilitated under constant
temperature and 40 Hz frequency. The result of this research showed that the
ultrasound reduced significantly the processing time while the yield of biodiesel
increases. The appropriate model to describe correlation of yield and defined
variabels is Y= 43,4894 – 0,6926 X1 + 1,1807 X2 – 7,1042 X3 + 2,6451 X1X2 –
1,6557 X1X3 + 5,7586 X2X3 - 10,5145 X1X2X3, where X1 is mesh sizes, X2 ratio
oil: methanol and X3 type of catalyzt.
Keywords: Rubberseed oil, Ultrasound, Esterification, Biodiesel, Yield
Universitas Diponegoro